140 research outputs found

    Periodic fevers associated with celiac disease and marked increase of NK cells

    Full text link

    Granulomatous-lymphocytic interstitial lung disease: an international research prioritisation

    Get PDF
    The first ever research prioritisation exercise in GLILD: this survey identified areas of interest in the diagnosis, treatment and management of GLILD, which can be used as a roadmap for future research

    EuroFlow Standardized Approach to Diagnostic Immunopheneotyping of Severe PID in Newborns and Young Children

    Get PDF
    The EuroFlow PID consortium developed a set of flow cytometry tests for evaluation of patients with suspicion of primary immunodeficiency (PID). In this technical report we evaluate the performance of the SCID-RTE tube that explores the presence of recent thymic emigrants (RTE) together with T-cell activation status and maturation stages and discuss its applicability in the context of the broader EuroFlow PID flow cytometry testing algorithm for diagnostic orientation of PID of the lymphoid system. We have analyzed peripheral blood cells of 26 patients diagnosed between birth and 2 years of age with a genetically defined primary immunodeficiency disorder: 1

    The Development of Mouse APECED Models Provides New Insight into the Role of AIRE in Immune Regulation

    Get PDF
    Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy candidiasis ectodermal dystrophy is a rare recessive autoimmune disorder caused by a defect in a single gene called AIRE (autoimmune regulator). Characteristics of this disease include a variable combination of autoimmune endocrine tissue destruction, mucocutaneous candidiasis and ectodermal dystrophies. The development of Aire-knockout mice has provided an invaluable model for the study of this disease. The aim of this review is to briefly highlight the strides made in APECED research using these transgenic murine models, with a focus on known roles of Aire in autoimmunity. The findings thus far are compelling and prompt additional areas of study which are discussed

    SARS-CoV-2-related MIS-C: a key to the viral and genetic causes of Kawasaki disease?

    Get PDF

    Modélisation du poly-époxy DGEBA-EDA et de sa réactivité vis-à-vis du cuivre : approche expérimentale et numérique

    Get PDF
    GrĂące Ă  la mĂ©tallisation de leur surface, des piĂšces en polymĂšres peuvent substituer certains composants mĂ©talliques dans les industries de l'aĂ©rospatiale et du transport. Les polymĂšres ont des masses volumiques plus faibles que les mĂ©taux et une rĂ©activitĂ© chimique limitĂ©e, ce qui en fait des candidats idĂ©aux pour les applications spatiales. En combinant techniques expĂ©rimentales et simulations numĂ©riques, nous avons Ă©tudiĂ© les mĂ©canismes fondamentaux de la mĂ©tallisation de surface d'un polymĂšre poly-Ă©poxy (DGEBA / EDA). L'objectif de notre Ă©tude Ă©tait de dĂ©velopper un modĂšle non empirique prenant en compte les mĂ©canismes rĂ©gissant la nuclĂ©ation et la croissance des films minces mĂ©talliques. Notre groupe a une longue expĂ©rience des dĂ©pĂŽts chimiques en phase vapeur, CVD. Mais cette technique n'a pas Ă©tĂ© choisie pour la mĂ©tallisation de nos surfaces de polymĂšres car les tempĂ©ratures requises dans le rĂ©acteur Ă©taient trop Ă©levĂ©es. Comme alternative, nous avons effectuĂ© une Ă©vaporation sous ultravide de Cu Ă  tempĂ©rature ambiante, conduisant Ă  une diffusion des atomes en phase gazeuse sans Ă©nergie cinĂ©tique. Les processus d'adsorption et de diffusion sont donc plus proches des conditions thermodynamiques associĂ©es aux calculs. Un protocole expĂ©rimental a Ă©tĂ© mis en place afin de crĂ©er une surface polymĂšre chimiquement homogĂšne prĂ©sentant une faible rugositĂ©. Le polymĂšre obtenu a Ă©tĂ© caractĂ©risĂ© (i) par spectroscopie infrarouge Ă  transformĂ©e de Fourier, pour dĂ©terminer le taux de polymĂ©risation (supĂ©rieur Ă  90%), (ii) par calorimĂ©trie diffĂ©rentielle Ă  balayage pour obtenir la tempĂ©rature de transition vitreuse (Tg) ( 118,1 °C), (iii) par microscopie Ă  force atomique (AFM) pour estimer la rugositĂ© de la surface (Ra ˜ 1 nm), et (iv) par spectroscopie de photoĂ©lectrons X (XPS) pour caractĂ©riser les liaisons chimiques de surface. La surface de polymĂšre a ensuite Ă©tĂ© mĂ©tallisĂ©e. GrĂące Ă  des analyses AFM, l'Ă©paisseur du film mince a Ă©tĂ© estimĂ©e Ă  6 nm. Nous avons ensuite utilisĂ© l'XPS pour caractĂ©riser les liaisons interfaciales Cu / Poly-Ă©poxy. Nous avons dĂ©duit de l'interprĂ©tation des spectres XPS que le Cu est adsorbĂ© prĂ©fĂ©rentiellement sur un atome d'oxygĂšne spĂ©cifique du polymĂšre. Pour identifier clairement ces sites d'adsorption de Cu, nous avons ensuite simulĂ© les spectres XPS du polymĂšre non revĂȘtu, par des calculs quantiques, en utilisant un modĂšle molĂ©culaire (dimĂšre : 1 molĂ©cule de DGEBA liĂ©e Ă  1 molĂ©cule d'EDA). Les mĂ©thodes Hartree-Fock (HF) et de la thĂ©orie de la fonctionnelle de la densitĂ© (DFT) nous ont permis de simuler des spectres XPS pour la surface nue, en prenant en compte les effets d'Ă©tat final et initial. GrĂące Ă  ces rĂ©sultats, nous avons pu dĂ©composer le spectre expĂ©rimental en 8 contributions, ce qui conduit Ă  des rĂ©sultats beaucoup plus prĂ©cis que les rĂ©sultats habituels obtenus par l'utilisation exclusive des expĂ©riences et de la littĂ©rature. Nous avons ensuite effectuĂ© des simulations de dynamique molĂ©culaire classique (MD) pour passer d'un modĂšle molĂ©culaire (dimĂšre) Ă  un modĂšle de polymĂšre amorphe. Nous avons utilisĂ© le champ de force Amber gĂ©nĂ©ralisĂ© (GAFF) et nous avons dĂ©veloppĂ© un code de rĂ©ticulation des molĂ©cules de monomĂšres. Le systĂšme initial Ă©tait un mĂ©lange stƓchiomĂ©trique de molĂ©cules DGEBA et EDA qui a Ă©tĂ© Ă©quilibrĂ© Ă  700K. Lorsque l'Ă©quilibre a Ă©tĂ© atteint, certaines propriĂ©tĂ©s structurales (par exemple, la distribution des liaisons) ont Ă©tĂ© extraites des simulations NPT. À partir de ce mĂ©lange liquide de monomĂšres, notre code de rĂ©ticulation a identifiĂ© et reliĂ© les atomes rĂ©actifs (Ă  une distance interatomique prĂ©dĂ©finie < 3 Å). AprĂšs chaque Ă©tape de polymĂ©risation, le systĂšme a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©Ă©quilibrĂ© Ă  700K (simulations NPT). AprĂšs plusieurs cycles de rĂ©ticulation/simulation de dynamique molĂ©culaire, nous avons pu atteindre un taux de polymĂ©risation de 93% et la fonction de distribution radiale (RDF), la masse volumique (1.115 Ă  300K) et la tempĂ©rature de transition vitreuse Tg (115,5 °C) ont Ă©tĂ© calculĂ©es. La Tg est en accord avec la valeur expĂ©rimentale de 118,1 °C, validant notre approche numĂ©rique pour dĂ©velopper un modĂšle pour les polymĂšres poly-Ă©poxy.Metallization of polymer surfaces can lead to the substitution of metallic components. Polymers have lower densities and limited chemical reactivity, making them ideal candidates for the space applications. Through experiments and calculations, we studied the fundamental mechanisms of surface metallization of a poly-epoxy polymer (DGEBA/EDA). The objective of our study was to develop a non-empirical model that could take into account the mechanisms governing the nucleation and growth of thin metal films. Our group has a long experience in chemical vapor deposition, CVD, and metallization of polymer composites. But we did not applied CVD at first because of the high temperatures required in the reactor. We alternatively used ultrahigh vacuum evaporation of Cu at ambient temperature. Therefore, we make sure that atoms diffuse in the gas phase without kinetic energy. Adsorption and diffusion processes are thus closer to thermodynamic conditions that prevails in calculations. An experimental protocol was refined in order to create a chemically homogeneous polymer surface with a low roughness (Ra<1nm). The bulk and the surface of the pristine polymer were characterized (i) by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, to determine the polymerization rate (above 90%), (ii) by differential scanning calorimetry in order to obtain the glass transition temperature (Tg) (118.1 °C), (iii) by atomic force microscopy (AFM) to calculate surface roughness (Ra ˜ 1 nm), and (iv) by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to characterize surface chemical bonding. The surface was then metallized. Through AFM, the thickness of the thin film was estimated at 6 nm. We then used XPS to characterize the Cu/Poly-epoxy interfacial bonding. We deduced that Cu adsorbed preferentially on a specific oxygen atom of the polymer. To clearly identify this Cu adsorption site, we further simulated the XPS spectra of our clean or metallized polymer by quantum calculations, using a dimer model (1 molecule of DGEBA connected to 1 molecule of EDA). In the Hartree-Fock (HF) and Density Functional Theory (DFT) framework, we first simulated the XPS spectra for the pristine surface taking into account initial and final state effects. Thanks to these results, we were able to analyze the experimental spectrum with 8 contributions, leading to much more accurate results than the usual results obtained by the exclusive use of experiments and literature. We then performed classical Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations to move from a dimer model to an amorphous polymer model. We used the general Amber force field (GAFF) and we developed a code to mimic the reticulation of monomers molecules. We started from a stoichiometric mixture of DGEBA and EDA molecules. When equilibration was reached, structural properties at 700K (e.g. distribution of bonds) were extracted from the results of the NPT simulations. From this melt of monomers, the homemade reticulation code identified and connected reactive atoms (at a pre-defined inter-atomic distance < 3Å). After each step of polymerization, the system was equilibrated at 700K (NPT simulations). After multiple reticulation/MD cycles we could achieve a polymerization rate of 93% and the Radial Distribution Function (RDF), the density and the glass transition temperature Tg were calculated. The value of the computed density was 1.115 at 300K and the calculated Tg (115.5 °C) was in good agreement with the experimental Tg of 118.1 °C, validating our numerical approach to develop a model for poly-epoxies

    Autoantibodies against type I IFNs in humans with alternative NF-ÎșB pathway deficiency

    Get PDF
    • 

    corecore