Two matrix group algorithms with applications to computing the automorphism group of a finite p-group

A theoretical description of an algorithm to determine the automorphism group of a finite p-group P was first given by Newman. Implementations of this algorithm with substantial improvements by O’Brien are available in GAP and Magma. The original algorithm, starting with the Frattini quotient V = P/$(P), computes recursively the automorphism group G of the quotient Q of P by successive terms of the lower p-central series of P. Thus the first step returns - G = GL(V). . The heart of the algorithm is the computation of the subgroup of G that normalises a certain subspace of the p-multiplicator M of Q. A refinement in the algorithm replaces G by a subgroup H that normalises certain subspaces of V corresponding to heuristically determined characteristic subgroups of P. In this thesis we describe and give the GAP3 code for two substantial improvements to the algorithm. The first improvement is an algorithm that returns a generating set for the stabiliser in GL(V) of any given sequence of subspaces of a finite dimensional vector space V over any finite field. This is an algorithm of independent interest, as the intersection problem for subgroups of GL(d,pn) is both important and hard. In the algorithm for computing the automorphism group of the p-group P this intersection algorithm is used to compute the precise subgroup K of GL(V) that stabilises the given sequence of subspaces rather than the over-group H of K currently computed. The theoretical basis for the intersection algorithm is a new Galois correspondence between lattices of subspaces of V and subgroups of GL(V). The basic computational tool is the ‘meataxe’ algorithm. As a second contribution, we give an efficient algorithm to compute a canonical form for a subspace U of M under the action of a p-subgroup G of GL(M), and also to compute generators for the subgroup of G that normalises U. Here ‘efficient’ means ‘polynomial in the size of the input’, and M can be any finite dimensional vector space over GF{p). This is important as the kernel of the action of G on V is a p-group; and G itself is often a p-group

BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF PELAGIC LONGLINE CAUGTH SPECIES IN WINTER 2001 OFF SOUTH BRAZIL

O presente trabalho descreve aspectos da biologia das espécies capturadas com espinhel pelágico na região oceânica frente ao Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, cobrindo a área entre 30ºS e 35ºS. Os resultados indicam o uso da área como possível sítio de alimentação para grandes predadores pelágicos como tubarões, espadartes e atuns. Os dados indicam ainda a área como um local utilizado por fêmeas de tubarão-azul Prionace glauca para o parto.The present work describes biological aspects of species caught with pelagic longline off Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, between 30ºS to 35ºS. Results point this area as a possible feeding ground of pelagic predators like sharks, swordfish and tunas. Data revealed this area as a parturition location for females blue sharks Prionace glauca

DESCRIPTION AND ANALYSIS OF THE TEMPORAL VARIATION OF THE PURSE-SEINE FLEET OPERATION IN ITAJAÍ HARBOR, BRAZIL, BETWEEN 1997 AND 1999.

A principal frota que desembarca no porto pesqueiro de Itajaí, SC, é a frota de traineiras, a qual representa 30% do peso dos desembarques. Essa frota tem como espécie-alvo a sardinhaverdadeira (Sardinella brasiliensis). O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever e analisar as variações temporais da operação de pesca da frota de traineiras entre 1997 e 1999. Os aspectos analisados foram: (1) descrição da frota através do comprimento dos barcos, potência do motor, número de tripulantes, tipo de casco e conservação, capacidade do porão e comprimento e altura da rede de cerco; e (2) variação temporal da operação de pesca através do número de lances por viagem, tempo de duração dos lances, número de dias no mar por viagem, número de dias de pesca por viagem e tempo de procura. No período analisado foram obtidos um total de 797 registros. De forma geral, a descrição da frota indica que houve um aumento do poder de pesca nos últimos 10 anos, apesar da redução do número de barcos. Por outro lado, as características da operação de pesca foram relacionadas com as flutuações na disponibilidade da espécie-alvo.xThe main fishing fleet that lands in Itajaí harbor, Brazil, is the purse-seine one, which represents 30% of the landed weight. This fleet has as target species the Brazilian sardine (Sardinella brasiliensis). The objective of this work is to describe and to analyze the temporal variations of the fishing operation of the purse-seiners between 1997 and 1999. The analyzed aspects were: (1) description of the fleet using the ships length, motor power, crew size, skull and conservation type, hold capacity, and net’s length and height; and (2) temporal variation of the fishing operation using number of tows per trip, time and duration of tows, number of days at sea per trip, number of fishing days per trip and searching time of schools. In the analyzed period, a total of 797 records were obtained. In general, the fleet description indicated that there was an increase of the fishing power in the last 10 years, in spite of the reduction of the number of ships. On the other hand, the results suggest that the characteristics of the fishing operation are related with the oscillations of the target species availability

Potencial produtivo de sorgo sacarino em dois solos e épocas de semeadura.

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Effects of single-dose antipurinergic therapy on behavioral and molecular alterations in the valproic acid-induced animal model of autism

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by deficits in communication and social interaction, restricted interests, and stereotyped behavior. Environmental factors, such as prenatal exposure to valproic acid (VPA), may contribute to the increased risk of ASD. Since disturbed functioning of the purinergic system has been associated with the onset of ASD and used as a potential therapeutic target for ASD in both clinical and preclinical studies, we analyzed the effects of suramin, a non-selective purinergic antagonist, on behavioral, molecular and immunological in an animal model of autism induced by prenatal exposure to VPA. Treatment with suramin (20 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) restored sociability in the three-chamber apparatus and decreased anxiety measured by elevated plus maze apparatus, but had no impact on decreased reciprocal social interactions or higher nociceptive threshold in VPA rats. Suramin treatment had no impact on VPA-induced upregulation of P2X4 and P2Y2 in hippocampus, and P2X4 in medial prefrontal cortex, but normalized an increased level of interleukin 6 (IL-6). Our results suggest an important role of purinergic modulation in behavioral, molecular, and immunological aberrations described in VPA model, and suggest that purinergic system might be a potential target for pharmacotherapy in preclinical studies of ASD

Cyclodextrin/cellulose hydrogel with gallic acid to prevent wound infection

Cyclodextrin-based hydrogels have been described as suitable for the controlled-release of bioactive molecules to be used as wound dressing. These materials have major advantages, since they gather the hydrogel properties (high degree of swelling and easy manipulation) and the encapsulation ability of cyclodextrins. β-cyclodextrin (β) or hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβ) was cross-linked (1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether) with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose under mild conditions. The hydrogels were chemically characterized by swelling degree, FTIR, DSC and contact angle. The gallic acid loading and release was also analysed, as well the antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of the polymeric networks. The hydrogels obtained were firm and transparent, with good swelling ability. The gel-HPβ had a surface more hydrophilic when compared with the gel-β. Nevertheless, both hydrogels were capable to incorporate gallic acid and sustain the release for 48 h. The antibacterial activity of gallic acid was maintained after its adsorption within the polymeric matrix, as well as, gallic acid effect on fibroblast proliferation. Therefore, gel-β and gel-HPβ conjugated with gallic acid were shown to be a viable option for antibacterial wound dressing.The authors thank the FCT Strategic Projects PEst-OE/EQB/LA0023/2013, PEst-C/CTM/UI0264/2011, the Project "BioHealth-Biotechnology and Bioengineering approaches to improve health quality'', Ref. NORTE-07-0124-FEDER-000027, co-funded by the Programa Operacional Regional doNorte (ON.2-ONovoNorte), QREN, FEDER, and E. Pinho grant (SFRH/BD/62665/2009)

Comitê Local de Gestão Ambiental - CLGA.

Projeto/Plano de Ação: 11.11.11.111