On the benefit of ∈-efficient solutions in multi objective space mission design

In this work we consider multi-objective space mission design problems. We will show that it makes sense from the practical point of view to consider in addition to the (Pareto) optimal solutions also nearly optimal ones since this increases significantly the number of options for the decision maker, whereas the possible loss of such approximate solutions compared to optimal - and possibly even 'better' - ones is dispensable. For this, we will examine several typical problems in space trajectory design - a bi-impulsive transfer from the Earth to the asteroid Apophis and several low-thrust multi-gravity assist transfers - and demonstrate the possible benefit of the novel approach. Further, we will present an evolutionary multi-objective algorithm which is designed for this purpose

Post-Pandemic Urbanism: Criteria for a New Normal

Globalization, tourism, virtuality, climate change, and the explosive growth of cities have generated a wide range of stressors, pollutants, and toxins that have been ravaging populations. This, coupled with viral, bacterial, and other pandemics, is rapidly creating a new reality that requires public health factors to be integrated more thoroughly into the planning and design of city regions. This prompts a questioning of the role and form of city centers as well as the distribution of people and activities in city regions. This goes beyond more outdoor spaces, places, and activities and new criteria for indoor events. Moreover, public transport, mobility, and infrastructure in general need to be retooled to deal with these emergent circumstances

Should Patients with High‐Risk Soft Tissue Sarcoma Receive Adjuvant Chemotherapy?

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/139941/1/onco1003.pd

Selection of Response Criteria for Clinical Trials of Sarcoma Treatment

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/139995/1/onco0032.pd

Factors affecting the successful implementation of a digital intervention for health financing in a low-resource setting at scale: semistructured interview study with health care workers and management staff

BACKGROUND: Digital interventions for health financing, if implemented at scale, have the potential to improve health system performance by reducing transaction costs and improving data-driven decision-making. However, many interventions never reach sustainability, and evidence on success factors for scale is scarce. The Insurance Management Information System (IMIS) is a digital intervention for health financing, designed to manage an insurance scheme and already implemented on a national scale in Tanzania. A previous study found that the IMIS claim function was poorly adopted by health care workers (HCWs), questioning its potential to enable strategic purchasing and succeed at scale. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to understand why the adoption of the IMIS claim function by HCWs remained low in Tanzania and to assess implications for use at scale. METHODS: We conducted 21 semistructured interviews with HCWs and management staff in 4 districts where IMIS was first implemented. We sampled respondents by using a maximum variation strategy. We used the framework method for data analysis, applying a combination of inductive and deductive coding to organize codes in a socioecological model. Finally, we related emerging themes to a framework for digital health interventions for scale. RESULTS: Respondents appreciated IMIS's intrinsic software characteristics and technical factors and acknowledged IMIS as a valuable tool to simplify claim management. Human factors, extrinsic ecosystem, and health care ecosystem were considered as barriers to widespread adoption. CONCLUSIONS: Digital interventions for health financing, such as IMIS, may have the potential for scale if careful consideration is given to the environment in which they are placed. Without a sustainable health financing environment, sufficient infrastructure, and human capacity, they cannot unfold their full potential to improve health financing functions and ultimately contribute to universal health coverage

Solar Panel Integration as an Alternate Power Source on Centaur 2 (SPIAPS)

The dream of exploration has inspired thousands throughout time. Space exploration, in particular, has taken the past century by storm and caused a great advance in technology. In this project, a retractable solar panel array will be developed for use on the Centaur 2 Rover. Energy generated by the solar panels will go to power the Centaur 2 Robot (C2) or Regolith & Environment Science & Oxygen & Lunar Volatile Extraction (RESOLVE) payload, an in-situ resource utilization project. Such payload is designed to drill into lunar and Martian terrain as well as be able to conduct other geological testing; RESOLVE is slated for testing in 2012. Ultimately, this project will fit into NASA s larger goal of deep space exploration as well as long term presence outside Earth s orbit

Development of dynamic submarine MV power cable design solutions for floating offshore renewable energy applications

This paper reviews approaches to design, modelling and testing of submarine dynamic power cables given the systems requirements for floating offshore renewable energy (ORE). It mainly focuses on the global loading regime and internal mechanical stress estimation in highly dynamic working conditions as well as the assessment of cable mechanical properties, strength and fatigue life