Incubation recess behaviors influence nest survival of Wild Turkeys

In ground nesting upland birds, reproductive activities contribute to elevated predation risk, so females presumably use multiple strategies to ensure nest success. Identification of drivers reducing predation risk has primarily focused on evaluating vegetative conditions at nest sites, but behavioral decisions manifested through movements during incubation may be additional drivers of nest survival. However, our understanding of how movements during incubation impact nest survival is limited for most ground nesting birds. Using GPS data collected from female Eastern Wild Turkeys (n = 206), we evaluated nest survival as it relates to movement behaviors during incubation, including recess frequency, distance traveled during recesses, and habitat selection during recess movements. We identified 9,361 movements off nests and 6,529 recess events based on approximately 62,065 hr of incubation data, and estimated mean nest attentiveness of 84.0%. The numbers of recesses taken daily were variable across females (range: 1-7). Nest survival modeling indicated that increased cumulative distance moved during recesses each day was the primary driver of positive daily nest survival. Our results suggest behavioral decisions are influencing trade-offs between nest survival and adult female survival during incubation to reduce predation risk, specifically through adjustments to distances traveled during recesses

Nature and preservation of Late Jurassic breakup-related volcanism in the carnarvon basin, North West shelf, Australia

Funding This work was funded through a postgraduate scholarship from the University of Adelaide, Faculty of Engineering Computer and Mathematical Sciences, and also by ASEG Research Foundation Grant no. RF19P01. These funding sources had no involvement in study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the article for publication. Acknowledgements We would like to thank Iain Campbell, formerly Chief Petroleum Geophysicist at the South Australian Department for Energy and Mining for arranging the stitching together of multiple SEGY component files for the Indian 3D seismic reflection survey which was instrumental for interpretation of the Toro Volcanic Complex. We would also like to thank both Simon Lang and particularly Victorien Paumard of the Centre for Energy Geoscience, University of Western Australia, for numerous discussions around the development of the Barrow Delta in the Exmouth Sub-Basin and Exmouth Plateau. We thank Tiago Alves for editorial guidance, and the constructive reviews provided by Victorien Paumard, Natasha Stanton, Gerome Calves, Chris Elders, Kamaldeen Omosanya and one anonymous referee.Peer reviewe

Seismic wave propagation around subsurface igneous sill complexes

Acknowledgements This work was undertaken during O.G.S’s PhD at Durham University, funded by Eni through the Volcanic Margins Research Consortium (Phase 2). Seismic modelling was performed using the open source SOFI2D (Bohlen 2002) and post-processed using Seismic Un*x (Stockwell & Cohen 2012). Figures were prepared using the open source Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) (Wessel & Smith W. H. F. 1998) and Seismic Un*x. Zoeppritz amplitude coefficients were calculated using the CREWES Matlab toolbox of the University of Calgary (Margrave and Lamoureux 2019). This work made use of the facilities of the Hamilton HPC Service of Durham UniversityPeer reviewe

The glacial geomorphology of upper Godthåbsfjord (Nuup Kangerlua) in south-west Greenland

© 2018 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group on behalf of Journal of Maps. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.The Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) is known to have experienced widespread retreat over the last century. Information on outlet glacier dynamics, prior to this, are limited due to both a lack of observations and a paucity of mapped or mappable deglacial evidence which restricts our understanding of centennial to millennial timescale dynamics of the GrIS. Here we present glacial geomorphological mapping, for upper Godthåbsfjord, covering 5800 km 2 at a scale of 1:92,000, using a combination of ASTER GDEM V2, a medium-resolution DEM (error < 10 m horizontal and < 6 m vertical accuracy), panchromatic orthophotographs and ground truthing. This work provides a detailed geomorphological assessment for the area, compiled as a single map, comprising of moraines, meltwater channels, streamlined bedrock, sediment lineations, ice-dammed lakes, trimlines, terraces, gullied sediment and marine limits. Whilst some of the landforms have been previously identified, the new information presented here improves our understanding of ice margin behaviour and can be used for future numerical modelling and landform dating programmes. Data also form the basis for palaeoglaciological reconstructions and contribute towards understanding of the centennial to millennial timescale record of this sector of the GrIS.Peer reviewedFinal Published versio

New insights on the origin of Barra Volcanic Ridge System, offshore Ireland : a long distance influence of the Iceland mantle plume

Acknowledgements This project was funded by the Irish Centre for Research in Applied Geosciences (iCRAG), Science Foundation Ireland (SFI), Irish Shelf and Petroleum Studies Group (ISPSG) of the Petroleum Infrastructure Programme (PiP) and Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies (DIAS). This publication uses data and survey results acquired during a project undertaken on behalf of the Irish Shelf Petroleum Studies Group (ISPSG) of the Irish Petroleum Infrastructure programme Group 4. The ISPSG comprises: AzEire Petroleum Ltd, Cairn Energy Plc, BP Exploration Operating Company Ltd, CNOOC Petroleum Europe Limited, ENI Ireland BV, Equinor Energy Ireland Limited, Europa Oil & Gas Plc, ExxonMobil E&P Ireland (Offshore) Ltd, Husky Energy, Petroleum Affairs Division of the Department of Communications, Climate Action and Environment, Providence Resources plc, Repsol Exploración SA, Sosina Exploration Ltd, Total EP, Tullow Oil Plc and Woodside Energy (Ireland) Pty Ltd. processing is done by using ECHOS software from Paradigm. We are very thankful to Dr. J. Kim Welford for providing us with the 3D Moho map of Irelands offshore. We acknowledge the Geological Survey Ireland and the Marine Institute (INFOMAR), for providing the data for this work. We also acknowledge Schlumberger for providing an academic license of Petrel software for this study. SR further acknowledges research funding from Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) and PIP. This publication derives from research supported in part by a research grant from SFI under Grant Number 13/RC/2092 and co-funded under the European Regional Development Fund and by iCRAG industry partners. Sincere thanks to Tim Minshul, Laurent Gernigon and a third reviewer for providing helpful reviews and insightful comments on the paper, which greatly improved the quality of the manuscript.Peer reviewe

Geology and Petroleum Prospectivity of the Sea of Hebrides Basin and Minch Basin, Offshore Northwest Scotland

Funding: This work was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (RG12649-12). Acknowledgements: The work contained in this paper contains work conducted during a PhD study undertaken as part of the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Centre for Doctoral Training (CDT) in Oil and Gas. We are also grateful to IHS Markit for provision of, and permission to publish examples from, their 2D seismic data volumes and gravity and magnetics database, and to Schlumberger for their donation of Petrel seismic interpretation software licences to Aberdeen University. We also thank Geognostics for the kind permission to use the Frogtech Geoscience, 2016 depth to basement map (SEEBASE) of offshore northwest Scotland. We acknowledge the UKOilandGasData.com website, owned by UK National Data Repository administered by Schlumberger, for access to the seismic data volumes and released UK well database. We are also grateful to the UK National Onshore Data Library who kindly provided seismic data (UKOGL request 100891 and 100890) to the University of Aberdeen. Dr. Iain Scotchman and Dr. Clayton Grove are thanked for constructive and helpful reviews, which have improved this paper. Laura-Jane would also like to personally thank the late Professor Bernard Owens, who passed away in July 2019, for his informative discussion on Carboniferous outliers along the west coast early on in her PhD. The views held within this paper do not necessarily represent the views of IHS Markit.Peer reviewedPostprin

PTEN protein phosphatase activity is not required for tumour suppression in the mouse prostate

Loss PTEN function is one of the most common events driving aggressive prostate cancers and biochemically, PTEN is a lipid phosphatase which opposes the activation of the oncogenic PI3K-AKT signalling network. However, PTEN also has additional potential mechanisms of action, including protein phosphatase activity. Using a mutant enzyme, PTEN Y138L, which selectively lacks protein phosphatase activity, we characterised genetically modified mice lacking either the full function of PTEN in the prostate gland or only lacking protein phosphatase activity. The phenotypes of mice carrying a single allele of either wild-type Pten or Pten(Y138L) in the prostate were similar, with common prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) and similar gene expression profiles. However, the latter group, lacking PTEN protein phosphatase activity additionally showed lymphocyte infiltration around PIN and an increased immune cell gene expression signature. Prostate adenocarcinoma, elevated proliferation and AKT activation were only frequently observed when PTEN was fully deleted. We also identify a common gene expression signature of PTEN loss conserved in other studies (including Nkx3.1, Tnf and Cd44). We provide further insight into tumour development in the prostate driven by loss of PTEN function and show that PTEN protein phosphatase activity is not required for tumour suppression

Spring–summer net community production, new production, particle export and related water column biogeochemical processes in the marginal sea ice zone of the Western Antarctic Peninsula 2012–2014

New production (New P, the rate of net primary production (NPP) supported by exogenously supplied limiting nutrients) and net community production (NCP, gross primary production not consumed by community respiration) are closely related but mechanistically distinct processes. They set the carbon balance in the upper ocean and define an upper limit for export from the system. The relationships, relative magnitudes and variability of New P (from 15NO3– uptake), O2 : argon-based NCP and sinking particle export (based on the 238U : 234Th disequilibrium) are increasingly well documented but still not clearly understood. This is especially true in remote regions such as polar marginal ice zones. Here we present a 3-year dataset of simultaneous measurements made at approximately 50 stations along the Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) continental shelf in midsummer (January) 2012–2014. Net seasonal-scale changes in water column inventories (0–150 m) of nitrate and iodide were also estimated at the same stations. The average daily rates based on inventory changes exceeded the shorter-term rate measurements. A major uncertainty in the relative magnitude of the inventory estimates is specifying the start of the growing season following sea-ice retreat. New P and NCP(O2) did not differ significantly. New P and NCP(O2) were significantly greater than sinking particle export from thorium-234. We suggest this is a persistent and systematic imbalance and that other processes such as vertical mixing and advection of suspended particles are important export pathways

Evidence for a unitary structure of spatial cognition beyond general intelligence

Performance in everyday spatial orientation tasks (e.g. map reading and navigation) has been considered functionally separate from performance on more abstract object-based spatial abilities (e.g. mental rotation and visualization). However, evidence remains scarce and unsystematic. With a novel gamified battery, we assessed six tests of spatial orientation in a virtual environment and examined their association with ten object-based spatial tests, as well as their links to general cognitive ability (g). We further estimated the role of genetic and environmental factors in underlying variation and covariation in these spatial tests. Participants (N = 2,660) were part of the Twins Early Development Study, aged 19 to 22. The 6 tests of spatial orientation clustered into a single ‘Navigation’ factor that was 64% heritable. Examining the structure of spatial ability across all 16 tests, three factors emerged: Navigation, Object Manipulation and Visualization. These, in turn, loaded strongly onto a general factor of Spatial Ability, which was highly heritable (84%). A large portion (45%) of this high heritability was independent of g. The results from this most comprehensive investigation of spatial abilities to date point towards the existence of a common genetic network that supports all spatial abilities