Prostitution et sexualité à Athènes à l’époque classique. Autour des ouvrages de James N. Davidson (Courtesans and Fishcakes. The Consuming Passions of Classical Athens, 1997) et d’Elke Hartmann (Heirat, Hetärentum und Konkubinat im klassischen Athen, 2002)

À des « antiquisants » séduits par les publications de K. J. Dover, de P. Veyne et de E. Cantarella, à un lectorat pétri des travaux de M. Foucault, l’ouvrage de J. D. Davidson propose une autre « histoire des plaisirs » dans la démocratique Athènes, une approche plus complexe et plus souple parce qu’elle entend se dégager de l’opposition prégnante entre sexualité active et sexualité passive. Sa lecture est d’autant plus passionnante que l’ouvrage plus récent de F. Dupont et T. Eloy - L’Érotisme masculin dans la Rome antique - invite, lui aussi, à réfléchir sur ce que l’auteur appelle « la théorie du phallus ».To historians of the Antique world, seduced by the works of K.J. Dover, P. Veyne and E. Cantarella, and to readers of M. Foucault, J.D. Davidson’s book suggests a new “ history of pleasure ” in democratic Athens. It provides a more complex and more flexible approach by getting rid of the prevailing opposition between active and passive sexuality. Its reading is all the more fascinating that the most recent book of F. Dupont and T. Eloy - Masculine Eroticism in Antique Rome - also invites us to think over what the author calls « the phallus theory »

Acessibilidade para portadores de necessidades especiais no centro histórico da cidade de Itá – SC

The objetct of this reserch is analize methods, rows and alternatives to sloction or minimaze the problems of deficiente or reduction mobilite people daily, on the public streets and the comercial edification acess in the citytown of Itá-SC. About method classification the work is a indoctive method. The reserche level classificaton is na exploratory research. The techniques used are classified as: field study. The instruments used for the DADOS of collection are defined as being: photographs, observation and interviews. The target population delimited for this study covers the observation circulation places of the municipality Itá people, while, the sample is delimited in the main history center buildings of Itá. The sample for this study is classified as non-probabilistic, delimeted as intentional. The FOCUS for this DADOS analysis and interpretation study, was defined as qualitative research, been as contente analysis goal. This way, the main results obtained, are related of the daily life population requires special conditions for locomotion Itá. Being was constated in this 09 (nine) main Historic Center buildings someone of irregularities about ABNT/NBR 9050 (2015) accessibility rows were found. However, it was verified the most population, (represented by 20 (twenty) interviews city habitants), is satisfied with the accessibility in the municipality, which is contrary of techinal studies obtained and based of the norm, and still show the lack knowledge of inhabitants on the subjetct.O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar métodos, normas e alternativas para solucionar ou minimizar os problemas do cotidiano de pessoas com deficiência ou mobilidade reduzida, nas vias públicas e no acesso as edificações comerciais do Centro Histórico de Itá - SC. Quanto a classificação metodológica o trabalho enquadra-se como método indutivo. A classificação do nível da pesquisa enquadra-se como pesquisa exploratória. As técnicas utilizadas classificam-se quanto ao delineamento como: estudo de campo. Os instrumentos utilizados para a coleta de dados são definidos como sendo: fotografias, observação e entrevistas. A população alvo delimitada para este estudo abrange os locais de circulação de pessoas do município de Itá, enquanto, que a amostra se delimita nas principais edificações do Centro Histórico de Itá. A amostra para este estudo classifica-se como não probabilística, sendo delimitada como intencional. O enfoque do estudo para análise e interpretação dos dados, foi definido como pesquisa qualitativa, tendo como objetivo a análise de conteúdo. Desse modo, os principais resultados obtidos, estão ligados ao cotidiano da população de Itá que necessita de condições especiais para locomoção. Sendo que foram constatados nas 09 (nove) principais edificações do Centro Histórico algum tipo de irregularidade com relação a norma de acessibilidade ABNT/NBR 9050 (2015). Porém, constatou-se também, que a maioria da população, (representada pelos 20 (vinte) moradores da cidade entrevistados), está satisfeita com a acessibilidade no município o que contraria os estudos técnicos obtidos e baseados na norma, e ainda, demonstra a falta de conhecimento dos habitantes a respeito do assunto

Calcium Alginate Gels as Stem Cell Matrix - Making Paracrine Stem Cell Activity Available for Enhanced Healing after Surgery

Regeneration after surgery can be improved by the administration of anabolic growth factors. However, to locally maintain these factors at the site of regeneration is problematic. The aim of this study was to develop a matrix system containing human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) which can be applied to the surgical site and allows the secretion of endogenous healing factors from the cells. Calcium alginate gels were prepared by a combination of internal and external gelation. The gelling behaviour, mechanical stability, surface adhesive properties and injectability of the gels were investigated. The permeability of the gels for growth factors was analysed using bovine serum albumin and lysozyme as model proteins. Human MSCs were isolated, cultivated and seeded into the alginate gels. Cell viability was determined by AlamarBlue assay and fluorescence microscopy. The release of human VEGF and bFGF from the cells was determined using an enzyme-linked immunoassay. Gels with sufficient mechanical properties were prepared which remained injectable through a syringe and solidified in a sufficient time frame after application. Surface adhesion was improved by the addition of polyethylene glycol 300, 000 and hyaluronic acid. Humans MSCs remained viable for the duration of 6 weeks within the gels. Human VEGF and bFGF was found in quantifiable concentrations in cell culture supernatants of gels loaded with MSCs and incubated for a period of 6 weeks. This work shows that calcium alginate gels can function as immobilization matrices for human MSCs

Calcium Alginate Gels as Stem Cell Matrix - Making Paracrine Stem Cell Activity Available for Enhanced Healing after Surgery

Regeneration after surgery can be improved by the administration of anabolic growth factors. However, to locally maintain these factors at the site of regeneration is problematic. The aim of this study was to develop a matrix system containing human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) which can be applied to the surgical site and allows the secretion of endogenous healing factors from the cells. Calcium alginate gels were prepared by a combination of internal and external gelation. The gelling behaviour, mechanical stability, surface adhesive properties and injectability of the gels were investigated. The permeability of the gels for growth factors was analysed using bovine serum albumin and lysozyme as model proteins. Human MSCs were isolated, cultivated and seeded into the alginate gels. Cell viability was determined by AlamarBlue assay and fluorescence microscopy. The release of human VEGF and bFGF from the cells was determined using an enzyme-linked immunoassay. Gels with sufficient mechanical properties were prepared which remained injectable through a syringe and solidified in a sufficient time frame after application. Surface adhesion was improved by the addition of polyethylene glycol 300, 000 and hyaluronic acid. Humans MSCs remained viable for the duration of 6 weeks within the gels. Human VEGF and bFGF was found in quantifiable concentrations in cell culture supernatants of gels loaded with MSCs and incubated for a period of 6 weeks. This work shows that calcium alginate gels can function as immobilization matrices for human MSCs

NAP1L1-MLLT10 is a rare recurrent translocation that is associated with HOXA activation and poor treatment response in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

International audienceno abstrac

Five distinct biological processes and 14 differentially expressed genes characterize TEL/AML1-positive leukemia

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The t(12;21)(p13;q22) translocation is found in 20 to 25% of cases of childhood B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). This rearrangement results in the fusion of <it>ETV6 </it>(<it>TEL</it>) and <it>RUNX1 </it>(<it>AML1</it>) genes and defines a relatively uniform category, although only some patients suffer very late relapse. <it>TEL/AML1</it>-positive patients are thus an interesting subgroup to study, and such studies should elucidate the biological processes underlying TEL/AML1 pathogenesis. We report an analysis of gene expression in 60 children with B-lineage ALL using Agilent whole genome oligo-chips (44K-G4112A) and/or real time RT-PCR.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We compared the leukemia cell gene expression profiles of 16 <it>TEL/AML1</it>-positive ALL patients to those of 44 <it>TEL/AML1</it>-negative patients, whose blast cells did not contain any additional recurrent translocation. Microarray analyses of 26 samples allowed the identification of genes differentially expressed between the TEL/AML1-positive and negative ALL groups. Gene enrichment analysis defined five enriched GO categories: cell differentiation, cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell motility and response to wounding, associated with 14 genes -<it>RUNX1, TCFL5, TNFRSF7, CBFA2T3</it>, <it>CD9</it>, <it>SCARB1, TP53INP1, ACVR1C, PIK3C3, EGFL7</it>, <it>SEMA6A, CTGF, LSP1, TFPI </it>– highlighting the biology of the <it>TEL/AML1 </it>sub-group. These results were first confirmed by the analysis of an additional microarray data-set (7 patient samples) and second by real-time RT-PCR quantification and clustering using an independent set (27 patient samples). Over-expression of <it>RUNX1 (AML1) </it>was further investigated and in one third of the patients correlated with cytogenetic findings.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Gene expression analyses of leukemia cells from 60 children with <it>TEL/AML1</it>-positive and -negative B-lineage ALL led to the identification of five biological processes, associated with 14 validated genes characterizing and highlighting the biology of the <it>TEL/AML1</it>-positive ALL sub-group.</p

Impact of age, leukocyte count and day 21-bone marrow response to chemotherapy on the long-term outcome of children with philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the pre-imatinib era: results of the FRALLE 93 study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>We explored the heterogeneity of philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph1-ALL) in a study of the effect of early features on prognosis in children. Here we report the long-term results of the FRALLE 93 study conducted in the era before the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Between 1993 and 1999, 36 children with Ph1-ALL were enrolled into the FRALLE 93 protocol. After conventional four-drug induction, children were stratified by availability of an HLA-matched sibling.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Complete remission (CR) was observed in 26 children (72%), of which 13 underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Thirty-one children were good responders to prednisone, defined on day 8, and 21 were good responders to chemotherapy, defined by day-21 bone marrow (M1). Overall five-year disease-free survival (DFS) was 42 ± 9.7%. Based on multivariate analysis, two groups showed marked differences in five-year outcome: children with age<10, leukocyte count <100,000/mm³and day-21 M1 marrow had a more favorable prognosis (14 pts: 100% CR, event free survival [EFS]: 57%, overall survival [OS]: 79%), than the high-risk group (22 patients: 55% CR, EFS: 18%, OS: 27%) (p < 0.005). We also observed a non statistically significant difference (p = 0.14) in outcome between these groups for transplanted patients (5-year DFS: 83 ± 14% and 33 ± 15%, respectively).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Age, leukocyte count and early response to treatment defined by the D21 bone marrow response provide an accurate model for outcome prediction. The combination of available tools such as minimal residual disease assessment with determination of these simple factors could be useful for refining indications for BMT in the current era of tyrosine-kinase inhibitor-based therapy.</p

High Dose Thiotepa in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Osteosarcomas: Experience of the SFCE Group

Introduction. Osteosarcoma relapse has a poor prognosis, with less than 25% survival at 5 years. We describe the experience of the French Society of Paediatric Oncology (SFCE) with high dose (HD) thiotepa and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in 45 children with relapsed osteosarcoma. Patients and Methods. Between 1992 and 2004, 53 patients received HD thiotepa (900 mg/m(2)) followed by ASCT in 6 centres. Eight patients were excluded from analysis, and we retrospectively reviewed the clinical radiological and anatomopathological patterns of the 45 remaining patients. Results. Sixteen girls and 29 boys (median age, 15.9 years) received HD thiotepa after initial progression of metastatic disease (2), first relapse (26), and second or third relapse (17). We report 12 radiological partial responses and 9 of 31 histological complete responses. Thirty-two patients experienced further relapses, and 13 continued in complete remission after surgical resection of the residual disease. Three-year overall survival was 40%, and 3-year progression-free survival was 24%. Delay of relapse (+/− 2 years from diagnosis) was a prognostic factor (P = 0.011). No acute toxic serious adverse event occurred. Conclusion. The use of HD thiotepa and ASCT is feasible in patients with relapsed osteosarcoma. A randomized study for recurrent osteosarcoma between standard salvage chemotherapy and high dose thiotepa with stem cell rescue is ongoing

Clinical characteristics and prognosis of osteosarcoma in young children: a retrospective series of 15 cases

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone malignancy in childhood and adolescence. However, it is very rare in children under 5 years of age. Although studies in young children are limited in number, they all underline the high rate of amputation in this population, with conflicting results being recently reported regarding their prognosis.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>To enhance knowledge on the clinical characteristics and prognosis of osteosarcoma in young children, we reviewed the medical records and histology of all children diagnosed with osteosarcoma before the age of five years and treated in SFCE (Société Française des Cancers et leucémies de l'Enfant) centers between 1980 and 2007.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Fifteen patients from 7 centers were studied. Long bones were involved in 14 cases. Metastases were present at diagnosis in 40% of cases. The histologic type was osteoblastic in 74% of cases. Two patients had a relevant history. One child developed a second malignancy 13 years after osteosarcoma diagnosis.</p> <p>Thirteen children received preoperative chemotherapy including high-dose methotrexate, but only 36% had a good histologic response. Chemotherapy was well tolerated, apart from a case of severe late convulsive encephalopathy in a one-year-old infant. Limb salvage surgery was performed in six cases, with frequent mechanical and infectious complications and variable functional outcomes.</p> <p>Complete remission was obtained in 12 children, six of whom relapsed. With a median follow-up of 5 years, six patients were alive in remission, seven died of their disease (45%), in a broad range of 2 months to 8 years after diagnosis, two were lost to follow-up.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Osteosarcoma seems to be more aggressive in children under five years of age, and surgical management remains a challange.</p