14,826 research outputs found
Cross-Section Fluctuations in Chaotic Scattering
For the theoretical prediction of cross-section fluctuations in chaotic
scattering, the cross-section autocorrelation function is needed. That function
is not known analytically. Using experimental data and numerical simulations,
we show that an analytical approximation to the cross-section autocorrelation
function can be obtained with the help of expressions first derived by Davis
and Boose. Given the values of the average S-matrix elements and the mean level
density of the scattering system, one can then reliably predict cross-section
fluctuations
World Regional Scenarios Described with the 11R Model of Energy-Economy-Environment Interactions
Spirituality and Religiosity in Adolescents Living with Sickle Cell Disease
This study purports to address paucity in the literature regarding how adolescents with sickle cell disease (SCD) describe and experience spirituality and religiosity (S/R). This was a qualitative descriptive study. Two semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine adolescents (Mage = 16.2 years). Data were analyzed using a template analysis style and a concurrent analysis process of data reduction. Three major themes encompassed the participants’ descriptions of the relationships between S/R, health and illness in their lives including S/R as sources for coping, influence of S/R beliefs on health and illness, and sharing S/R with Health Care Providers (HCPs). S/R as coping mechanisms included six threads: interconnecting with God, interconnecting with others, interconnecting with creative arts, scriptural metanarratives, transcendent experiences, and acceptance and finding meaning. Expectations of health providers included two threads: Religiosity is private/personal and sharing spiritual and religious beliefs is risky. S/R are particularly salient for adolescents with SCD
From X-ray dips to eclipse: Witnessing disk reformation in the recurrent nova USco
The 10th recorded outburst of the recurrent eclipsing nova USco was observed
simultaneously in X-ray, UV, and optical by XMM-Newton on days 22.9 and 34.9
after outburst. Two full passages of the companion in front of the nova ejecta
were observed, witnessing the reformation of the accretion disk. On day 22.9,
we observed smooth eclipses in UV and optical but deep dips in the X-ray light
curve which disappeared by day 34.9, then yielding clean eclipses in all bands.
X-ray dips can be caused by clumpy absorbing material that intersects the line
of sight while moving along highly elliptical trajectories. Cold material from
the companion could explain the absence of dips in UV and optical light. The
disappearance of X-ray dips before day 34.9 implies significant progress in the
formation of the disk. The X-ray spectra contain photospheric continuum
emission plus strong emission lines, but no clear absorption lines. Both
continuum and emission lines in the X-ray spectra indicate a temperature
increase from day 22.9 to day 34.9. We find clear evidence in the spectra and
light curves for Thompson scattering of the photospheric emission from the
white dwarf. Photospheric absorption lines can be smeared out during scattering
in a plasma of fast electrons. We also find spectral signatures of resonant
line scattering that lead to the observation of the strong emission lines.
Their dominance could be a general phenomenon in high-inclination systems such
as Cal87.Comment: Submitted to ApJ. 16 pages, 16 figure
Redshifts and Luminosities for 112 Gamma Ray Bursts
Two different luminosity indicators have recently been proposed for Gamma Ray
Bursts that use gamma-ray observations alone. They relate the burst luminosity
(L) with the time lag between peaks in hard and soft energies, and the
spikiness or variability of the burst's light curve (V). These relations are
currently justified and calibrated with only 6 or 7 bursts with known red
shifts. We have examined BATSE data for the lag and V for 112 bursts. (1) A
strong correlation between the lag and V exists, and it is exactly as predicted
from the two proposed relations. This is proof that both luminosity indicators
are reliable. (2) GRB830801 is the all-time brightest burst, yet with a small V
and a large lag, and hence is likely the closest known event being perhaps as
close as 3.2 Mpc. (3) We have combined the luminosities as derived from both
indicators as a means to improve the statistical and systematic accuracy when
compared with the accuracy from either method alone. The result is a list of
112 bursts with good luminosities and hence red shifts. (4) The burst averaged
hardness ratio rises strongly with the luminosity of the burst. (5) The burst
luminosity function is a broken power law, with the break at L = 2x10^{52}
erg/s. The luminosity function has power law indices of -2.8+-0.2 above the
break and -1.7+-0.1 below the break. (6) The number density of GRBs varies with
red shift roughly as (1+z)^(2.5+-0.3) between 0.2<z<5. Excitingly, this result
also provides a measure of the star formation rate out to z~5 with no effects
from reddening, and the rate is rising uniformly for red shifts above 2.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures, submitted to ApJLet
Vertical laser beam propagation through the troposphere
The characteristics of the earth's atmosphere and its effects upon laser beams was investigated in a series of balloon borne, optical propagation experiments. These experiments were designed to simulate the space to ground laser link. An experiment to determine the amplitude fluctuation, commonly called scintillation, caused by the atmosphere was described
Symbolic Activities in Virtual Spaces
This paper presents an approach to combine concepts ofsymbolic acting and virtual storytelling with the support ofcooperative processes. We will motivate why symboliclanguages are relevant in the social context of awarenessapplications. We will describe different symbolicpresentations and illustrate their application in three differentprototypes
Exceptional Points in a Microwave Billiard with Time-Reversal Invariance Violation
We report on the experimental study of an exceptional point (EP) in a
dissipative microwave billiard with induced time-reversal invariance (T)
violation. The associated two-state Hamiltonian is non-Hermitian and
non-symmetric. It is determined experimentally on a narrow grid in a parameter
plane around the EP. At the EP the size of T violation is given by the relative
phase of the eigenvector components. The eigenvectors are adiabatically
transported around the EP, whereupon they gather geometric phases and in
addition geometric amplitudes different from unity
Empirical evidence for the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjectures for modular jacobians of genus 2 curves
This paper provides empirical evidence for the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjectures for modular Jacobians of genus 2 curves. The second of these conjectures relates six quantities associated to a Jacobian over the rational numbers. One of these six quantities is the size of the Shafarevich-Tate group. Unable to compute that, we computed the five other quantities and solved for the last one. In all 32 cases, the result is very close to an integer that is a power of 2. In addition, this power of 2 agrees with the size of the 2-torsion of the Shafarevich-Tate group, which we could compute
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