Gender analysis, scholarly productivity and collaboration of female university professors of Health Science in the Autonomous Region of Valencia (2003-2007)

[EN] The article presents an analysis of the scholarly output of female professors in the fi eld of Health Science in the Autonomous Region of Valencia from 2003 to 2007,through bibliometric techniques and the application of a gender variable. The work attempted to identify how many women became large producers of scholarly articles compared to those who did not reach the same levels of productivity and impact. A total of 3,739 articles were retrieved during this period and the gender of all authors with more than 2 articles was identifi ed. Of these authors 2,774 (60.41 %) were male and 1,818 (39.59 %) were female. Focusing solely on large producers, the percentage of women publishing more than 10 papers was reduced to 26.72 %. As regards to scientifi collaboration, it is significant to note that women are included in all clusters of at least 10 authors and in some cases their presence is comparable with that of men. Although women’s participation is lower than men’s in all areas of nowledge, it is noteworthy that in Health Sciences the difference is not as great as in other technical areas. Women’s contribution to the scientifi c fi eld is increasing, suggesting the possibility of a signifi cant improvement in gender parity in the coming years.[ES]Se presenta la producción científica de las profesoras universitarias en el área de las Ciencias de la Salud de la Comunitat Valenciana durante el quinquenio 2003-2007 aplicando técnicas bibliométricas y realizando un análisis de género con el fin de conocer cuántas llegan a ser grandes productoras de artículos científicos frente a las que no alcanzan estos niveles de productividad e impacto. Se han recuperado 3.739 artículos durante el período estudiado, identificando el género de todos los autores con más de 2 artículos. De estos autores, 2.774 (60,41 %) son hombres y 1.818 (39,59 %) son mujeres, pero si se analizan solamente a los grandes productores, las autoras con más de 10 trabajos únicamente llegan a ser el 26,72 %. Respecto a la colaboración científica hay que resaltar que las mujeres están presentes en todas las redes de al menos 10 autores y en algunos casos su presencia se equipara a la de los hombres. Pese a que la participación de la mujer en todas las áreas del conocimiento es inferior a los hombres, en las Ciencias de la Salud la proporción es menor que en otras áreas técnicas. La aportación de las mujeres al ámbito científico es cada vez mayor pudiendo alcanzar la paridad con el paso de los años.Peer reviewe

Maternal Deaths and Their Causes in Ankara,Turkey, 1982-2001

This study was carried out to determine the incidence and causes of maternal deaths about a 20-year period at the Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Research Hospital (ZTBWHERH), Ankara, Turkey. All maternal deaths from January 1982 to July 2001 were reviewed and classified retrospectively. Using a computer-generated list, 348 patients admitted to the Labour Department of ZTBWHERH during 1982-2001 were selected as controls. Medical records were reviewed for demographic data, history of antenatal care, route of delivery, referral history, and perinatal mortality. Cases and controls were compared, and standard tests were used for calculating odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the association of demographic and delivery characteristics. During this period, there were 174 maternal deaths and 430,559 livebirths, giving a maternal mortality ratio of 40.4/100,000 livebirths. The mortality rate declined from 85.1/100,000 in 1982 to 11.6/100,000 in 2001. One hundred thirty (74.7%) deaths were due to direct obstetric causes and 24 (13.7%) were abortion- related, while 20 (11.4%) were due to indirect obstetric causes. The most common cause of direct obstetric deaths was pre-eclampsia/eclampsia, followed by obstetric haemorrhage and embolism. Abortion-related sepsis and haemorrhage, anesthesia-related deaths, obstetric sepsis, acute fatty liver of pregnancy, and ectopic pregnancy accounted for other causes of deaths. Cardiovascular disease was the leading indirect cause of death. Referral, lack of antenatal care, and foetal death at admittance were associated with 8-, 3-, and 6-fold increased risk of maternal mortality respectively (OR 8.89, 95% CI 5.7- 13.8; OR 3.74, 95% CI 2.5-5.5; OR 6.38, 95% CI 3.1-13.1). Although maternal mortality ratios have declined at the hospital, especially in the past five years, the rate is still high, and further improvements are needed. The problem of maternal mortality remains multifactorial. Short-term objectives should be focused on improving both medical and administrative practices. Improving the status of women will necessarily remain a long-term objective

Associations between mstn/haeiii polymorphism and reproductive and growth characteristics in morkaraman sheep

The myostatin gene inhibits skeletal muscle growth in advanced animals, and a mutation in the gene coding region increases muscle formation. Hence, it is accepted to be a candidate gene for the selection of some production traits. The objective of the current research was to examine the genotypes of the myostatin gene and reveal the associations between the genotypes and a number of traits, including birth weight, weaning weight, weaning age, average daily weight gain, and productivity, in 110 Morkaraman sheep. Genotypes were determined by the PCR-RFLP method using the HaeIII restriction enzyme, and the genotype frequencies were found to be 9%, 69%, and 22% for MM, Mm, and mm in the myostatin locus, respectively. The M allele frequency was 44%, whereas the m allele frequency was 56%. In the studied population, the myostatin locus was not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The association analysis revealed no statistically significant impact of the MSTN gene polymorphism in exon 3 on birth weight, weaning weight, and productivity (P>0.05) but found a significant effect on weaning age and average daily weight gain (P<0.05). As a result, the MSTN gene showed polymorphisms in Morkaraman sheep and can be regarded as a genetic marker for sheep selection according to the association analysis results

Анализ технологий по предупреждению формирования газовых гидратов на Заполярном нефтегазоконденсатном месторождении (ЯНАО)

Объектами исследования являются осложнения, возникающие при гидратоотложении в системах сбора и транспортировки газа. Предметом исследования являются комплексные методы предупреждения образования гидратов природного газа. Цель выпускной квалификационной работы – анализ методов и технологий защиты промыслового оборудования от осложнений, вызванных гидратообразованием.The objects of the following research are the problems appearing from the hydrate formation in gas gathering facilities and transportation systems. The subjects of the research are complex methods of preventing the formation of natural gas hydrates. The purpose of the graduation thesis is to analyze methods and technologies for protecting field equipment from problems caused by hydrate formation

Magnetic resonance imaging based kidney volume assessment for risk stratification in pediatric autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease

IntroductionIn the pediatric context, most children with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) maintain a normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) despite underlying structural kidney damage, highlighting the critical need for early intervention and predictive markers. Due to the inverse relationship between kidney volume and kidney function, risk assessments have been presented on the basis of kidney volume. The aim of this study was to use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based kidney volume assessment for risk stratification in pediatric ADPKD and to investigate clinical and genetic differences among risk groups.MethodsThis multicenter, cross-sectional, and case-control study included 75 genetically confirmed pediatric ADPKD patients (5–18 years) and 27 controls. Kidney function was assessed by eGFR calculated from serum creatinine and cystatin C using the CKiD-U25 equation. Blood pressure was assessed by both office and 24-hour ambulatory measurements. Kidney volume was calculated from MRI using the stereological method. Total kidney volume was adjusted for the height (htTKV). Patients were stratified from A to E classes according to the Leuven Imaging Classification (LIC) using MRI-derived htTKV.ResultsMedian (Q1-Q3) age of the patients was 6.0 (2.0–10.0) years, 56% were male. There were no differences in sex, age, height-SDS, or GFR between the patient and control groups. Of the patients, 89% had PKD1 and 11% had PKD2 mutations. Non-missense mutations were 73% in PKD1 and 75% in PKD2. Twenty patients (27%) had hypertension based on ABPM. Median htTKV of the patients was significantly higher than controls (141 vs. 117 ml/m, p = 0.0003). LIC stratification revealed Classes A (38.7%), B (28%), C (24%), and D + E (9.3%). All children in class D + E and 94% in class C had PKD1 variants. Class D + E patients had significantly higher blood pressure values and hypertension compared to other classes (p &gt; 0.05 for all).DiscussionThis study distinguishes itself by using MRI-based measurements of kidney volume to stratify pediatric ADPKD patients into specific risk groups. It is important to note that PKD1 mutation and elevated blood pressure were higher in the high-risk groups stratified by age and kidney volume. Our results need to be confirmed in further studies

Exploring the attention process differentiation of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptomatic adults using artificial intelligence on electroencephalography (EEG) signals

Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) onset in childhood and its symptoms can last up till adulthood. Recently, electroencephalography (EEG) has emerged as a tool to investigate the neurophysiological connection of ADHD and the brain. In this study, we investigated the differentiation of attention process of healthy subjects with or without ADHD symptoms under visual continuous performance test (VCPT). In our experiments, artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm achieved 98.4% classification accuracy with 0.98 sensitivity when P2 event related potential (ERP) was used. Additionally, our experimental results showed that fronto-central channels were the most contributing. Overall, we conclude that the attention process of adults with or without ADHD symptoms become a key feature to separate individuals especially in fronto-central regions under VCPT condition. In addition, using P2 ERP component under VCPT task can be a highly accurate approach to investigate EEG signal differentiation on ADHD-symptomatic adults

Exploring the attention process differentiation of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptomatic adults using artificial intelligence on electroencephalography (EEG) signals

Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) onset in childhood and its symptoms can last up till adulthood. Recently, electroencephalography (EEG) has emerged as a tool to investigate the neurophysiological connection of ADHD and the brain. In this study, we investigated the differentiation of attention process of healthy subjects with or without ADHD symptoms under visual continuous performance test (VCPT). In our experiments, artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm achieved 98.4% classification accuracy with 0.98 sensitivity when P2 event related potential (ERP) was used. Additionally, our experimental results showed that fronto-central channels were the most contributing. Overall, we conclude that the attention process of adults with or without ADHD symptoms become a key feature to separate individuals especially in fronto-central regions under VCPT condition. In addition, using P2 ERP component under VCPT task can be a highly accurate approach to investigate EEG signal differentiation on ADHD-symptomatic adults

Does long-term talc exposure have a carcinogenic effect the female genital system of rats? An experimental pilot study

WOS: 000271197900010PubMed ID: 19301023Objective In several studies, the prolonged exposure to talc has been associated with development of ovarian cancer. However, some studies have advocated contrary views. The present study aims to investigate histopathological changes and whether long-term talc exposure is associated with potential carcinogenic effects on the female genital organs of rats. Materials and methods The present study was conducted at Dumlupinar University Medical Faculty and a total of 28 Sprague-Dawley rats were included. The experimental animals were allocated into four groups having seven rats each. Groups 1 and 2 served as controls, where the rats in Group 1 did not receive any intervention and Group 2 received intravaginal saline. Groups 3 and 4 received intravaginal or perineal talc application, respectively. Talc was applied for 3 months on a daily basis. Histopathological changes in the peritoneum and female genital system were evaluated. For statistical analyses, Fisher's exact test was carried out using SPSS. Findings In both the groups exposed to talc (Groups 3 and 4), evidence of foreign body reaction and infection, along with an increase in inflammatory cells, were found in all the genital tissues. Genital infection was observed in 12 rats in the study group and 2 rats in the control group. Neoplastic change was not found. However, there was an increase in the number of follicles in animals exposed to talc. No peritoneal change was observed. In the groups not exposed to talc, similar infectious findings were found, but there was a statistically significant difference between the groups (Groups 1 and 2 vs. Groups 3 and 4, P > 0.05). Neoplastic change was also not observed in these groups. Four groups were compared in terms of neoplastic effects and infections. In Groups 1, 5 rats were normal, two developed vulvovaginitis and endometritis with overinfection (in both ovaries), and one developed salpingitis (in both fallopian tubes), that is, infection was found in a total of two rats. In Group 2, only one experimental animal had endometritis. All the animals in Groups 3 and 4 developed infections. Conclusions Talc has unfavorable effects on the female genital system. However, this effect is in the form of foreign body reaction and infection, rather than being neoplastic

A novel 2-aminophenalenone-based fluorescent probe designed for monitoring H2O2 for in vitro and in vivo bioimaging

A significant compound in living organisms, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) plays a dual role as a signalling molecule in cellular communication and as a pivotal biomarker in assessing disease and oxidative stress. Thus, the detection of abnormal changes in H2O2 levels is essential to understanding its function and involvement in biological systems. The growing demand to meet the specific needs for applications, particularly in biological systems, has sharpened focus on highly sensitive, highly selective molecular sensors and, in turn, heightened interest in these diagnostic tools with innovative designs. In our study, 2-aminophenalenone (2-AP) was used for the first time as a fluorophore in a fluorescent probe. The 2-APB molecule obtained from the reaction of 2-AP with 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl) benzyl chloroformate exhibited a highly selective and sensitive (i.e. 62 nM) detection profile for H2O2 compared with the other reactive oxygen species, anions, and metal cations. Moreover, offering naked-eye detection in aqueous solutions, 2-APB demonstrated excellent sensing performance, detection and real-time monitoring in relation to exogenous H2O2 in cells and endogenous H2O2 in zebrafish embryos