9,345 research outputs found
Marine-Nonmarine Relationships in the Cenozoic Section of California
Highly fossiliferous marine sediments of Cenozoic age are widely distributed in the coastal parts of central and southern California, as well as in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Valley region farther inland. Even more widespread are nonmarine, chiefly terrestrial, sequences of Cenozoic strata, many of which contain vertebrate faunas characterized by a dominance of mammalian forms. These strata are most abundant in the Mojave Desert region and in the interior parts of areas that lie nearer the coast.
Marine and nonmarine strata are in juxtaposition or interfinger with one another at many places, especially in the southern Coast Ranges and the San Joaquin basin to the east, in the Transverse Ranges and adjacent basins, and in several parts of the Peninsular Range region and the Coachella-Imperial Valley to the east. These occurrences of closely related marine and nonmarine deposits permit critical comparisons between the Pacific Coast mammalian (terrestrial) and invertebrate (marine) chronologies, and it is with these comparisons-examined in the light of known stratigraphic relations-that this paper is primarily concerned.
The writers have drawn freely upon the published record for geologic and paleontologic data. In addition, Durham has reviewed many of the invertebrate faunas and has checked the field relations of marine strata in parts of the Ventura and Soledad basins, the Tejon Hills, and the Cammatta Ranch; Jahns has studied new vertebrate material from the Soledad basin and has mapped this area and critical areas in the vicinity of San Diego, in the Ventura basin, and in the Caliente Range; and Savage has made a detailed appraisal of the vertebrate assemblages, and has mapped critical areas in the Tejon Hills. The areas and localities that have been most carefully scrutinized are shown in figure 1.
The manuscript was reviewed in detail by G. Edward Lewis of the U. S. Geological Survey, who made numerous comments and suggestions that resulted in considerable improvement. It should be noted that his views are not wholly compatible with some of those expressed in this paper, and that his critical appraisal thus was particularly helpful
On Characterizing the Data Access Complexity of Programs
Technology trends will cause data movement to account for the majority of
energy expenditure and execution time on emerging computers. Therefore,
computational complexity will no longer be a sufficient metric for comparing
algorithms, and a fundamental characterization of data access complexity will
be increasingly important. The problem of developing lower bounds for data
access complexity has been modeled using the formalism of Hong & Kung's
red/blue pebble game for computational directed acyclic graphs (CDAGs).
However, previously developed approaches to lower bounds analysis for the
red/blue pebble game are very limited in effectiveness when applied to CDAGs of
real programs, with computations comprised of multiple sub-computations with
differing DAG structure. We address this problem by developing an approach for
effectively composing lower bounds based on graph decomposition. We also
develop a static analysis algorithm to derive the asymptotic data-access lower
bounds of programs, as a function of the problem size and cache size
SNAP-8 corrosion program Quarterly progress report, period ending 31 May 1965
Differences in corrosion and mass transfer rates in corrosion loops for SNAP-8 system and effectiveness of cold trapping in reducing hydrogen concentratio
Snap-8 corrosion program quarterly progress report, period ending 28 feb. 1965
SNAP-8 corrosion program - hydrogen solubility in sodium-potassium, permeability of hydrogen and deuterum through stainless steel, and phase equilibri
Geometric and combinatorial realizations of crystal graphs
For irreducible integrable highest weight modules of the finite and affine
Lie algebras of type A and D, we define an isomorphism between the geometric
realization of the crystal graphs in terms of irreducible components of
Nakajima quiver varieties and the combinatorial realizations in terms of Young
tableaux and Young walls. For affine type A, we extend the Young wall
construction to arbitrary level, describing a combinatorial realization of the
crystals in terms of new objects which we call Young pyramids.Comment: 34 pages, 17 figures; v2: minor typos corrected; v3: corrections to
section 8; v4: minor typos correcte
Program closures: What happens to faculty left behind?
This autoethonographic study documents the stories of two adult education faculty members’ experiences when their academic programs were closed. In both cases, they each became programs of one after colleagues retired or left for other reasons. Despite their isolation as the only faculty members with adult education credentials, both continue to conduct research, teach, mentor students and colleagues, and remain engaged with the field of adult education
Angle of Repose and Angle of Marginal Stability: Molecular Dyanmics of Granular Particles
We present an implementation of realistic static friction in molecular
dynamics (MD) simulations of granular particles. In our model, to break
contacts between two particles, one has to apply a finite amount of force,
determined by the Coulomb criterion. Using a two dimensional model, we show
that piles generated by avalanches have a {\it finite} angle of repose
(finite slopes). Furthermore, these piles are stable under tilting
by an angle smaller than a non-zero tilting angle , showing that
is different from the angle of marginal stability ,
which is the maximum angle of stable piles. These measured angles are compared
to a theoretical approximation. We also measure by continuously
adding particles on the top of a stable pile.Comment: 14 pages, Plain Te
Heap Formation in Granular Media
Using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we find the formation of heaps in
a system of granular particles contained in a box with oscillating bottom and
fixed sidewalls. The simulation includes the effect of static friction, which
is found to be crucial in maintaining a stable heap. We also find another
mechanism for heap formation in systems under constant vertical shear. In both
systems, heaps are formed due to a net downward shear by the sidewalls. We
discuss the origin of net downward shear for the vibration induced heap.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures available upon request, Plain TeX, HLRZ-101/9
Two scenarios for avalanche dynamics in inclined granular layers
We report experimental measurements of avalanche behavior of thin granular
layers on an inclined plane for low volume flow rate. The dynamical properties
of avalanches were quantitatively and qualitatively different for smooth glass
beads compared to irregular granular materials such as sand. Two scenarios for
granular avalanches on an incline are identified and a theoretical explanation
for these different scenarios is developed based on a depth-averaged approach
that takes into account the differing rheologies of the granular materials.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted to Phys. Rev. Let
Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma behaves as a distinct clinical entity with good outcome: evidence from 14-year followup in the West of Scotland Cancer Network
Clinically and biologically, nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) has much more in common with germinal-center derived B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) than with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). Management of NLPHL remains controversial. In a 14-year multicenter series, 69 cases were analyzed, and the median follow-up was 53 months (range 11–165.) B-symptoms were present in only 4.3% of patients, and 81.1% of patients had stage I/II disease. Treatment was with radiotherapy (53.6%), chemotherapy (21.7%), combined modality (17.4%), and observation (7.2%). In all, 10.1% of patients relapsed and 2.9% of patients developed high-grade transformation to DLBCL. All relapses and transformations were salvageable. No patient died of their disease. The 5-year relapse-free survival was 92%, transformation-free survival 98.4%, and overall survival 100%. We conclude that NLPHL behaves as a distinct clinical entity, often presenting at an early stage without risk factors. It has an excellent outcome. It may be possible, in early-stage disease, to reduce the intensity of therapy in NLPHL, to single-modality radiotherapy, without affecting OS
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