El efecto horizontal de las libertades de circulación de la Unión Europea

Las libertades de circulación de la Unión Europea son prerrogativas de los particulares frente al poder público estatal, dirigidas a impedir el fraccionamiento del mercado interior. Sin embargo, la jurisprudencia del Tribunal de Justicia ha admitido la posibilidad de invocar las libertades frente a particulares en casos muy específicos, pero cada vez más extensos. Asimismo, las normas de competencia han sido interpretadas de modo que admiten supuestos en los que el poder público queda sujeto al Derecho anti-trust. Esta tendencia inversa, reveladora de la maleabilidad de las normas de la Constitución Económica Europea, son objeto de estudio en este artículoThe rules on free movement of the European Union are prerrogatives in the hand of individuals vis-à-vis national public authorities, with the aim to preclude the fragmentation of the internal market. However, the case-law of the Court of Justice has admitted the possibility of invoking free movement rules against private parties in specific cases that are, however, growingly frequent. Likewise, the rules on competition have been interpreted in such a way that they can be put public authorities subject to anti-trust law. This inverse tendency, revealing of the maleable nature of the rules of the European Economic Constitution, is the subject of the present articl

Estimation of Depth Maps from Monocular Images using Deep Neural Networks

Computer vision tasks have seen recent improvements thanks to the development of deep learning and high-end hardware. One of these tasks is depth perception, which involves extracting three-dimensional information from two-dimensional elements like images and constructing a depth map. This kind of information is useful in many domains such as autonomous vehicles or scene reconstruction for augmented and virtual reality. Hu-mans and some other animals achieve this by using binocular vision (vision from two images) and some algorithms have been developed to imitate this process. However, re-cent progress has enabled the advancement of other approaches that allow monocular vision algorithms to accomplish decent depth maps. In this thesis two monocular deep learning methods (Monodepth and DenseDepth) are explored and compared to each other (and with binocular and monocular approaches in general). This experiment is conducted by exposing the two methods to images that have not been seen during training and per-forming a qualitative analysis of their results in two different scenarios: indoors and out-doors. Both Monodepth and DenseDepth are able to produce depth maps, but DenseDepth results are more promising and reliable. Results show the importance of the training do-main, as the accuracy is affected by the choice of pre-trained models, as well as the col-lection and selection of data. It is still an open problem and seems unlikely that monocular depth perception could replace other sensors in critical systems like autonomous driving. However, it could still be a great complement or useful in other products or domains like photography.Doble Grado en Ingeniería Informática y Administración de Empresa

Development and application of quality standard procedures ((operation,, verification and maintenance)) for an LC--MS system

In this work, the standard procedures required for the operation, verification and maintenance of a liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry system have been developed. These procedures have been designed and prepared with the aim to establish a quality control system to ensure the proper functioning of each component of the instrumentation, the LC and the MS, and to verify the performance of the LC-MS coupling. For this purpose, standard procedures were elaborated and proved in the normal routine laboratory work to evaluate their real applicability. Moreover, the verification of the performance of the LC-MS system was carried out experimentally through an in-house procedure based on the analysis of naphthylacetics

The Great Repeal Bill and the Charter of Fundamental Rights: not a promising start

On the day Brexit happens EU Law will be incorporated into the UK legal system, including the entirety of the Court of Justice’s case-law. This is a huge digestion of rules and judicial rulings, unprecedented in the way and speed in which it will take place. However, there is a piece of EU Law that will not be incorporated into UK Law. This is no ordinary or irrelevant piece. It is the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. It is another revealing sign of the impact that Brexit will have in the UK and, above all, for UK citizens and their rights