About the possibility of perspective application of hydrophobic and superhydrophobic modified internal coatings of pipelines in pipeline transport

Due to the global energy and environmental problems, photovoltaic power generation and other new energy generation types have been vigorously developed. This paper analyzes the current situation and development trends of photovoltaic power generation, and prospects for the future development

About the possibility of perspective application of hydrophobic and superhydrophobic modified internal coatings of pipelines in pipeline transport

Due to the global energy and environmental problems, photovoltaic power generation and other new energy generation types have been vigorously developed. This paper analyzes the current situation and development trends of photovoltaic power generation, and prospects for the future development

Expression of survivin, a novel inhibitor of apoptosis and cell cycle regulatory protein, in pancreatic adenocarcinoma

Survivin is unique for its expression in human malignancies but not in normal adult cells. It has been implicated in sensitisation to chemotherapy and as a prognostic marker in several common cancers. Immunohistochemistry for Survivin, P53 and BCL-2 expression as well as cell proliferative index (Ki-67) and apoptosis index (TUNEL) was conducted on 52 pancreatic and 12 ampullary adenocarcinomas. Survivin was detected in the cytoplasm of carcinoma cells in 46 (88%) of pancreatic tumours. P53 and BCL-2 were detected in 54% and 12% of pancreatic tumours, respectively. Proliferative index was 26.2±10.5% and apoptosis index was 1.38±0.69%. Prevalence of Survivin expression was significantly higher in P53-positive than in P53-negative cases (P=0.05) but was not associated with BCL-2 expression. Incrementally higher weighted scores of Survivin expression were associated with increased proliferative index (P=0.001). Furthermore, there was linear correlation between increased proliferative index and higher apoptosis index (P<0.001). Surprisingly, higher scores of Survivin expression were associated with increased apoptosis index (P=0.007). Survival characteristics were not influenced by Survivin, P53 or BCL-2 expression, apoptosis index or proliferative index. Ampullary carcinoma showed Survivin expression in 83% of cases. However, unlike pancreatic carcinoma, there was no correlation between Survivin and P53 expression or proliferative index. In conclusion, Survivin is expressed in the majority of pancreatic adenocarcinomas and correlates with both cellular proliferation and apoptosis. Molecular manipulation of Survivin expression may enhance chemotherapy and radiation therapy for pancreatic cancer

Colorectal tumors with complete obstruction – Endoscopic recovery of passage replacing emergency surgery? A report of two cases

BACKGROUND: Incomplete or complete obstructive ileus due to colorectal cancer is generally treated by emergency surgery that has higher morbidity and mortality than elective surgery. CASE PRESENTATION: Here we describe an endoscopic technique by which a safe bowel decompression was performed instead of emergency surgery in two patients with complete tumorous obstruction of the colon. By means of a polypectomy snare, a soft wire, an ERCP catheter, a set of endoscopes with different diameters (baby endoscope, gastroscope) and of argon plasma coagulation the tumor mass was reduced and the tumor stenosis was passed. The patients recovered from symptoms of colon obstruction, no procedure-associated complications were observed. One patient had surgery of the sigmoid tumor one week later (UICC-stage III), the other patient (UICC-stage IV) received systemic chemotherapy starting one week after endoscopic decompression. CONCLUSION: Complete tumorous obstruction of the colon may be managed by endoscopic tumor debulking avoiding high risk emergency surgery and allowing immediate medical treatment of the primary tumor and of metastases

La satisfacci?n laboral y su correlaci?n con la intenci?n de rotaci?n de asesores comerciales de las instituciones microfinancieras

Desde la d?cada del 2000 se ha fortalecido el sistema microfinanciero en el Per?, generando la atenci?n de diversos organismos nacionales e internacionales; esto, debido a la contribuci?n social y la econom?a que genera a cada pa?s, por ser fuente de financiamiento para los emprendedores de escasos recursos econ?micos (SBS, 2017). Uno de los principales problemas a los que se enfrenta este sector es la rotaci?n de los asesores comerciales, este sector registra una tasa de rotaci?n de 24,2% (Asomif, 2018), superior a la tasa de rotaci?n de Latinoam?rica. En este contexto surge la necesidad de entender los motivos por los cuales los asesores comerciales tienen la intenci?n de abandonar la organizaci?n. Esta investigaci?n se fundamenta en la teor?a de Herzberg, la cual establece dos factores que influyen en la satisfacci?n laboral de los empleados: los factores extr?nsecos o de higiene, que est?n asociados al contexto en el cual trabaja el empleado, y los factores intr?nsecos o de motivaci?n, los cuales est?n asociados al contexto al contenido del trabajo. Basados en esta teor?a, se examin? la correlaci?n entre la satisfacci?n laboral de los factores extr?nsecos e intr?nsecos de los asesores comerciales, en las instituciones microfinancieras, y la intenci?n de rotaci?n. Para medir la satisfacci?n laboral se utiliz? el cuestionario de MSQ, de la Universidad de Minnesota, y la encuesta de intenci?n de rotaci?n de Boshoff & Allen. Ambos instrumentos fueron aplicados a 384 asesores comerciales usando el modelo de correlaci?n Rho de Spearman. Los resultados arrojaron que, tanto factores intr?nsecos como los extr?nsecos presentan una relaci?n inversa altamente significativa (p < 0.01); para los factores intr?nsecos la relaci?n result? -0.656 y los extr?nsecos -0,643, validando la hip?tesis propuesta en la presente investigaci?n

Survivin expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma

A series of 110 cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) together with six lymph node and one distant metastatic lesions was analysed for expression of survivin, a recent apoptosis inhibitor, by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. In total, 91 cases (82.7%) of carcinoma and all metastasis (seven cases, 100%) were positive for survivin expression, with weighted survivin scores ranging from 1 to 4. In contrast, normal oral epithelium did not express survivin. There was no significant correlation between survivin expression and age, sex, tumour size, the presence of lymph node and distant metastases. Survivin expression was increased in poorly differentiated tumours, even if differences were not statistically significant. In contrast, when analysed for prognostic significance, patients with low survivin expression had statistically significant better survival rates than the group with high survivin expression (P < 0.05). These data suggest that survivin expression may identify cases of oral SCC with more aggressive and invasive phenotype

Expression of different survivin variants in gastric carcinomas: first clues to a role of survivin-2B in tumour progression

Survivin is a novel member of the inhibitor of apoptosis family and determines the susceptibility of tumour cells to pro-apoptotic stimuli. Recently, we identified two novel alternative splice variants of survivin, differing in their anti-apoptotic properties: whereas the anti-apoptotic potential of survivin-ΔEx3 is preserved, survivin-2B has lost its anti-apoptotic potential and may act as a naturally occurring antagonist of survivin. Because the in vivo expression of these alternative splice variants has not been explored so far, we analysed gastric carcinomas of different histological subtypes, grades and stages. Since no antibodies are currently available to determine the novel splice variants, quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was performed, using RNA samples obtained from 30 different gastric carcinomas. Polymerase chain reactions products were quantified by densitometric evaluation. We found that all gastric carcinomas, irrespective of their histological types, grades or stages, express survivin-ΔEx3, survivin-2B and survivin, the latter being the dominant transcript. Comparing the disease stages I+II with III+IV, expression of survivin and survivin-ΔEx3 remained unchanged. In contrast, a significant (P=0.033) stage-dependent decrease in the expression of survivin-2B became evident. Our study demonstrates for the first time the expression of alternative splice variants in gastric carcinomas and provides a first clue to a role of survivin-2B in tumour progression

Mitochondrial Dysfunction Increases Oxidative Stress and Decreases Chronological Life Span in Fission Yeast

Background: Oxidative stress is a probable cause of aging and associated diseases. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) originate mainly from endogenous sources, namely the mitochondria. Methodology/Principal Findings: We analyzed the effect of aerobic metabolism on oxidative damage in Schizosaccharomyces pombe by global mapping of those genes that are required for growth on both respiratory-proficient media and hydrogen-peroxide-containing fermentable media. Out of a collection of approximately 2700 haploid yeast deletion mutants, 51 were sensitive to both conditions and 19 of these were related to mitochondrial function. Twelve deletion mutants lacked components of the electron transport chain. The growth defects of these mutants can be alleviated by the addition of antioxidants, which points to intrinsic oxidative stress as the origin of the phenotypes observed. These respiration-deficient mutants display elevated steady-state levels of ROS, probably due to enhanced electron leakage from their defective transport chains, which compromises the viability of chronologically-aged cells. Conclusion/Significance: Individual mitochondrial dysfunctions have often been described as the cause of diseases or aging, and our global characterization emphasizes the primacy of oxidative stress in the etiology of such processes.This work was supported by Dirección General de Investigación of Spain Grant BFU2006-02610, and by the Spanish program Consolider-Ingenio 2010 Grant CSD 2007-0020 to E.H

Nuclear and cytoplasmic expression of survivin in 67 surgically resected pancreatic cancer patients

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most aggressive gastrointestinal cancer with less than 10% long-term survivors. The apoptotic pathway deregulation is a postulated mechanism of carcinogenesis of this tumour. The present study investigated the prognostic role of apoptosis and apoptosis-involved proteins in a series of surgically resected pancreatic cancer patients. All patients affected by pancreatic adenocarcinoma and treated with surgical resection from 1988 to 2003 were considered for the study. Patients' clinical data and pathological tumour features were recorded. Survivin and Cox-2 expression were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining. Apoptotic cells were identified using the TUNEL method. Tumour specimen of 67 resected patients was included in the study. By univariate analysis, survival was influenced by Survivin overexpression. The nuclear Survivin overexpression was associated with better prognosis (P=0.0009), while its cytoplasmic overexpression resulted a negative prognostic factor (P=0.0127). Also, the apoptotic index was a statistically significant prognostic factor in a univariate model (P=0.0142). By a multivariate Cox regression analysis, both the nuclear (P=0.002) and cytoplasmic (P=0.040) Survivin overexpression maintained the prognostic statistical value. This is the first study reporting a statistical significant prognostic relevance of nuclear and cytoplasmic Survivin overexpression in pancreatic cancer. In particular, patients with high nuclear Survivin staining showed a longer survival, whereas patients with high cytoplasmic Survivin staining had a shorter overall survival