ANALISIS PERILAKU KONSUMEN YANG BERBELANJA PADA PASAR TRADISIONAL (Studi Kasus Pada Konsumen Pasar Soponyono Rungkut) SKRIPSI

Dewasa ini pembangunan ekonomi semakin tinggi ditandai dengan persaingan perusahaan selaku produsen yang menghasilkan barang dan jasa. Pemasar dapat mengetahui keinginan dan kebutuhan konsumennya salah satunya melalui perantara yang digunakan dalam penyebaran produknya yaitu melalui perdagangan eceran (retailing). Perdagangan eceran dapat dijumpai pada pasar tradisional yang menyediakan bermacam-macam produk dengan berbagai kualitas dan harga. Dan pada saat ini, banyak perdagangan eceran lain yang bermunculan dengan berbagai macam bentuk yaitu mini market dan supermarket baik yang dikelola oleh individu maupun perusahaan serta hypermarket sebagai pengecer asing. Dengan munculnya pengecer asing di pasar domestik akan mengancam kelangsungan hidup dari pasar tradisional tersebut khususnya Pasar Soponyono Rungkut yang terletak disebalah Pasar rungkut Baru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis tentang ”karakteristik dan perilaku konsumen yang berbelanja di Pasar Soponyono Rungkut”’ Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif, yaitu yang digunakan sebagai prosedur penelitian yang menghasilkan data deskriptif berupa kata – kata tertulis atau lisan dari orang – orang yang dapat diamati. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan 97 responden dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Dimana responden diambil dengan menggunakan teknik Purposive Sampling. Dari hasil Analisis Perilaku Konsumen yang Berbelanja Pada Pasar Tradisional (Studi Kasus pada Konsumen di Pasar Soponyono) menyimpulkan bahwa sebagian besar konsumen yang berbelanja di Pasar Soponyono Rungkut adalah wanita dengan usia 44-52 tahun dengan status sudah menikah dan memiliki pekerjaan sebagai ibu rumah tangga, penghasilan tiap bulan sebesar diatas Rp 1.000.001,00-Rp 3.000.000,00. Produk yang biasa dibeli oleh konsumen Pasar Soponyono Rungkut adalah kebutuhan pokok, produk di Pasar Soponyono Rungkut lengkap dengan kualitas yang baik. Harga produk di Pasar Soponyono Rungkut masih wajar atau normal, konsumen pernah dan selalu menawar produk yang akan dibeli dan sering memperoleh produk yang sesuai dengan yang diharapkan konsumen. Lokasi Pasar Soponyono Rungkut strategis dan rata-rata jarak rumah responden dengan pasar berjarak kurang dari 1 km. Pelayanan penjual Pasar Soponyono Rungkut baik dengan pertimbangan kejujuran, keramahan dan kecepatan dalam pelayanan penjualan, sebagian responden tidak pernah kecewa dengan sikap penjual. Keamanan lingkungan maupun fasilitas parkir Pasar Soponyono Rungkut baik dengan petugas keamanan yang telah terkoordinasi dengan baik. Kondisi kebersihan dan kondisi lingkungan Pasar Soponyono Rungkut baik. Fasilitas tempat parkir dan fasilitas toilet di Pasar Soponyono Rungkut cukup baik. Keyword : Produk, Harga, Lokasi, Pelayanan, Keamanan, Kebersihan, Fasilita

ANALISIS AKAR MASALAH KETIDAKEFEKTIFAN MANAJEMEN KELAS DI SEKOLAH DASAR DI SALATIGA DAN SEKITARNYA

The aim of this study is to determine the root cause of ineffectiveness at classroom management which is applied by teachers as well as to propose solution to overcome ineffectiveness at elementary school’s classroom management. The data collection technique used in this research is focused group discussions and observations in the classrooms. The analysis technique used is Fishbone analysis or Ishikawa diagram. The results of this study shows that there are six roots of ineffectiveness problem at classroom management, namely: 1) teachers did not focus on students individually but to the curriculum only; 2) the existence of dissability students have different learning pace compared to others; 3) there was no demanding from principal about fun learning implementation in classroom; 4) teachers luck of knowledge about classroom management; 5) teachers lack to provide interpersonal relationship with students; 6) teachers had low trust about students ability to disciplined and organized themselves. The proposed solutions formulated together are such as teachers review the lesson plans and the daily teaching journal, teachers implement the system of reward and punishment as well as peer-teaching method to students, and principals require fun learning and supervise teachers in the classrooms.

The Physiologic Effects of Pneumoperitoneum in the Morbidly Obese

OBJECTIVE: To review the physiologic effects of carbon dioxide (CO(2)) pneumoperitoneum in the morbidly obese. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: The number of laparoscopic bariatric operations performed in the United States has increased dramatically over the past several years. Laparoscopic bariatric surgery requires abdominal insufflation with CO(2) and an increase in the intraabdominal pressure up to 15 mm Hg. Many studies have demonstrated the adverse consequences of pneumoperitoneum; however, few studies have examined the physiologic effects of pneumoperitoneum in the morbidly obese. METHODS: A MEDLINE search from 1994 to 2003 was performed using the key words morbid obesity, laparoscopy, bariatric surgery, pneumoperitoneum, and gastric bypass. The authors reviewed papers evaluating the physiologic effects of pneumoperitoneum in morbidly obese subjects undergoing laparoscopy. The topics examined included alteration in acid-base balance, hemodynamics, femoral venous flow, and hepatic, renal, and cardiorespiratory function. RESULTS: Physiologically, morbidly obese patients have a higher intraabdominal pressure at 2 to 3 times that of nonobese patients. The adverse consequences of pneumoperitoneum in morbidly obese patients are similar to those observed in nonobese patients. Laparoscopy in the obese can lead to systemic absorption of CO(2) and increased requirements for CO(2) elimination. The increased intraabdominal pressure enhances venous stasis, reduces intraoperative portal venous blood flow, decreases intraoperative urinary output, lowers respiratory compliance, increases airway pressure, and impairs cardiac function. Intraoperative management to minimize the adverse changes include appropriate ventilatory adjustments to avoid hypercapnia and acidosis, the use of sequential compression devices to minimizes venous stasis, and optimize intravascular volume to minimize the effects of increased intraabdominal pressure on renal and cardiac function. CONCLUSIONS: Morbidly obese patients undergoing laparoscopic bariatric surgery are at risk for intraoperative complications relating to the use of CO(2) pneumoperitoneum. Surgeons performing laparoscopic bariatric surgery should understand the physiologic effects of CO(2) pneumoperitoneum in the morbidly obese and make appropriate intraoperative adjustments to minimize the adverse changes

A Multicenter, Prospective Trial to Assess the Safety and Performance of the Spinal Modulation Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurostimulator System in the Treatment of Chronic Pain

Objectives: This multicenter prospective trial was conducted to evaluate the clinical performance of a new neurostimulation system designed to treat chronic pain through the electrical neuromodulation of the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurophysiologically associated with painful regions of the limbs and/or trunk. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two subjects were implanted with a novel neuromodulation device. Pain ratings during stimulation were followed up to six months and compared with baseline ratings. Subjects also completed two separate reversal periods in which stimulation was briefly stopped in order to establish the effects of the intervention. Results: At all assessments, more than half of subjects reported pain relief of 50% or better. At six months postimplant, average overall pain ratings were 58% lower than baseline (p<0.001), and the proportions of subjects experiencing 50% or more reduction in pain specific to back, leg, and foot regions were 57%, 70%, and 89%, respectively. When stimulation was discontinued for a short time, pain returned to baseline levels. Discrete coverage of hard-to-treat areas was obtained across a variety of anatomical pain distributions. Paresthesia intensity remained stable over time and there was no significant difference in the paresthesia intensity perceived during different body postures/positions (standing up vs. lying down). Conclusions: Results of this clinical trial demonstrate that neurostimulation of the DRG is a viable neuromodulatory technique for the t