Objective measures of spatial sffects in Spanish concert halls

The present work consists of a statistical study of the monaural (lateral-reflection fractions and level)and binaural acoustic parameters (inter-aural cross-correlation coefficients) that evaluate the amount ofearly and late lateral acoustic energy encountered in 9 performance halls in Andalusia (southern Spain).Hall volumes range between 6,163 m3and 34,594 m3and all enclosures are used for presentations of symphonic concerts and other music performances. The majority of these venues are located in provincial capitals of the community and often constitute the only premises in the city where symphonic concertscan be held. The acoustic parameters under study here were derived from impulse responses analyses using a sine-sweep signals which were generated and processed by WinMLS 2004 software in the octave-band frequency centred from 125 to 4 kHz, and all parameters were spectrally averaged according to theISO 3382-1 standard. A comparison is presented of monaural experimental results as a function of source-receiver distance with the prediction of Barron’s revised theory for concert halls, and the analyses of the acoustic parameter results are carried out in terms of their respective just noticeable differences: at the many microphone positions for the two source positions on stage, for the spatial distribution of seats in the audience zone relative to the central axis (for left- and right-hand sides) of the rooms, and for the presence of the orchestra shell on stage. Results reveal that the orchestra shell propitiates a perceptible decrementin the values of the early lateral energy fraction and an increment in the late lateral level at the audience seats. In addition, a regression study reveals that the two kinds of measures of laterality, monaural andbinaural, are correlated when the hall-average data is considered, but they remain uncorrelated when all individual positions are used. Like wise, the ranges of variation of the acoustic parameters found in thesehalls are narrower than those specified in the ISO 3382-1. The paper concludes with a discussion on the relationships of hall-average data of the five parameters with eight geometric and acoustic variable

Políticas de igualdad para las mujeres del sector rural. Emprendimientos productivos analizados en clave de género

Las políticas públicas son hechos socioculturales construidos por sujetos, cuyas acciones y pensamientos se encuentran impregnados por juicios y valores sobre los géneros, influenciando así el proceso de diseño de las mismas. Lo anterior puede explicarse a través del concepto de tecnologías de género, según el cual el género es el resultado de la puesta en marcha de un conjunto de discursos institucionalizados, epistemologías y prácticas cuyo fin es normalizar, naturalizar y afianzar los roles tradicionales que ocupan varones y mujeres en la sociedad.Public policies are sociocultural facts, built by subjects whose actions and thoughts are impregnated of judgements and values about genres, thus influencing the designing process of said. The above cam be explained through the concept of Technologies of Gender whereby the genre is the result of the starting up of a set of institutionalized speeches, epistemologies and practices, aimed to normalize, naturalize and strengthen the traditional roles, occupied by male and female in society.Politólogo (a)Pregrad

Impacts of land use on an insectivorous tropical bat: The importance of mercury, physio-immunology and trophic position

International audienceDeforestation, agricultural intensification, and habitat homogenization are critical threats to biodiversity in Southeast Asia. Limited information is available on the trophic and physiological responses of tropical animals to these environmental changes. The wrinkle-lipped free-tailed bat Chaerephon plicatus is a cave roosting species that is experiencing population declines across Southeast Asia, where landscapes have been drastically modified. In our study site in central Thailand, we tested the hypothesis that wrinkle-lipped free-tailed bats living in landscapes that contrast in heterogeneity and land-use differed in mercury contamination, trophic position and physio-immunological status. Bats from less heterogeneous landscapes (dominated by rice crops, absence of large forest patches) occupied a lower trophic position than conspecifics from more heterogeneous landscapes (including large forest patches). Additionally, bats from these habitats had lower concentrations of mercury in erythrocytes, lower body mass, higher antioxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD), lower antioxidant glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and lower values of the GPx/SOD ratio than bats from more heterogeneous landscapes. Individual bat mercury concentrations were positively correlated with body mass and two immune markers (lysozyme and immunoglobulin) but were negatively correlated with plasma non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity. Our results suggest various links between landscape heterogeneity, mercury accumulation/exposure, and health status of wildlife in Southeast Asian countries

A novel sequencing-based vaginal health assay combining self-sampling, HPV detection and genotyping, STI detection, and vaginal microbiome analysis

The composition of the vaginal microbiome, including both the presence of pathogens involved in sexually transmitted infections (STI) as well as commensal microbiota, has been shown to have important associations for a woman´s reproductive and general health. Currently, healthcare providers cannot offer comprehensive vaginal microbiome screening, but are limited to the detection of individual pathogens, such as high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV), the predominant cause of cervical cancer. There is no single test on the market that combines HPV, STI, and microbiome screening. Here, we describe a novel inclusive vaginal health assay that combines self-sampling with sequencing-based HPV detection and genotyping, vaginal microbiome analysis, and STI-associated pathogen detection. The assay includes genotyping and detection of 14 hrHPV types, 5 low-risk HPV types (lrHPV), as well as the relative abundance of 31 bacterial taxa of clinical importance, including Lactobacillus, Sneathia, Gardnerella, and 3 pathogens involved in STI, with high sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility. For each of these taxa, reference ranges were determined in a group of 50 self-reported healthy women. The HPV sequencing portion of the test was evaluated against the digene High-Risk HPV HC2 DNA test. For hrHPV genotyping, agreement was 95.3% with a kappa of 0.804 (601 samples); after removal of samples in which the digene hrHPV probe showed cross-reactivity with lrHPV types, the sensitivity and specificity of the hrHPV genotyping assay were 94.5% and 96.6%, respectively, with a kappa of 0.841. For lrHPV genotyping, agreement was 93.9% with a kappa of 0.788 (148 samples), while sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 92.9%, respectively. This novel assay could be used to complement conventional cervical cancer screening, because its self-sampling format can expand access among women who would otherwise not participate, and because of its additional information about the composition of the vaginal microbiome and the presence of pathogens.Fil: Bik, Elisabeth M.. Ubiome;Fil: Bird, Sara W.. Ubiome;Fil: Bustamante, Juan Pablo. Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos. Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Bioingeniería y Bioinformática - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Bioingeniería y Bioinformática; ArgentinaFil: Leon, Luis E.. Ubiome

Regional variation in growth status. The Peruvian health and optimist growth study

Objective: This study aims to (1) investigate differences in weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC) among Peruvian children and ado lescents living in three areas located at different altitudes; (2) compare age and sex-specific height, weight, and BMI within each site with US reference data. Methods: We sampled 8753 subjects (4130 boys), aged 4 to 17 years from sea level, rainforest, and high-altitude. Height, weight, and WC were measured and BMI was calculated. Analysis of variance was used to compare variables across geographic regions, and the Hoff and Blackburn procedure was used to compare the Peruvian results with US reference data. Results: Participants living at sea level were taller, heavier, had greater BMI and WC relative to those living at high-altitude and in the rainforest. Peruvian schoolchildren of both sexes from the three geographical areas were shorter and lighter than their American peers. Boys and girls living in the rainforest and at high-altitude had lower BMI, whereas WC values of American schoolchildren are higher than those of the Peruvian children by age and gender. Conclusions: Peruvians living at different altitudes differ in their growth indi cators (height, weight, BMI, and WC), with significant differences between those living at sea level relative to their peers from other regions. Further, Peruvian schoolchildren of both sexes from the three geographical areas signif icantly differ from their US counterpartsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Sensibilización hacia el Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) a través de Scratch: una propuesta de intervención

La robótica educativa se ha consolidado como una herramienta de aprendizaje en el ámbito educativo. Este recurso utiliza la programación para desarrollar el pensamiento computacional y para practicar diversas habilidades demandadas por la sociedad actual. Una de las herramientas más utilizadas para programar es Scratch, capaz de adaptarse a cualquier necesidad. A pesar de ello, las actividades relacionadas con la programación y, en general, con la robótica educativa, que puedan ser utilizadas por el alumnado con Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) son bastante escasas. Por tanto, se plantea una propuesta de intervención para quinto curso de Educación Primaria, dentro de la educación no formal, dividida en dos bloques: con el primero de ellos se pretende que el alumnado aprenda y adquiera habilidades en programación con Scratch y con el segundo bloque, se busca conseguir la sensibilización de este alumnado hacia el TEA mediante la creación de dos proyectos con Scratch destinados al alumnado con autismo. Así bien, el análisis crítico de la viabilidad de la propuesta ha demostrado que las premisas metodológicas que se han planteado se adecuan correctamente y que a pesar de presentar algunas limitaciones, es adecuada para cumplir su propósito principal.<br /

La lesión grave a bienes constitucional y convencionalmente protegidos como categoría intermedia entre las nociones de daño y de perjuicio.

El presente documento tiene como objetivo evidenciar como al utilizar la nueva categoría de perjuicios denominada vulneración o afectación a bienes convencional y constitucionalmente protegidos (en adelante simplemente ABCCP), el Consejo de Estado ha desdibujado la distinción entre los conceptos de daño y perjuicio que había sostenido en su jurisprudencia. En ese marco y en la medida en que no ha logrado dilucidar la diferenciación de las nociones de daño y perjuicio, se defenderá la postura según la cual la nueva categoría de perjuicio ostenta una naturaleza dual de daño-perjuicio en cuanto a su contenido y alcanceThis paper aims to show how by using the new category of damages known as violation or affectation of conventionally and constitutionally protected rights, the Colombian State Council has left the distinction between the concepts of daño and perjuicio that it had sustained in its jurisprudence. Also, this works presents how this new category of damage understood as the Council State decisions has a dual daño-perjuicio nature and scope

El trabajo de la empatía en el contexto no formal: una propuesta de intervención

El presente Trabajo de Fin de Grado tiene como finalidad presentar la Empatía en la Educación Infantil desde contextos educativos no formales, mediante una revisión teórica de la Inteligencia Emocional y de la Empatía, de las características del desarrollo socioemocional de los niños de 3 a 6 años y de una propuesta de intervención. Está dirigido a los integrantes de las Colonias para niños en riesgo de exclusión social de la Granja-escuela Torrevirreina de Zaragoza), con características culturales, religiosas, educativas y sociales diversas. Se plantean doce sesiones de trabajo distribuidas a lo largo de las colonias, con objetivos, contenidos, metodología y evaluación. De esta manera, se pretende alcanzar el objetivo de este TFG, trabajando las competencias emocionales empáticas para que los niños adquieran recursos que les permitan mejorar las relaciones sociales y puedan comprender de una forma más positiva las emociones propias y las de los demás. Se incluye un análisis crítico de las posibilidades reales de la propuesta así como una valoración personal, que empodera la idea de que trabajar competencias emocionales y en concreto la empatía desde edades tempranas, es altamente beneficioso para los niños y en consecuencia, para docentes, familias y la sociedad en general.<br /

Estructuración de un bono social para una caja de compensación familiar en Colombia

En la presente investigación, se estudia la emisión de un bono social en la bolsa de valores por parte de una caja de compensación familiar (CCF) en Colombia, teniendo en cuenta que estos instrumentos de deuda no han sido utilizados por empresas del sistema subsidiado familiar. Para ello, se hizo un estudio de las emisiones de bonos sociales en Latinoamérica y otras partes del mundo, que dieran elementos para identificar sus principales características, las temáticas de los programas financiados y sus indicadores de desempeño. Se recolectó información de las diferentes tasas de financiación que existen en el mercado de valores colombiano y se comparó con la tasa promedio a la cual se han emitido los bonos sociales. Posteriormente, se analizó la estructura financiera de La Caja, tal como la capacidad de pago y los flujos de caja proyectados que soporten dicha emisión. Como resultado, y bajo los principios ICMA, se elabora un documento tipo marco de referencia para la emisión de un bono social por parte de la CCF seleccionada, de tal manera que sea una guía para futuras emisiones sociales del sistema de subsidio familiar. Vale la pena resaltar que en todo el proceso investigativo se evidenció una limitante importante, y es la poca información disponible sobre este tipo de emisiones; aún no se encuentra mucha documentación académica específica de esta clase de investigaciones para Colombia, además la información sobre las tasas de mercado de los bonos sociales tampoco está fácilmente disponible, ya que se negocian con poca recurrencia y en su mayoría no hay muchas más negociaciones después de la emisión.In this research, the issuance of a social bond in the stock market by a family compensation fund (CCF, by its acronym in Spanish) in Colombia is studied, taking into account that these debt instruments have not been used by companies of the family subsidized system. For that, a study of social bonds issued in Latin America and other parts of the world was carried out, which would provide elements to identify its main characteristics, the topics of the financed programs and their performance indicators. Information on different financing rates that exist in the Colombian stock market was collected and was compared with the average rate at which the social bonds have been issued. Subsequently, the financial structure of the compensation fund was analyzed, such as the payment capacity and the projected cash flows that support said issue. As a result, and under the ICMA principles, a reference framework document is prepared for the issuance of a social bond by the selected CCF, in such a way that it is a guide for future social issuances of the family subsidy system. It is worth to highlight that an important limitation was evidenced throughout the investigation process and is the poor information available on this type of emissions; there is still not much specific academic documentation for this kind of research in Colombia. Information on market rates for social bonds is also not readily available, since they are traded with little recurrence and for the most part there are not many more negotiations after the issuance