Mixed Ability Teaching and Learning:A didactic unit to narrow the gap between students with different levels of proficiency in the classroom

Este trabajo de fin de máster y la unidad que se propone son el resultado de la observación de un grupo de estudiantes en el colegio Escuelas Pías de Zaragoza, en el que había diferencias notables entre los estudiantes en relación a sus habilidades lingüísticas. Este trabajo plantea una unidad didáctica que toma como base diferentes teorías y estrategias planteadas para este tipo de clases con una variedad de niveles, y tiene como objetivo reducir las diferencias entre aquellos estudiantes con un nivel más alto, normal y más bajo, así como cubrir las necesidades individuales de los alumnos. Además, esta unidad también intenta integrar metodologías y enfoques actuales en relación a la materia de Inglés como lengua extranjera, como es el caso del método comunicativo.<br /

A construction of MDS array codes

In this paper a new construction of MDS array codes is introduced. In order to obtain a code with this property, the parity-check matrix is constructed just using a superregular matrix of blocks composed of powers of the companion matrix of a primitive polynomial. Also a decoding algorithm for these codes is introduced.The work of the first and the second authors was partially supported by Spanish grant MTM2011-24858 of the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad of the Gobierno de España. The work of first author was also partially supported by a grant for research students from the Generalitat Valenciana with reference BFPI/2008/138. The work of the third author was partially supported by the research project UMH-Bancaja with reference IPZS01

Computational Analysis of Interleaving PN-Sequences with Different Polynomials

Binary PN-sequences generated by LFSRs exhibit good statistical properties; however, due to their intrinsic linearity, they are not suitable for cryptographic applications. In order to break such a linearity, several approaches can be implemented. For example, one can interleave several PN-sequences to increase the linear complexity. In this work, we present a deep randomness study of the resultant sequences of interleaving binary PN-sequences coming from different characteristic polynomials with the same degree. We analyze the period and the linear complexity, as well as many other important cryptographic properties of such sequences.This work was supported in part by the Spanish State Research Agency (AEI) of the Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN), project P2QProMeTe (PID2020-112586RB-I00/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033). It was also supported by Comunidad de Madrid (Spain) under project CYNAMON (P2018/TCS-4566), co-funded by FSE and European Union FEDER funds. The work of the second author was partially supported by Spanish grant VIGROB-287 of the University of Alicante

Interleaving Shifted Versions of a PN-Sequence

The output sequence of the shrinking generator can be considered as an interleaving of determined shifted versions of a single PN -sequence. In this paper, we present a study of the interleaving of a PN-sequence and shifted versions of itself. We analyze some important cryptographic properties as the period and the linear complexity in terms of the shifts. Furthermore, we determine the total number of the interleaving sequences that achieve each possible value of the linear complexity.This research is partially supported by Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (MINECO), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI), and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER, UE) under project COPCIS, reference TIN2017-84844-C2-1-R. It is also supported by Comunidad de Madrid (Spain) under project CYNAMON (P2018/TCS-4566), co-funded by FSE and European Union FEDER funds. Finally, the third author is partially supported by Spanish grant VIGROB-287 of the Universitat d’Alacant

An Efficient Algorithm to Compute the Linear Complexity of Binary Sequences

Binary sequences are algebraic structures currently used as security elements in Internet of Things devices, sensor networks, e-commerce, and cryptography. In this work, a contribution to the evaluation of such sequences is introduced. In fact, we present a novel algorithm to compute a fundamental parameter for this kind of structure: the linear complexity, which is related to the predictability (or non-predictability) of the binary sequences. Our algorithm reduced the computation of the linear complexity to just the addition modulo two (XOR logic operation) of distinct terms of the sequence. The performance of this procedure was better than that of other algorithms found in the literature. In addition, the amount of required sequence to perform this computation was more realistic than in the rest of the algorithms analysed. Tables, figures, and numerical results complete the work.This work was supported in part by the Spanish State Research Agency (AEI) of the Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN), Project P2QProMeTe (PID2020-112586RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033), co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF, EU). It is also supported by Comunidad de Madrid (Spain) under Project CYNAMON (P2018/TCS-4566), co-funded by FSE and European Union FEDER funds. The work of the second author was partially supported by Spanish Grant VIGROB-287 of the University of Alicante

DNA metabolism's role in neuronal activity-dependent processes

Programa de Doctorado en NeurocienciasRecently some studies demonstrate that adult neuronal genome is a genetic mosaic but the role of this mosaicism and how is generated are not well known. The two main mechanisms that could result in the neuronal mosaic genome are somatic recombination and the LINE-1 (L1) retrotransposition. Some evidences, alterations in central nervous system development found in knock-out (KO) mice for proteins related with DNA repair processes and L1 activation in neuronal precursors, suggest that neuronal genome mosaicism may be related with the generation of neuronal diversity during central nervous system development. However, if genome reorganization processes happen in the adult nervous system during neuronal plasticity events are not established. Recently, it has been reported that neuronal activity transiently provokes increase of neuronal DNA breaks in cerebral areas where long-term neuronal plasticity events takes place, in some case related with cognition. DNA breaks have been related with the initial steps of gene expression activation, but also can be compatible with genomic reorganization. The main objective of this PhD project was determinate the potential role of processes that may result in genomic reorganization during neuronal activation. Firstly, we studied the importance of adult L1 retrotransposition in neuronal activation processes. Our results showed an activity-dependent increase in genome de novo L1 insertions in the hippocampus. Also using systemic pharmacologic and intrahippocampal genetic approaches, we demonstrate that L1 activation in the adult hippocampus is required for long-term memory formation. Secondly, we looked for evidences of potential genome reorganization events induced by exploration of an enriched environment, a protocol that provokes neuronal activity-dependent events. Exploratory session provoked an increase in the number of neurons containing DNA breaks, measured as the number of cells with 53BP1 foci, and in gene expression of genes related with DNA metabolism and DNA breaks. Both events happen in a sequential temporal-dependent manner in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Thirdly, to clear up the possible physiological role of DNA metabolism proteins in cognition, we made transient knock down of tyrosil-DNA phosphodiesterases 1 and 2, and h2ax, by intrahippocampal administration with specific antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), and passive avoidance, an hippocampal-dependent cognition test. Hippocampal knock down of these three proteins provoked impairment in long-term memory formation in passive avoidance test. Finally, using the H2AX-/- mice we studied the role of H2AX in central nervous system function. H2AX-/- mice showed morphological alterations in the amygdala and hippocampus compared with the wt mice. Also, at behavioral level H2AX-/- mice presented deficits in depressive, cognition and social behaviors. In conclusion, all these data together suggest activity-dependent neural DNA reorganizations in the adult hippocampus. In addition, genetic and pharmacological manipulations of DNA reorganizations events in adult brain seem to affect cognition processes such as memory formation. Finally, depletion of H2AX in the germinal line provokes alteration in central nervous system function.Universidad Pablo de Olavide. Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología CelularPostprin

Evolutionary analysis of genes coding for Cysteine-RIch Secretory Proteins (CRISPs) in mammals

Cysteine-RIch Secretory Proteins (CRISP) are expressed in the reproductive tract of mammalian males and are involved in fertilization and related processes. Due to their important role in sperm performance and sperm-egg interaction, these genes are likely to be exposed to strong selective pressures, including postcopulatory sexual selection and/or male-female coevolution. We here perform a comparative evolutionary analysis of Crisp genes in mammals. Currently, the nomenclature of CRISP genes is confusing, as a consequence of discrepancies between assignments of orthologs, particularly due to numbering of CRISP genes. This may generate problems when performing comparative evolutionary analyses of mammalian clades and species. To avoid such problems, we first carried out a study of possible orthologous relationships and putative origins of the known CRISP gene sequences. Furthermore, and with the aim to facilitate analyses, we here propose a different nomenclature for CRISP genes (EVAC1-4, "EVolutionarily-analyzed CRISP") to be used in an evolutionary context.Fil: Arévalo, Lena. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales; España. Universitat Bonn; AlemaniaFil: Brukman, Nicolás Gastón. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Cuasnicu, Patricia Sara. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Roldan, Eduardo R. S.. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales; Españ

La influencia de la inteligencia emocional en el rendimiento académico de estudiantes de noveno grado del Centro Escolar República Oriental del Uruguay del municipio de Mejicanos, San Salvador

Los objetivos planteados orientaron la investigación de la influencia de la inteligencia emocional en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de noveno grado, también se planteó la elaboración de un instrumento de recopilación de datos y basado en los resultados se diseñó una propuesta de programa de intervención dirigido a potenciar la inteligencia emocional. La metodología consto de una investigación diagnostica de enfoque cuantitativos tipo descriptiva, siendo parte de la muestra 54 estudiantes que oscilaron entre edades de 13 a 18 años de edad, donde el tipo de muestreo fue aleatorio simple; dentro de los instrumentos de recopilación de datos fueron: Inventario de Inteligencia emocional de Bar On, escala de observación de conducta y cuadro de vaciado de notas académicas brindadas por la institución. Los resultados finales denotaron que en la muestra evaluada existe una relación significativa entre la inteligencia emocional y el rendimiento académico, identificando los estudiantes que necesitan un reforzamiento en inteligencia emocional, para lo que se diseñó una propuesta de programa psicoterapéutico el cual consta de 5 sesiones vivenciales donde los alumnos/as podrán fortalecer las habilidades emocionales en las áreas que necesitan intervenir

Impacto de infecciones nosocomiales en pacientes postoperados de cirugía cardiaca

INTRODUCCIÓN: Las infecciones nosocomiales en el postoperatorio de una cirugía cardiaca constituyen una importante causa de mortalidad y están asociadas a estancias prolongadas en el hospital, necesidad creciente de terapia antimicrobiana y altos costes concurrentes. Algunos studios llevados a cabo, han analizado la incidencia de infecciones nosocomiales en pacientes postoperados de cirugía cardiaca y han evaluado los posibles factores de riesgo, pero ninguno ha analizado el papel de la infección nosocomial como principal factor de mortalidad en estos pacientes. OBJETIVOS: determinar la tasa de infecciones nosocomiales en pacientes postoperados de cirugía cardiaca e identificar los factores de riesgo e impacto de esas infecciones en la mortalidad de los pacientes. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Este estudio observacional retrospectivo incluyó 1097 pacientes intervenidos de cirugía cardiaca (valvular, derivación coronaria o ambas) en el Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid entre enero de 2011 y enero de 2016. RESULTADOS: 111 pacientes (10,1%) adquirieron una infección nosocomial durante el periodo postoperatorio. La neumonía (4,2%) fue la infección nosocomial más frecuente seguida por la infección de herida quirúrgica (3,2%), infección urinaria (2,7%) y bacteriemia (2,6%). Se identificaron 3 factores de riesgo independientes para el desarrollo de infecciones nosocomiales: bypass cardiopulmonar, fallo renal y cirugía urgente. La duración de la estancia en la Unidad de Reanimación fue significativamente mayor en pacientes que adquirieron infecciones nosocomiales (16,6 ± 38,8 vs. 4,4 ± 17,8 días). La tasa de mortalidad de los pacientes que adquirieron una infección nosocomial (18%) fue significativamente mayor que los que no la adquirieron (5%). La supervivencia a los 90 días fue mayor en los pacientes sin infección nosocomial (Log Rank 27,552; p< 0,001). De la misma manera, la supervivencia a los 90 días fue mayor en pacientes que no sufrieron neumonía (Log Rank 31,348; p< 0.001) o bacteriemia (Log Rank 22,390; p< 0.001), y la mortalidad no fue mayor en los pacientes que sufrieron una infección urinaria o infección de herida quirúrgica. El análisis multivariante mostró que la duración del bypass cardiopulmonar (AOR, Razón de Probabilidades Ajustada) = 1,01; 95% IC (Intervalo de Confianza) 1,00 a 1,01; p< 0.001), la infección nosocomial (AOR = 3,10; 95% IC 1,32 to 7,25; p 3 IMPACTO DE INFECCIONES NOSOCOMIALES EN PACIENTES POSTOPERADOS DE CIRUGÍA CARDIACA = 0.009) y el EuroScore (AOR = 1,08; 95% IC 1,02 to 1,13; p = 0.003) fueron factores de riesgo independientes asociados con la mortalidad hospitalaria. CONCLUSIONES: Las infecciones nosocomiales en pacientes postoperados de cirugía cardiaca constituyen un factor de riesgo de mortalidad independiente. La prevención de las infecciones nosocomiales debe ser prioritaria para mejorar la morbimortalidad y los resultados a largo plazo en nuestros pacientes.Grado en Medicin