Evaluation of oxidative stress in degenerative rotator cuff tears

Background: Oxidative stress occurs as a result of the disruption of the balance between the formations of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defense mechanisms during the conversion of nutrients into energy. Increased body oxidative stress has been reported to be involved in the etiology of several degenerative and chronic diseases. We hypothesized that the body oxidative stress level is higher in patients with atraumatic degenerative rotator cuff tear than that in healthy individuals. Methods: The patients who underwent arthroscopic repair for atraumatic, degenerative rotator cuff tear were prospectively evaluated. A total of 30 patients (group 1, 19 females and 11 males; mean age: 57.33 ± 6.96 years; range: 50-77 years) and 30 healthy individuals (group 2, 18 females and 12 males; mean age: 56.77 ± 6 years; range: 51-72 years) were included in the study. The Constant and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons scoring systems were used to evaluate the clinical outcomes. Serum oxidative stress parameters of the patients and the control group were biochemically evaluated. Accordingly, thiol/disulfide (DS) balance (DS/native thiol [NT], DS/total thiol [TT]), Total Oxidant Status (TOS), oxidative stress index, and nuclear factor erythroid-2–associated factor-2 values were used as the biochemical parameters indicating an increase in the serum oxidative stress level. Total antioxidant status and NT/TT values served as the biochemical parameters indicating a decrease in the serum oxidative stress level. Results: The study follow-up duration was 12 months. A statistically significant increase was observed in American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons and Constant scores of patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair relative to that during the preoperative period (P = .01). The values of biochemical parameters (DS/NT, DS/TT, TOS, oxidative stress index, and nuclear factor erythroid-2–associated factor-2), which indicated an increase in the serum oxidative stress, were significantly higher in preoperative patients than those in postoperative patients, albeit the control group values were significantly lower than those of the postoperative patients. The biochemical parameters (NT/TT and total antioxidant status) indicating a decrease in the serum oxidative stress levels were significantly higher in the postoperative patients than those in the preoperative patients and significantly lower than those in the control group. Conclusion: High levels of markers indicating an increase in the serum oxidative stress in patients with degenerative rotator cuff rupture suggested that TOS may be involved in the etiopathogenesis of rotator cuff degeneration. Although the oxidative load decreases during the postoperative period, the fact that it is still higher than that in healthy individuals supports this claim. © 2022 Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery Board of Trustee

Late Acheulean Lithic Assemblages From Locality 010 at Gurgurbaba Hill (Eastern Anatolia)

The province of Van in north-eastern Turkey served as a land bridge between Africa and Eurasia during the Palaeolithic. The region is of particular relevance for understanding the movement of hominins between these continents. This study concerns the lithic remains from a locality at Gurgurbaba Hill, named Locality 010, north of the village of Ulupamir (Ercis district). Locality 010 was dated to 311 +/- 32 kya by terrestrial cosmogenic nuclides method, which coincides with Marine Isotope Stage 9 (MIS 9), a Middle Pleistocene interglacial period. The assemblage from this site is attributed to the Late Acheulean and resembles that of the southern Caucasus. This similarity indicates that the artefacts from Locality 010 were probably produced by late Lower Palaeolithic technology in a broad sense. These findings suggest local adaptations of late Middle Pleistocene hominins to high plateau environments

İzole Tip 2 Slap Lezyonu Nedeniyle Artroskopik Tamir Uygulanan Hastaların Kısa Dönem Klinik Sonuçlarının Değerlendirilmesi

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical outcomes of isolated type IIsuperior labrum anteriorposterior (SLAP) lesions which were repaired arthroscopically Methods: The patientswho wereunderwent arthroscopic stabilization for isolated type IISLAP lesions werereviewed retrospectively. Shoulder function was evaluated according to the Constant-Murley score and visual analog scale (VAS) .Ranges of motion of the shoulders were evaluated both preoperatively and at the final follow-up. Results: A total of19 patients were evaluated. Of the patients; 15 were male and 4 were female and 31.5(23-45) was determined to be the mean age. Mean follow-up duration was 16.8 months (8-26). Preoperative mean Constant-Murley score was57 (40-71), whereas it was determined to be a mean of 81 (66- 98) at the final follow-up. VAS was determined to be 7(6-9) preoperatively, whereas it was determined to be 2 (0-5) at the final follow-up. Statistically significant differences were determined for both scoring systems at the final follow-up compared with the preoperative period(p<0.001). Conclusion: Arthroscopic repair ofisolated type II SLAP lesionsappeared as a reliable and effective procedure with respect to short-time clinical outcomes

Terrestrial cosmogenic 10Be dating of the Última Esperanza ice lobe moraines (52°S, Patagonia) indicates the global Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) extent was half of the local LGM

Whether glaciers in the southern hemisphere were asynchronous to those in the north during the global Last Glacial Maximum (gLGM; 26.5–19 ka) is still debated. In Patagonia (South America), numerous ice lobes attained their maximum extents during diverse episodes of the last glacial cycle. To understand the variations in the gLGM vs local LGM record, we studied the Lago Aníbal Pinto area (52°00′ S, 72°40′ E; Chile), where several moraine belts were deposited by one of the eastward-flowing southern Patagonian Ice Sheet (PIS) outlet ice lobes; the Última Esperanza. We report eight 10Be terrestrial cosmogenic nuclides (TCN) surface ages from granitic moraine boulders. Our weighted average age obtained from the southern part of the Río Turbio moraine belt yields 50.7 ± 2.4 ka (oldest boulder age; 53.8 ± 5.3 ka) and confirms the greatest extent of the local Last Glacial Maximum (lLGM) during Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3) in the previously dated northern moraines from the same belt. Our 10Be TCN age (32.6 ± 2.2 ka) derived from the Dos Lagunas moraine, which makes up the northernmost margin of the Última Esperanza ice lobe's Arauco advance, also validates the MIS 3 timing. Following the formation of Arauco moraines, the Última Esperanza ice lobe was split into three main tributaries in the south, which formed three restricted and previously undated moraine complexes. We dated one of them, the Aníbal Pinto moraine complex. Whereas the highest moraine yielded the oldest age (28.3 ± 2.2 ka), lower moraine's surface that was later truncated as a lacustrine erosional platform, yielded younger boulder ages (weighted average age = 18.9 ± 1.0 ka; oldest boulder age = 19.0 ± 1.5 ka), indicating they were deposited under the Pinto Lake level. Our new age data allow us to propose a new chronology for the Aníbal Pinto moraine complex and consolidate previously published ages from other moraine belts. We attribute the Aníbal Pinto moraine complex to early gLGM (MIS 2), emphasising that the gLGM was half the extent of lLGM in the Última Esperanza ice lobe that underpins its interhemispheric asynchronous character

Quaternary rock uplift rates and their implications for the western flank of the North Anatolian Fault restraining bend; inferences from fluvial terrace ages

In the western flank of the North Anatolian Fault restraining bend (i.e., Central Pontides), the Filyos River incises through the uplifting Karabük Range, creating the ~1.7-km-deep Filyos River Gorge on the hanging wall of the reverse Karabük Fault. Seven fluvial strath terrace levels are preserved in this gorge. optically stimulated luminescence ages from quartz-rich sediments of five terrace levels reveal an average long-term rock uplift rate of 0.45 ± 0.02 mm yr−1 with an unsteady pattern of uplift during the last 542 ± 24 kyr. Uplift rates of 1.52 ± 0.6 and 0.74 ± 0.3 mm yr−1 occurred before 366 ± 19 kyr, followed by lower rates of ~0.1 and 0.31 mm yr−1 through present. These later uplift rates may reflect relatively slower tectonic rates since ~366 kyr, with closer similarity to regional uplift rates of ~0.3 mm yr−1 yielded from the eastern flank of the Central Pontides. The Karabük Range fluvial terraces are near the North Anatolian Fault, meaning pre- ~366 kyr uplift rates may be a glimpse of the highest Central Pontides Quaternary rock uplift rates on uplifting hanging wall blocks activated by the restraining bend. When we consider offshore seismic reflection data, the focal mechanism solution of the Bartın Earthquake, onshore structural data, and regional tectonic geomorphology, the western flank of the Central Anatolian Plateau's northern margin is propagating northward as a growing orogenic wedge with a positive flower-structure geometry.This study was funded by the European Commission as part of the Marie‐Curie‐ITN ALErT project (Grant FP7‐PEOPLE‐ 2013‐ITN, 607996). We would like to thank A.E. Erginal for the carbonate content measurements of our OSL samples. We would also like to thank Oğuzhan Köse for help in the field as well as anonymous reviewers for their contributions.Publisher's Versio

Some new records of Anatolia Newt, Neurergus strauchii (Steindacher 1887) from Eastern Anatolia, Turkey.

Bu çalışma ile; Neurergus strauchii için Doğu ve Güneydoğu Anadolu bölgesinden 32 yeni lokalite tespit edilmiştir. Arazi çalışmaları 2005-2017 yılları arasında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak; türün dağılış sahasının batı, güney ve güneydoğu istikametinde genişlemiş ve bilinen dağılış alanları arasındaki boşluklar doldurulmuştur. Bununla birlikte tür Adıyaman ilinden ilk kez tespit edilmiştir. Gelecekte yapılacak olan koruma ve yönetim çalışmaları için dağılış alanı güncellenmiştir.Here, we report 32 new localities for Neurergus strauchii (Steindacher 1887) from southern and eastern Anatolia, Turkey, based on fieldwork conducted in 2005 - 2017. These results represent range extension to the west, the south, and the northeast and fill the gaps on its distribution. Besides, the species is first time reported from Adıyaman province. We updated the distribution of N. strauchii for future conservation and management studies

Quaternary uplift of the northern margin of the Central Anatolian Plateau: New OSL dates of fluvial and delta-terrace deposits of the Kizilirmak River, Black Sea coast, Turkey

We analysed the interplay between coastal uplift, sea level change in the Black Sea, and incision of the Kizilirmak River in northern Turkey. These processes have created multiple co-genetic fluvial and marine terrace sequences that serve as excellent strain markers to assess the ongoing evolution of the Pontide orogenic wedge and the growth of the northern margin of the Central Anatolian Plateau. We used high-resolution topographic data, OSL ages, and published information on past sea levels to analyse the spatiotemporal evolution of these terraces; we derived a regional uplift model for the northward advancing orogenic wedge that supports the notion of laterally variable uplift rates along the flanks of the Pontides. The best-fit uplift model defines a constant long-term uplift rate of 0.28 +/- 0.07 m/ka for the last 545 ka. This model explains the evolution of the terrace sequence in light of active tectonic processes and superposed cycles of climate-controlled sea-level change. Our new data reveal regional uplift characteristics that are comparable to the inner sectors of the Central Pontides; accordingly, the rate of uplift diminishes with increasing distance from the main strand of the restraining bend of the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ). This spatial relationship between the regional impact of the restraining bend of the NAFZ and uplift of the Pontide wedge thus suggests a strong link between the activity of the NAFZ, deformation and uplift in the Pontide orogenic wedge, and the sustained lateral growth of the Central Anatolian Plateau flank.Publisher's Versio

10Be chronology of deglaciation and ice-dammed lake regression in the vicinity of the Mylodon Cave (Cerro Benítez, Patagonia, Chile)

Located 51.5°S in the vicinity of the Southern Patagonian Ice Field, Cerro Benítez and the glacial valley of Lago Sofía host several caves and rock shelters that were occupied by megafauna and humans during the Late Pleistocene, including the Mylodon Cave and two of the oldest archaeological sites in Patagonia. During the last glaciation, Cerro Benítez was alternately covered by the Patagonian Ice Sheet and surrounded by an ice-dammed lake which restricted the access to the caves and rock shelters located under its uppermost level, 155 m a.s.l. This study aims to provide a detailed chronology of the deglaciation and lake regression in Cerro Benítez. The glacial fluctuations and the variations of lake level were reconstructed from multi-scale, remote-sensing data and field geomorphological mapping. In addition, we calculated the surface exposure age of 11 erratic blocks located above and on the lacustrine erosional platform using terrestrial cosmogenic 10Be in order to date ice downwasting and lake regression, respectively. Dates of ice downwasting and lake regression events were modelled from prior surface exposure ages using Bayesian statistics. The results suggest that the Patagonian Ice Sheet locally thinned by at least 300 m during MIS 3 in the aftermath of a major glacial advance. Following deglaciation, the ice-dammed lake experienced a slow local regression (ca. 2.5 mm. a−1) until 16.9 ka B2k, interpreted as the result of lake basin tilting due to differential post-glacial isostatic rebound. This initial phase of lake regression was followed by a faster regression caused by the reversal of the lake drainage between 16.9 and 15.4 ka B2k. We assess the chronological model by comparison with uplift and lakeshore erosion rates from the literature and eventually discuss the implications for megafaunal colonisation of the area