Arang Dan Cuka Kayu : Produk Hhbk Untuk Stimulan Pertumbuhan Mengkudu (Morinda Citrifolia)

Tulisan ini menyajikan hasil penelitian pemanfaatan arang kompos serasah, arang serbuk gergaji, arang bambu, cuka kayu, campuran arang kompos serasah dan cuka kayu dan mikoriza terhadap media tumbuh anakan mengkudu selama tiga bulan di Rumah Kaca. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan arang serbuk gergaji, arang bambu, arang kompos serasah, cuka kayu dan mikoriza terhadap pertumbuhan anakan mengkudu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa arang kompos serasah, arang serbuk gergaji dan arang bambu sebesar 20% dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tinggi, diameter, panjang dan lebar daun anakan mengkudu. Cuka kayu dengan konsentrasi 2% dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan terutama diameter anakan mengkudu.sebesar 3 kali. Campuran arang kompos serasah 10% dan cuka kayu 2% merupakan kombinasi terbaik dan memberikan pengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan anakan mengkudu terutama pada peningkatan pertumbahan tinggi, panjang dan lebar daun sebesar 2,72; 2,13 dan 1,40 kali. Penambahan 1 tablet mikoriza dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tinggi, diameter, panjang dan lebar daun anakan mengkudu sebesar 2,18 ; 1,67 ; 2,08 dan 1,50 kali

Identification the Potential Types of Fungi on Establishment Agarwood Stem of Aquilaria spp.

One of tree genus that becomes the main source of agarwood producer is Aquilaria. The formation of agarwood was believed as response of agarwood trees to many factors, likes plant physiological and pathogenic fungi infection. A number of isolates that have the potential to induce agarwood has been isolated from wood samples from different areas such as Bangka, Bogor, Bohorok, Gorontalo, East Kalimantan, Lampung, Mentawai, Papua, and Sukabumi. This study aimed to obtain information on the types of fungi isolated from stem-forming agarwood Aquilaria spp that successful collection of Microbiology Laboratory of Forestry Research in Bogor. Identification was done by observing morphological features from cultured isolates on PDA and BLA. The results of identification of isolates collection include species of Fusarium solani (Mart.), Appell and Walenw, F. tricinctum (corda) Sacc, F sambucinum Fuckel, and F. Moniliformae

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Increased Early Growth of Gaharu Wood of Aquilaria Malaccencsis and a. Crasna Under Greenhouse Conditions

Gaharu wood stand has an important source of profits to the forest community in South and Southeast Asia tropical forest countries, but Aquilaria species have reduced in number and turn out to be endangered due to overexploitation. Today, the planting stocks of Aquilaria species are not sufficient to sustain the yield of gaharu wood and promote forest conservation. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of five arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi: Entrophospora sp., Gigaspora decipiens, Glomus clarum, Glomus sp. ZEA, and Glomus sp. ACA, on the early growth of Aquilaria malaccensis and A. crasna under greenhouse conditions. The seedlings of Aquilaria spp. were inoculated with Entrophospora sp., Gi. decipiens, Glomus clarum, Glomus sp. ZEA, Glomus sp. ACA and uninoculated (control) under greenhouse conditions. Then, percentage AM colonization, plant growth, survival rate and nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) content and mycorrhizal dependence (MD) were measured. The percentage AM colonization of A. malaccensis and A. crasna ranged from 83 to 97% and from 63 to 78%, respectively. Colonization by five AM fungi increased plant height, diameter, and shoot and root dry weights. N and P content of the seedlings were also increased by AM colonization. Survival rates were higher in the AM-colonized seedlings at 180 days after transplantation than those in the control seedlings. The MD of Aquilaria species was higher than 55 %. The results suggested that AM fungi can be inoculated`to Aquilaria species under nursery conditions to obtain vigorous seedlings, and the field experiment is underway to clarify the role of AM fungi under field conditions

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Increased Plant Growth and Nutrient Concentrations of Milkwood Tropical Tree Species Alstonia Scholaris Under Greenhouse Conditions

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of five arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on the early growth of Alstonia scholaris (milkwood) seedlings. The seedlings were inoculated with Glomus clarum Nicholson & Schenk, Gigaspora decipiens Hall & Abbott, Glomus sp. ACA Tulasne & Tulasne, Entrophospora sp. Ames & Scheneider, and Glomus sp. ZEA Tulasne & Tulasne, and uninoculated (control) under greenhouse conditions. Percentage of AM colonization, plant growth, survival rate, mycorrhizal dependency (MD), shoot nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) concentrations were measured after 150 days. Survival rates were higher in the AM-colonized seedlings at 150 days after transplantation than those in the control seedlings. Mycorrhizal Dependency (MD) values were 80, 78, 79, 78 and 78% in A. scholaris inoculated with G. clarum, G. decipiens, Glomus sp. ACA, Entrophospora sp., and Glomus sp. ZEA, respectively. Shoot N, P, K, Ca and Mg content of the seedlings were increased by AM fungi as much as 82-86, 81-86, 81-86, 88-91 and 85-90%, respectively. The percentage of AM colonization of A. scholaris ranged from 64 to 91 %. Colonization by five AM fungi increased plant height, diameter, total fresh weight, total dry weight and total length root. Glomus clarum was more effective in improving nutrient content and plant growth of A. scholaris than G. decipiens, Entrophospora sp., Glomus sp. ZEA and Glomus sp. ACA. Total root length of A. scholaris ranged from 1,180 to 1,310 cm. The results suggest that AM fungi can accelerate the establishment of the seedling stocks of A. scholaris. This finding would contribute to the effort of establishing A. scholaris plantation

Identifikasi Mikroba Potensial Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula (Fma) Pada Lahan Pascatambang PT. Holcim Indonesia Tbk. Cibinong, Bogor, Jawa Barat

Impact of mining activity on environment is very significant, especially in the form of pollution on surface water and ground water. Therefore, it is necessary to rehabilitate the damaged ecosystem in post mining land by introduction of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) as source of local potential inoculants. The objective of this research was identifying AMF species on the basis of size, color, and ornament of the spore. Research method comprised identification of species and number of AMF spore in shale post mining location (Site-1) and limestone post mining location (Site-2) with 4 replications for each site. Research result showed the finding of four genera of AMF, namely genera Glomus sp, Scutelospora sp, Gigaspora sp and Acaulosopra sp. Identification result in the first location showed findings of AMF Glomus-1 as many as 186 spores, Glomus-2 as many as 71 spores, Scutelospora as many as 43 spores, Acaulospora as many as 18 spores and Gigaspora as many as 8 spores. On the second site there were identified AMF spores of Glomus-1 as many as 112 spores, Glomus-2 as many as 45 spores, Scutelospora as many as 12 spores and Gigaspora as many as 9 spores. This research is useful for accelerating the success of revegetation in post mining land

Studi Biodegradasi Karbofuran Oleh Pseudomonas sp. (Studi of The Carbofuran Biodegradation by Pseudomonas sp.)

Carbofuran is one of the pesticides with large spectrum (action in many hosts and kill off many pests), high toxicity to mammals, recalcitrant and tend to build the “soil-bunded residues”. Application of this compound for a long time may cause hazard tothe environment. An effort to manage the pollutin problem is by using of this compound as sole carbon, nitrogen and energy sources. The degradation process took 5 weeks with the efficiency values 68%

IDENTIFIKASI MIKROBA POTENSIAL FUNGI MIKORIZA ARBUSKULA (FMA) PADA LAHAN PASCATAMBANG PT. HOLCIM INDONESIA Tbk. CIBINONG, BOGOR, JAWA BARAT

 Impact of mining activity on environment is very significant, especially in the form of pollution on surface water and ground water. Therefore, it is necessary to rehabilitate the damaged ecosystem in post mining land by introduction of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) as source of local potential inoculants. The objective of this research was identifying AMF species on the basis of size, color, and ornament of the spore. Research method comprised identification of species and number of AMF spore in shale post mining location (Site-1) and limestone post mining location (Site-2) with 4 replications for each site. Research result showed the finding of four genera of AMF, namely genera Glomus sp, Scutelospora sp, Gigaspora sp and Acaulosopra sp. Identification result in the first location showed findings of AMF Glomus-1 as many as 186 spores, Glomus-2 as many as 71 spores, Scutelospora as many as 43 spores, Acaulospora as many as 18 spores and Gigaspora as many as 8 spores. On the second site there were identified AMF spores of Glomus-1 as many as 112 spores, Glomus-2 as many as 45 spores, Scutelospora as many as 12 spores and Gigaspora as many as 9 spores. This research is useful for accelerating the success of revegetation in post mining land

Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Colonization on Early Growth and Nutrient Content of Two Peat­ Swamp Forest Tree Species Seedlings, Calophyllum Hosei and Ploiarium Alternifolium

Tropical peat-swamp forests are one of the largest near-surface reserves of terrestrial organic carbon, but rnany peat-swamp forest tree species decreased due over-exploitation, forest fire and conversion of natural forests into agricultural lands. Among those species are slow-growing Calophyllum hoseiand Ploiarium alternifolium, two species are good for construction of boats, furniture, house building and considerable attention from pharmacological viewpoint for human healthly. This study was aimed at understanding the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on early growth of C. hosei and P.alternifoliumunder greenhouse condition. Seedlings of C. hosei and P.alternifoliumwere inoculated with AM fungi: Glomus clarum and Glomus aggregatum ,or uninoculated under greenhouse condition during 6 months. AM colonization, plant growth, survival rate and nutrient content (P, Zn and B) were measured. The percentage of C. hoseiand P.alternifolium ranged from 27-32% and 18-19%, respectively. Both inoculated seedling species had greater plant height, diameter, leaf number, shoot and root dry weight than control seedlings. Nutrient content of inoculated plants were increased with AM colonization- Survival rates of inoculated plants were higher (100%) than those of control plants (67%). The results suggested that inoculation of AM fungi could improve the early growth of C. hoseiand P.alternifolium grown in tropical peat-swamp forest therefore this finding has greater potential impact if this innovative technology applied in field scales which are socially acceptable, commercially profitable and environmentally friendly

Species Diversity of Undergrowth Vegetation in Former Silica and Limestone Mining Land at PT Holcim Indonesia Tbk, West Java Indonesia

Open pit mining causes damage on ground cover vegetation, increase of erosion rate, decrease of land productivity, and decrease of soil fertility

Identification of Morphological Characters of Aquilaria microcarpa in the Interaction with Fusarium solani

The principal mechanism acted in the formation of aloes on gaharu trees has not been well understood. The formation was thought to be one part of plant defense systems. The response of plants during interactions with pathogens is to react by synthesizing variety of toxic molecules both protein and non-protein molecules serving as protection against pathogens. Changes occurring in plants as a result of damage or stress were a response of induction causes. This study aimed to determine the effect of induction of the Fusarium spp inoculant (after 3 years) on the phenotypes of Aquilaria microcarpa. Based on observations and measurements of the general characters, results indicated that the inoculated Aquilaria microcarpa plants in Carita Banten had significant mean values higher than that of the un-noculated plants. In the inoculated plants, morphological character of total height was highly correlated with stems robustness, height of branch-free, diameter and volume of branch free