Empirical calibration of the \lambda 4000 \AA break

Empirical fitting functions, describing the behaviour of the \lambda 4000 \AA break, D_4000, in terms of effective temperature, metallicity and surface gravity, are presented. For this purpose, the break has been measured in 392 stars from the Lick/IDS Library. We have followed a very detailed error treatment in the reduction and fitting procedures, allowing for a reliable estimation of the break uncertainties. This calibration can be easily incorporated into stellar population models to provide accurate predictions of the break amplitude for, relatively old, composite systems.Comment: 21 pages including 7 postscript figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy in Astrophysics Supplement Series. Table 1 will be also available at CD

Massive transfusion triggers in severe trauma: Scoping review

Objetivo: identificar as variáveis preditivas ou os desencadeantes de transfusão maciça em pacientes com trauma grave através das escalas existentes. Método: foi realizada uma revisão da literatura utilizando o método Scoping Review, nas bases de dados eletrônicas CINAHL, MEDLINE, LILACS, nas bibliotecas Cochrane e IBECS, e a ferramenta de busca do Google Scholar. Resultados: foram identificados 578 artigos na pesquisa no total, dos quais foram incluídos os 36 artigos publicados nos últimos dez anos, sendo 29 artigos originais e 7 artigos de revisão. A partir da análise, foram examinadas as escalas de transfusão maciça e seus desencadeantes preditivos. Conclusão: a falta de critérios universais com relação aos desencadeadores de transfusão em maciça em pacientes traumatizados levou à criação de diferentes escalas, sendo os estudos sobre sua validação considerados importantes para as estudos sobre quando iniciar essa estratégia.Objetivo: identificar las variables predictivas o los triggers de transfusión masiva en el paciente traumatizado grave a través de las escalas existentes. Método: se realizó una revisión de la literatura mediante el método Scoping Review, en las bases de datos electrónicas CINAHL, MEDLINE, LILACS, las bibliotecas Cochrane e IBECS, y el buscador Google Scholar. Resultados: un total de 578 artículos fueron identificados en la búsqueda, de los cuales, se incluyeron un total de 36 publicados en los últimos diez años, distribuidos en 29 originales y 7 de revisión. Del análisis, se examinaron las escalas de transfusión masiva y sus triggers predictivos. Conclusión: la inexistencia de criterios universales respecto a los triggers de transfusión masiva en el paciente traumatizado ha traído consigo la creación de diferentes escalas, donde los estudios de validación de las mismas se detectan como relevantes para la investigación sobre cuando iniciar esta estrategia.Objective: to identify the predictive variables or the massive transfusion triggers in severely traumatized patients through the existing scales. Method: a review of the literature was carried out using the Scoping Review method across the electronic databases CINAHL, MEDLINE, LILACS, the Cochrane and IBECS libraries, and the Google Scholar search tool. Results: in total, 578 articles were identified in the search and the 36 articles published in the last ten years were included, of which 29 were original articles and 7 review articles. From the analysis, scales for massive transfusion and their predictive triggers were examined. Conclusion: the absence of universal criteria regarding the massive transfusion triggers in traumatized patients has led to the development of different scales, and the studies on their validation are considered relevant for the studies about when to initiate this strategy

Family care of people with severe mental disorders: An integrative review

Objective: to analyze the scientific literature on home-based family care of people with severe mental illness. Method: integrative review of 14 databases (CINALH, Cochrane Plus, Cuidatge, CUIDEN, Eric, IBECS, EMI, ISOC, JBI COnNECT, LILACS, PsycINFO, PubMed, SciELO, and Scopus) searched with the key words “family caregivers”, “severe mental illness”, and “home” between 2003 and 2013. Results: of 787 articles retrieved, only 85 met the inclusion criteria. The articles appeared in 61 journals from different areas and disciplines, mainly from nursing (36%). The countries producing the most scientific literature on nursing were Brazil, the UK, and the US, and authorship predominantly belonged to university centers. A total of 54.12% of the studies presented quantitative designs, with descriptive ones standing out. Work overload, subjective perspectives, and resources were the main topics of these papers. Conclusions: the international scientific literature on home-based, informal family care of people with severe mental disorder is limited. Nursing research stands out in this field. The prevalent topics coincide with the evolution of the mental health system. The expansion of the scientific approach to family care is promoted to create evidence-based guidelines for family caregivers and for the clinical practice of professional caregiver

Line-Strength Indices in Bright Spheroidals: Evidence for a Stellar Population Dichotomy between Spheroidal and Elliptical Galaxies

We present new measurements of central line-strength indices (namely Mg2, , and Hbeta and gradients for a sample of 6 bright spheroidal galaxies (Sph's) in the Virgo cluster. Comparison with similar measurements for elliptical galaxies (E's), galactic globular clusters (GGC's), and stellar population models yield the following results: (1) In contrast with bright E's, bright Sph's are consistent with solar abundance [Mg/Fe] ratios; (2) Bright Sph's exhibit metallicities ranging from values typical for metal-rich GGC's to those for E's; (3) Although absolute mean ages are quite model dependent, we find evidence that the stellar populations of some (if not all) Sph's look significantly younger than GGC's; and (4) Mg2 gradients of bright Sph's are significantly shallower than those of E galaxies. We conclude that the dichotomy found in the structural properties of Sph and E galaxies is also observed in their stellar populations. A tentative interpretation in terms of differences in star formation histories is suggested.Comment: 14 pages, LaTeX file + 2 PostScript figures, aasms4.sty require

A mixed methods study using case studies prepared by nursing students as a clinical practice evaluation tool

Aim: To identify the presence of variability in the evaluation of case studies prepared by nursing students during their primary care rotations based on the existing evaluation rubric. To explore the difficulties experienced by link lecturers and students in preparing and evaluating case studies. Design: A mixed methods study. Methods: The scores for the rubric items and the final grades for the case studies were collected from a sample of 132 cases. Qualitative information was collected by conducting open-ended interviews with lecturers and a focus group session with students. Results: Statistically significant differences were identified between the lecturers' mean final grades [F(5.136) = 3.984, p = 0.002] and a variety of items in the evaluation rubric (p < 0.05). In addition, effect sizes [η2 (≈0.14)] of considerable magnitude were found. Two themes emerged from the qualitative data: (1). the challenge of preparing the case studies and (2). the variable nature of the evaluations.This study is part of a teaching innovation project entitled ‘Strategies for harmonising clinical practice evaluation standards’, approved by the Autonomous University of Madrid Teaching Innovation Ethical Committee, involving internal and external evaluators, with reference number M_015.18_INN. We would like to thank the students and link lecturers for their collaboration in the study.S

A mixed methods study using case studies prepared by nursing students as a clinical practice evaluation tool

To identify the presence of variability in the evaluation of case studies prepared by nursing students during their primary care rotations based on the existing evaluation rubric. To explore the difficulties experienced by link lecturers and students in preparing and evaluating case studies. A mixed methods study. The scores for the rubric items and the final grades for the case studies were collected from a sample of 132 cases. Qualitative information was collected by conducting open-ended interviews with lecturers and a focus group session with students. Statistically significant differences were identified between the lecturers' mean final grades [F(5.136) = 3.984, p= 0.002] and a variety of items in the evaluation rubric (p< 0.05). In addition, effect sizes [η2 (≈0.14)] of considerable magnitude were found. Two themes emerged from the qualitative data: (1). the challenge of preparing the case studies and (2). the variable nature of the evaluation

Effectiveness of a fibromyalgia online nursing consultation in the quality of life: A randomized controlled trial

Background: Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of an online nursing consultation through the Internet platform Red Sinapsis (RS) in improving the perceived quality of life of patients with fibromyalgia (FM). Method: Eighty patients with FM were randomized to an intervention group (n = 40) or control group (n= 40). The intervention group (IG) was monitored by a nursing specialist through the online platform RS while the control group (CG) received standard follow-up at the clinic. The Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) and 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) were used at baseline, 6-month, and 12-month follow-up. Results: The IG showed a 65% improvement in the perception of their general state of health at 12 months into the study, compared with an improvement of 5.6% in the CG (p &lt; .001). The IG also achieved better results for emotional status, with a maintained improvement throughout the study of more than 2 points in the anxiety variable (from 7.64 to 5.36), that remained constant in the CG. The depression variable also showed constant improvement over the 12 months of the study in the IG, rising from an average of 7.72 (standard deviation [SD] = 2.05) to 5.33 (SD = 1.65), while in the CG a slight deterioration was observed. In both cases, the difference in mood evolution was significant (p &lt; .001). Conclusions: Online nursing follow-up for people with fibromyalgia improves patients’ perceived quality of life related to their welfare and emotional state. Fibromyalgia (FM) is among the diseases causing the highest rate of occupational disability in Spain. Fibromyalgia (FM) is a complex condition that causes pain, fatigue, non-refreshed sleep, mood disturbance and cognitive impairmen

Cell Microencapsulation Technologies for Sustained Drug Delivery: Latest Advances in Efficacy and Biosafety

The development of cell microencapsulation systems began several decades ago. However, today few systems have been tested in clinical trials. For this reason, in the last years, researchers have directed efforts towards trying to solve some of the key aspects that still limit efficacy and biosafety, the two major criteria that must be satisfied to reach the clinical practice. Regarding the efficacy, which is closely related to biocompatibility, substantial improvements have been made, such as the purification or chemical modification of the alginates that normally form the microspheres. Each of the components that make up the microcapsules has been carefully selected to avoid toxicities that can damage the encapsulated cells or generate an immune response leading to pericapsular fibrosis. As for the biosafety, researchers have developed biological circuits capable of actively responding to the needs of the patients to precisely and accurately release the demanded drug dose. Furthermore, the structure of the devices has been subject of study to adequately protect the encapsulated cells and prevent their spread in the body. The objective of this review is to describe the latest advances made by scientist to improve the efficacy and biosafety of cell microencapsulation systems for sustained drug delivery, also highlighting those points that still need to be optimized

Monitoring implantable immunoisolation devices with intrinsic fluorescence of genipin

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/149252/1/jbio201800170.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/149252/2/jbio201800170_am.pd