ANÁLISE DO CONHECIMENTO DOS PROFISSIONAIS DA CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL SOBRE OS RESÍDUOS DE CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL E DEMOLIÇÃO NA CIDADE DE CAMPO MOURÃO - PR

The construction industry is responsible for generating a large volume of solid waste from construction and demolition, which pose a serious problem in many Brazilian cities, mainly due to irregular disposal of these residues. Even with the existence of rules and laws that establish guidelines for waste management from construction and demolition, there is still an inefficiency of decision making regarding the proper management of such waste. This study aims to analyze the knowledge rate of construction professionals, regarding the management of waste from construction and demolition from a case study in Campo Mourao-PR. For data collection, it was developed and implemented a structured questionnaire to 53 professionals, civil engineers and architects, registered in the Regional Association of Engineers and Architects of Campo Mourao - AREA. In the study it was observed that despite having knowledge of the law involving waste management of construction, it is necessary that these professionals have education and information about waste minimization and recycling, as well as investments and oversight to prevent irregular disposal leading environmental impact.O setor da construção civil é responsável pela geração de um grande volume de resíduos sólidos de construção civil e demolição que representam um grave problema em muitas cidades brasileiras devido, principalmente, a disposição irregular desses resíduos. Mesmo com a existência de normas e leis que estabelecem diretrizes para gestão dos resíduos de construção civil e demolição, ainda há uma ineficiência da tomada de decisão em relação a gestão correta desses resíduos. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o grau de conhecimento dos profissionais da construção civil, em relação a gestão dos resíduos de construção civil e demolição, a partir de um estudo de caso na cidade de Campo Mourão-PR. Para a coleta de dados foi elaborado e aplicado um questionário estruturado a 53 profissionais, engenheiros civis e arquitetos, cadastrados na Associação Regional de Engenheiros e Arquitetos de Campo Mourão – AREA. Com o estudo observou-se que apesar dos profissionais terem conhecimento sobre a legislação que envolve a gestão dos resíduos de construção civil, é necessário educação e informação sobre a minimização e reciclagem desses resíduos, bem como, investimentos e fiscalização para evitar o descarte irregular levando a impactos ambientais

Nascidos vivos com comunicação interventricular: estudo epidemiológico

Introduction: Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a medical condition characterized by the presence of an opening or gap between the two ventricles of the heart, the lower chambers responsible for pumping blood to the body. This opening allows oxygenated blood, which should be pumped to the body, to mix with deoxygenated blood, causing an overload on the lungs and consequently on the heart. Methodology: The exploratory epidemiological study on live births with ventricular septal defect adopted an approach that combined data from the Information System on Live Births (SINASC) of DATASUS and research from academic sources, such as Google Scholar. Results: Analyzing the variable Color/Race, the data reveals a distribution among different ethnic groups. Most cases of congenital heart disease occurred in individuals of white ethnicity, totaling 1,449 cases, representing 58.57% of the total. Next, the brown ethnicity contributed 796 cases, equivalent to 32.17%. Conclusion: Understanding the incidence in different ethnic groups, gestation duration, and types of delivery provides a comprehensive overview, emphasizing the need for public health strategies that consider not only the cardiac condition itself but also associated socioeconomic and clinical factors.Introdução: A comunicação interventricular (CIV) é uma condição médica que se caracteriza pela presença de uma abertura ou abertura entre os dois ventrículos do coração, como câmaras inferiores responsáveis pelo bombeamento do sangue para o corpo. Essa abertura permite que o sangue oxigenado, que deveria ser bombeado para o corpo, se misture com o sangue não oxigenado, causando uma sobrecarga nos pulmões e, por consequência, no coração. Metodologia: O estudo epidemiológico exploratório sobre nascidos vivos com comunicação interventricular adotou uma abordagem que combinou dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (SINASC) do DATASUS e pesquisa em fontes acadêmicas, como o Google Acadêmico. Resultado: Ao analisar a variável Cor/Raça, os dados revelam uma distribuição entre diferentes grupos étnicos. A maioria dos casos de cardiopatia congênita ocorreu em indivíduos de cor/raça branca, totalizando 1.449 casos, o que representa 58,57% do total. Em seguida, a cor/raça parda contribuiu com 796 casos, equivalente a 32,17%. Conclusão: A compreensão da incidência em diferentes grupos étnicos, duração da gestação e tipos de parto oferece um panorama abrangente, ressaltando a necessidade de estratégias de saúde pública que levem em consideração não apenas a condição cardíaca em si, mas também os fatores socioeconômicos e clínicos associado

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data