Control interno de inventarios en la ferretería Comercial Santos, parroquia Anconcito, cantón Salinas, provincia de Santa Elena, año 2023

En la actualidad, el control interno de inventarios, a través de sus técnicas y métodos contribuye a la generación de estrategias para la toma de decisiones, el mejoramiento de los procesos, alcanzar mayores utilidades y beneficios, así como de obtener información confiable de la situación económica de la empresa. En la ferretería Comercial Santos se evidencia una falta de métodos que garanticen el buen control de inventario, debido a que la organización carece de una metodología formal que sirve de guía para el personal en el manejo de existencias. Este estudio tiene como objeto analizar el control interno mediante la aplicación del modelo COSO 1, con la finalidad de lograr una eficiente gestión de inventarios en la ferretería Comercial Santos. metodología aplicada fue de enfoque mixto, alcance exploratorio y descriptivo, diseño experimental transversal, métodos bibliográfico, deductivo y analítico, con una población de 6 personas para la encuesta y 3 para la entrevista, se utilizó además instrumento COSO 1. Entre los resultados obtenidos, el cuestionario COSO determinó un nivel de confianza bajo del 36% y un nivel de riesgo alto del 64%destacando al componente de información y monitoreo con el mayor nivel confianza de 60%, y los componentes de evaluación de riesgo, así como de supervisión monitoreo con los mayores niveles de riesgo del 80%. Se concluye que la ferretería Comercial Santos debe establecer manuales de políticas, funciones y procedimiento para la gestión de los inventarios y los controles de la ferretería

Plan de marketing para el lanzamiento de una plataforma de intermediación de estacionamientos: APParcate

El presente plan de marketing tiene como finalidad comprobar la factibilidad de mercado, técnica y económica para la puesta en funcionamiento de un servicio de intermediación virtual de estacionamientos entre conductores, que buscan estacionar durante su jornada laboral, y arrendadores, quienes cuentan con espacios disponibles durante este mismo periodo, evaluando de manera inicial los distritos de San Isidro, San Borja, Miraflores, Surco y Barranco, en la ciudad de Lima. Inicialmente, se presentan el análisis y el diagnóstico situacional realizados. Para empezar, se exponen los factores que intervienen en el macroentorno: político, económico, social, tecnológico, ecológico y legal, y se concluye que existen buenas oportunidades para el proyecto. En cuanto al microentorno, se analizan las cinco fuerzas de Porter. Finalmente, se presenta un análisis interno, en el cual se expresan la visión, la misión, los valores y la estructura de la organización, y un análisis de las fortalezas, las oportunidades, las debilidades y las amenazas de la propuesta. Enseguida, se expone la investigación de mercados, en la cual se plantea la hipótesis de que existe una demanda potencial para alquilar estacionamientos a través de una aplicación de manera quincenal y mensual en los distritos seleccionados, y se verifica que existe una oferta suficiente de cocheras para cubrir la demanda y ser rentable. Para hacerlo, se realizaron encuestas y entrevistas en profundidad a los potenciales clientes y miembros de la junta de propietarios

Detection of hepatitis C virus RNA in saliva of patients with active infection not associated with periodontal or liver disease severity

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is mainly transmitted by parenteral route, being blood transfusion and intravenous drug use the most frequent risk factors. However, it has been suggested that there are other routes of transmission. There are several studies where HCV RNA has been detected in saliva of patients infected with HCV, and epidemiological studies have proposed the dental treatments as possible risk factors for HCV transmission. The purpose of this study was to detect the presence of HCV RNA in saliva of patients with active infection and associating with periodontal or liver disease. METHODS: Patients with quantifiable HCV-RNA in serum were enrolled in the study. Periodontal disease was assessed using the modified gingival index (MGI). Presence of dental plaque was assessed with the use of disclosing tablets. Patients were clinically and laboratory evaluated to identify the stage of liver disease, the HCV RNA was determinate in saliva by nested RT-PCR. To determine associations between different parameters univariate and multivariate analysis were used. RESULTS: A total of 45 patients were included. Of these patients, 21 (46.6%) had hepatitis, 23 (51.1%) had cirrhosis and one patient (2.4%) presented hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Viral loads in serum ranged from 2.31–6.68 log IU/ml with a mean of 5.46 log IU/ml (95% CI 5.23–5.70). HCV RNA was positive in saliva of 29 patients (64.4%) and was not detected in 16 (35.6%). For univariate analysis three independent variables were associated with the detection of HCV-RNA in saliva: gender, viral load and dental plaque and multivariate analysis only one independent variable viral load >5.17 log IU/mL remained significantly associated with the detection of HCV in saliva (p = 0.0002). A statistical difference was observed when viral load was analyzed, log 5.85 IU/mL (95% CI 5.67–6.02) for patients with HCV in saliva vs. log 4.77 IU/mL (95% CI 4.35–5.19) for patients without HCV in saliva (p = 0.0001). The detection of HCV-RNA in saliva was more frequent in patients with relatively high serum viral loads. CONCLUSION: HCV-RNA in saliva was associated with the level of serum viral load but not with periodontal or liver disease severity

Identifying barriers and finding solutions to implement best practices for cancer surgery at Maputo Central Hospital, Mozambique

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the surgical resources and surgical oncology team skills at the Surgical Department of Maputo Central Hospital (MCH) in Mozambique in order to define an educational program to support surgical oncology practice. Methods: From January 2017 to December 2017, a general evaluation of the resources of MCH was carried out, as well as its offerings in oncological care in different services. Data were obtained by reviewing documents, visiting surgical services and interviewing key informants and others informally. In addition, a group of seven surgeons of the Surgical Department of MCH answered a questionnaire about the quality of the cancer units (The Cancer Units Assessment Checklist for low- or middle-income African countries). Subsequently, surgical, anaesthesiology and intensive care facilities were evaluated according to the Portuguese-speaking African Countries Assessment of Surgical Oncology Capacity Survey (PSAC-Surgery). All the data were triangulated in order to identify gaps, develop an action plan and define an educational program. Results: Breast, oesophagus and colorectal cancers were the most commonly treated neoplasms in MCH. A range of technical and resource needs as well as the gaps in knowledge and skills were identified. All surgeons recognised the need to create a training program in oncology at the undergraduate level, specific training for residents and continuing oncological education for general surgeons to improve the practice of surgical oncology. It was evident that all these interventions needed to be formalised, appropriately certified and count for professional career progression. Based on the local epidemiological data and on these study findings, oncology education programs were developed for surgeons. Conclusions: The findings of this study contributed to the development of an educational program in surgical oncology, considered essential to the training of surgeons at MCH. The cancer educational programs and the mobilisation of adequate resources will ensure the provision of adequate surgical oncology treatments for MCH. The training requirements should be tailored to suit the local needs based on the most prevalent malignancies diagnosed in the region. In our view, this methodology may apply to other countries with similar realities in the formation of surgical oncologists.publishersversionpublishe

Conscious mobility for urban spaces: case studies review and indicator framework design

A lack of data collection on conscious mobility behaviors has been identified in current sustainable and smart mobility planning, development and implementation strategies. This leads to technocentric solutions that do not place people and their behavior at the center of new mobility solutions in urban centers around the globe. This paper introduces the concept of conscious mobility to link techno-economic analyses with user awareness on the impact of their travel decisions on other people, local urban infrastructure and the environment through systematic big data collection. A preliminary conscious mobility indicator framework is presented to leverage behavioral considerations to enhance urban-community mobility systems. Key factors for conscious mobility analysis have been derived from five case studies. The sample offers regional diversity (i.e., local, regional and the global urban contexts), as well as different goals in the transformation of conventional urban transport systems, from improving public transport efficiency and equipment electrification to mitigate pollution and climate risks, to focusing on equity, access and people safety. The case studies selected provide useful metrics on the adoption of cleaner, smarter, safer and more autonomous mobility technologies, along with novel people-centric program designs to build an initial set of conscious mobility indicators frameworks. The parameters were applied to the city of Monterrey, Nuevo Leon in Mexico focusing on the needs of the communities that work, study and live around the local urban campus of the Tecnologico de Monterrey’s Distrito Tec. This case study, served as an example of how conscious mobility indicators could be applied and customized to a community and region of interest. This paper introduces the first application of the conscious mobility framework for urban communities’ mobility system analysis. This more holistic assessment approach includes dimensions such as society and culture, infrastructure and urban spaces, technology, government, normativity, economy and politics, and the environment. The expectation is that the conscious mobility framework of analysis will become a useful tool for smarter and sustainable urban and mobility problem solving and decision making to enhance the quality of life all living in urban communities

Road building, land use and climate change: prospects for environmental governance in the Amazon

Some coupled land–climate models predict a dieback of Amazon forest during the twenty-first century due to climate change, but human land use in the region has already reduced the forest cover. The causation behind land use is complex, and includes economic, institutional, political and demographic factors. Pre-eminent among these factors is road building, which facilitates human access to natural resources that beget forest fragmentation. While official government road projects have received considerable attention, unofficial road building by interest groups is expanding more rapidly, especially where official roads are being paved, yielding highly fragmented forest mosaics. Effective governance of natural resources in the Amazon requires a combination of state oversight and community participation in a ‘hybrid’ model of governance. The MAP Initiative in the southwestern Amazon provides an example of an innovative hybrid approach to environmental governance. It embodies a polycentric structure that includes government agencies, NGOs, universities and communities in a planning process that links scientific data to public deliberations in order to mitigate the effects of new infrastructure and climate change

Activation of Secondary Metabolite Gene Clusters in Streptomyces clavuligerus by the PimM Regulator of Streptomyces natalensis

Expression of non-native transcriptional activators may be a powerful general method to activate secondary metabolites biosynthetic pathways. PAS-LuxR regulators, whose archetype is PimM, activate the biosynthesis of polyene macrolide antifungals and other antibiotics, and have been shown to be functionally preserved across multiple Streptomyces strains. In this work we show that constitutive expression of pimM in Streptomyces clavuligerus ATCC 27064 significantly affected its transcriptome and modifies secondary metabolism. Almost all genes in three secondary metabolite clusters were overexpressed, including the clusters responsible for the biosynthesis of the clinically important clavulanic acid and cephamycin C. In comparison to a control strain, this resulted in 10- and 7-fold higher production levels of these metabolites, respectively. Metabolomic and bioactivity studies of S. clavuligerus::pimM also revealed deep metabolic changes. Antifungal activity absent in the control strain was detected in S. clavuligerus::pimM, and determined to be the result of a fivefold increase in the production of the tunicamycin complex

Accesibilidad en los espacios públicos urbanizados

El libro, coordinado por el Director de ACCEPLAN, Fernando Alonso López, viene a ser un reflejo de los avances entorno a la búsqueda de accessibilidad universal en los espacios públicos urbanizados. Para aproximarse a la realidad normativa y técnica de la Orden Ministerial el libro se estructura en artículos referentes al contexto normativo, a los contenidos de la Orden, y a reflexiones y criterios en torno a la accesibilidad en la ciudad. Del conjunto de artículos, por su variedad y por su carácter multidiciplinar, se extrae un libro de referencia que ofrece la variedad de enfoques del tema y que ayuda a interpretar mejor la Orden Ministerial, su contribución a los objetivos de la Ley 51/2003 de Igualdad de Oportunidades No Discriminación y Accesibilidad Universal, LIONDAU, y su utilidad en la comformación de unas ciudades cada vez más abiertas a la diversidad funcional y a la convivencia.El llibre, coordinat pel director de ACCEPLAN, Fernando Alonso López, ve a ser un reflex dels avenços entorn de la recerca d'accessibilitat universal en els espais públics urbanitzats. Per conèixer un realitat normativa i tècnica de l'Ordre Ministerial el llibre s'estructura en articles referents al context normatiu, als continguts de l'Ordre, ja reflexions i criteris al voltant de l'accessibilitat a la ciutat. Del conjunt d'articles, per la seva varietat i pel seu caràcter multidiciplinar, s'extreu un llibre de referència que ofereix la varietat d'enfocaments del tema i que ajuda a interpretar millor l'Ordre Ministerial, la seva contribució als objectius de la Llei 51/2003 de Igualtat d'Oportunitats No Discriminació i Accessibilitat Universal, LIONDAU, i la seva utilitat en la comformación d'unes ciutats cada vegada més obertes a la diversitat funcional ia la convivència

Um estudo da prevalência e da caracterização da mortalidade em crianças e adolescentes por leucemia no Brasil

This article aims to characterize the prevalence of mortality from leukemia in children and adolescents in Brazil. It is an epidemiological study, of the ecological type, whose area analysis units were the regions of Brazil. Data from this study were of the secondary type, obtained through the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS), from the Mortality Information System (SIM). For the investigation, children and adolescents, aged between zero and nineteen years old, with deaths in the period from 2017 to 2021, whose leukemia was the underlying cause mentioned in the Death Certificate by means of codes according to the tenth International Classification, were chosen. of Diseases. It is concluded that leukemia is the main cause of death in children and adolescents and the subtype Acute Lymphoid Leukemia represented by the ICD-91 is the most common among the cases of deaths notified in the Brazilian regions.  Este artigo tem por objetivo caracterizar a prevalência da mortalidade por leucemias em crianças e adolescentes no Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, do tipo ecológico, cujas unidades de análise de área foram as regiões do Brasil. Os dados desse estudo foram do tipo secundário, obtidos através do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS), provenientes do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM). Para investigação elegeu-se, crianças e adolescentes, com faixa etária entre zero e dezenove anos, com óbitos no período de 2017 a 2021, cujo, a leucemia foi a causa básica mencionada na Declaração de Óbito por meios de códigos conforme a décima Classificação Internacional de Doenças. Conclui-se que a leucemia é a principal causa de morte em crianças e adolescentes e o subtipo Leucemia Linfoide Aguda representada pelo CID-91 é o mais comum entre os casos de óbitos notificados nas regiões brasileiras

La huerta como modelo terapéutico complementario en salud mental hospital “La Estrella”.

The positive effects generated in natural spaces such as institutional gardens on the mental health of psychiatric patients who, due to their mental disorders, must be treated with drugs, are not only relevant to improve their well-being but also exert importance in the creation of interest skills as part of the construction of a life plan, the expression of emotions through discharge therapy to manage anxiety, aggression, stress, frustration and abstinence, in addition to the reduction of environmental impacts generated by urbanization and the overexploitation of resources. natural resources of our generations. For this reason, based on its benefits, this work is presented as a reflective and interpretive perspective on the understanding of the benefits of complementary intervention in the nature-mental health binomial and its application in clinical practice at Hospital la Estrella located in the town of Ciudad Bolívar and where 21 patients are hospitalized, who are assigned roles according to their initial assessment and daily evaluation, carried out by health professionals and through horticultural practice, have presented positive results such as improvement in concentration, establishment of routines, empowerment of values such as responsibility, self-care and care for others, fundamental skills for a process of social and labor inclusion.El presente documento muestra los efectos positivos generados por la conexión del binomio naturaleza - salud mental a través de espacios verdes en los que pacientes de psiquiatría no sólo demuestren mejoría en su bienestar al expresar sus emociones por medio de la terapia de descarga para el manejo de la ansiedad, agresividad, estrés, frustración y abstinencia, sino también desarrollen habilidades de interés como parte de la construcción de un plan de vida. Además de la disminución de los impactos ambientales generados por la urbanización y la sobre-explotación de los recursos naturales de nuestras generaciones. Objetivo: Presentar de manera reflexiva los beneficios rehabilitadores percibidos en la salud mental de 21 pacientes que participan en la construcción y mantenimiento de la huerta institucional ubicada en la Unidad de Salud Mental la Estrella, localidad de Ciudad Bolívar. Metodología: La selección de los pacientes que participan en la intervención terapéutica a través de la huerta institucional, se hace desde terapia ocupacional, medicina general y psiquiatría, quienes son los que indican cuales son los pacientes aptos para dicha actividad y asignan roles de acuerdo a su valoración inicial y diaria. Resultados: Han sido positivos como mejoría en la concentración, establecimiento de rutinas, potencialización de valores como la responsabilidad, el autocuidado y el cuidado por el otro, habilidades fundamentales para un proceso de inclusión social, laboral y mejoramiento de la calidad de vida. Conclusiones: Esta conexión con la naturaleza permite tener una alternativa terapéutica en el abordaje de las enfermedades mentales que están presentes en la sociedad actual en la zona sur del distrito capital