562 research outputs found
Selective excitations of trasverse vibrational modes of a carbon nanotube through a "shuttle-like" electromechanical instability
We study the dynamics of transverse oscillations of a suspended carbon
nanotube into which current is injected from the tip of a scanning tunneling
microscope (STM). In this case the correlations between the displacement of the
nanotube and its charge state, determined by the position-dependent electron
tunneling rate, can lead to a "shuttle-like" instability for the transverse
vibrational modes. We find that selective excitation of a specific mode can be
achieved by an accurate positioning of the STM tip. This result suggests a
feasible way to control the dynamics of this nano-electromechanical system
(NEMS) based on the "shuttle instability".Comment: revised version, 5 pages, 3 figure
Identificazione di modello di un pneumatico aeronautico in frenata
Oggetto della presente tesi di laurea è lo studio della dinamica longitudinale di pneumatici radiali di impiego aeronautico in condizioni di frenata su macchina dinamometrica. Obiettivo principale è l’identificazione dei parametri di un modello del pneumatico, elaborato in precedenti attività di ricerca, finalizzata a minimizzare le differenze tra le risposte simulate e quelle misurate sperimentalmente nel corso di prove di frenata su macchina dinamometrica. Un secondo obiettivo consiste nel rivedere criticamente il modello esistente e nel formularne uno nuovo a partire da ipotesi alternative. Il nuovo modello sfrutta interamente la capacità di identificazione automatica dei parametri in quanto è più complesso e i suoi parametri, svincolati dalla fisica del problema, non sono identificabili manualmente
Semantic web approach for italian graduates' surveys: the AlmaLaurea ontology proposal
Il crescente sviluppo e la promozione della trasparenza dei dati
nell’ambito della pubblica amministrazione copre molteplici aspetti, fra cui
l’educazione universitaria. Attualmente sono difatti numerosi i dataset rilasciati in
formato Linked Open Data disponibili a livello nazionale ed internazionale. Fra le
informazioni pubblicamente disponibili spiccano concetti riguardo l’occupazione e
la numerosità dei laureati. Nonostante il progresso riscontrato, la mancanza di una
metodologia standard per la descrizione di informazioni statistiche sui laureati rende
difficoltoso un confronto di determinati fatti a partire da differenti sorgenti di dati.
Sul piano nazionale, le indagini AlmaLaurea colmano il gap informativo
dell’eterogeneità delle fonti proponendo statistiche centralizzate su profilo dei
laureati e relativa condizione occupazionale, aggiornate annualmente. Scopo del
progetto di tesi è la realizzazione di un’ontologia di dominio che descriva diverse
peculiarità dei laureati, promuovendo allo stesso tempo la definizione strutturata dei
dati AlmaLaurea e la successiva pubblicazione nel contesto Linked Open Data. Il
progetto, realizzato con l’ausilio delle tecnologie del Web Semantico, propone infine la creazione di un endpoint SPARQL e di una interfaccia web per l'interrogazione e
la visualizzazione dei dati strutturati
Suppression of stochastic fluctuations of suspended nanowires by temperature-induced single-electron tunnelling
We investigate theoretically the electromechanical properties of freely
suspended nanowires that are in tunnelling contact with the tip of a scanning
tunnelling microscope (STM) and two supporting metallic leads. The aim of our
analysis is to characterize the fluctuations of the dynamical variables of the
nanowire when a temperature drop is mantained between the STM tip and the
leads, which are all assumed to be electrically grounded. By solving a quantum
master equation that describes the coupled dynamics of electronic and
mechanical degrees of freedom we find that the stationary state of the
mechanical oscillator has a Gaussian character, but that the amplitude of its
root-mean square center-of-mass fluctuations is smaller than would be expected
if the system were coupled only to the leads at thermal equilibrium.Comment: Published versio
Comparison of short-stretch bandage and long-stretch bandage for post-traumatic hand edema
Introduction and importance: Hand edema is a common post-surgical or traumatic complication in orthopedic
patients, necessitating effective treatment interventions. This study aimed to investigate the effects of two
different types of bandages, along with finger flexion exercises, on managing hand edema.
Case presentation: Our orthopedic patients with post-surgical or traumatic hand edema and three non-edematous
hands were enrolled in the study. A mixed model effect with fixed factors of time (pre-post) and bandage type (M,
C, N), and random factors of hand, edema, fingers, and phalanges was applied. The bandage types were circular
with short elastic bandage (M) and circular with elastic bandage (C). Finger flexion exercises involved alternating
contractions of extrinsic and intrinsic flexors. Randomization ensured unbiased allocation to bandage types.
Clinical discussion: The M bandage demonstrated a significant reduction in hand edema by effectively moving free
fluids, reinforcing tissue hydrostatic pressure, and facilitating venous and lymphatic flow. On the other hand, the
C bandage did not produce significant pre-post differences in hand circumference.
Conclusions: The combination of a circular bandage with finger flexion exercises shows promise in reducing hand
edema in orthopedic patients. Particularly, the stiff bandage M exhibited superior efficacy compared to the
elastic one C in reducing hand circumference. These findings provide valuable insights for clinical practice,
offering an effective strategy for managing hand edema and promoting better patient outcome
Statistical learning of target and distractor spatial probability shape a common attentional priority computation
Converging evidence recently put forward the notion that dedicated neurocognitive mechanisms do exist for the suppression of salient, but irrelevant distractors. Along this line, it is plausible to hypothesize that, in appropriate contexts, experience-dependent forms of attentional learning might selectively induce plastic changes within this dedicated circuitry, thus allowing an independent shaping of priorities at the service of attentional filtering. Conversely, previous work suggested that statistical learning (SL) of both target and distractor spatial probability distributions converge in adjusting only the overall attentional priority of locations: in fact, in the presence of an independent manipulation, either related to the target or to the distractor only, SL induces indirect effects (e.g., changes in filtering efficiency due to an uneven distribution of targets), suggesting that SL-induced plastic changes affect a shared neural substrate. Here we tested whether, when (conflicting) target- and distractor-related manipulations are concurrently applied to the very same locations, dedicated mechanisms might support the selective encoding of spatial priority in relation to the specific attentional operation involved. In three related experiments, human healthy participants discriminated the direction of a target arrow, while ignoring a salient distractor, if present; both target and distractor spatial probability distributions were concurrently manipulated in relation to each single location. Critically, the selection bias produced by the target-related SL was marginally reduced by an adverse distractor contingency, and the suppression bias generated by the distractor-related SL was erased, or even reversed, by an adverse target contingency. Our results suggest that even conflicting target- and distractor-related SL manipulations result in the adjustment of a unique spatial priority computation, likely because the process directly relies on direct plastic alterations of shared spatial priority map(s)
Charge transfer and trapping as origin of a double dip in the transfer characteristics of graphene based field-effect transistors
We discuss the origin of an additional dip other than the charge neutrality
point observed in transfer characteristics of graphene-based field-effect
transistors. The double-dip is proved to arise from charge transfer between
graphene and metal electrodes, while charge storage at the graphene/SiO2
interface enhances it. Considering different Fermi energy from the neutrality
point along the channel and partial charge pinning at the contacts, we propose
a model which explains all features in gate voltage loops.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figure
An investigation on the 'width and size effect' in the evaluation of the fracture energy of concrete
The parameters that describe the fracture behavior of concrete are crucial to investigate numerically the response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. Among them, the fracture energy plays a key role in all those applications that aim to simulate the behavior of RC structures. The fracture energy is a characteristic property of a material but its experimental evaluation could be difficult for quasi-brittle materials such as concrete due to the "width effect" and "size effect" that can lead to some uncertainties in the definition of this parameter. This study presents the results of an experimental campaign conducted on notched specimens to evaluate the fracture energy of concrete. Concrete prisms with different sizes were tested using a three-point bending (TPB) set-up to evaluate the influence of the width and the size on the results. The setup has been designed to become potentially part of the ACI 446 report on fracture. Digital image correlation (DIC) was used to qualitatively and quantitatively study the strain field near the crack tip. Preliminary numerical simulations were performed to investigate the "width effect" in a discrete element framework. Copyright (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V
Experimental Perfect Quantum State Transfer
The transfer of data is a fundamental task in information systems.
Microprocessors contain dedicated data buses that transmit bits across
different locations and implement sophisticated routing protocols. Transferring
quantum information with high fidelity is a challenging task, due to the
intrinsic fragility of quantum states. We report on the implementation of the
perfect state transfer protocol applied to a photonic qubit entangled with
another qubit at a different location. On a single device we perform three
routing procedures on entangled states with an average fidelity of 97.1%. Our
protocol extends the regular perfect state transfer by maintaining quantum
information encoded in the polarisation state of the photonic qubit. Our
results demonstrate the key principle of perfect state transfer, opening a
route toward data transfer for quantum computing systems
- …