Transversalidad de discapacidad lineamientos 2006

El Concepto de discapacidad se relaciona con la capacidad de las personas para la realización de sus actividades de la vida diaria y en la forma como interactúan con su propio entorno para la realización de las mismas. Se pasa de una visión eminentemente médica a una visión social. Por ejemplo, la Organización Panamericana de la Salud en el 2001, señala que la participación restringida de las personas con discapacidad en las actividades educativas, laborales y sociales ya no se considera como el resultado de sus limitaciones sino como producto de las barreras sociales, es decir de la relación de las personas con el entorno

Factores que inciden en la práctica de actividad física de la población en situación de discapacidad

El presente documento es el resumen de la propuesta técnica del proyecto de investigación denominado Determinantes de la práctica de actividad física en personas con discapacidad, sus familias, cuidadoras y cuidadores en Bogotá, fruto de la apuesta académica desarrollada por un equipo de investigadoras de los grupos de investigación en Actividad Física y Desarrollo Humano, y en Rehabilitación e Integración Social de la Persona con Discapacidad, de la Facultad de Rehabilitación y Desarrollo Humano, de la Universidad del Rosario. El proyecto de investigación obtuvo la financiación del Fondo de Investigaciones de la Universidad del Rosario (FIUR), para ser desarrollado durante el período de julio de 2008 a junio de 2009

Phenothiazine-mediated rescue of cognition in tau transgenic mice requires neuroprotection and reduced soluble tau burden

Abstract Background It has traditionally been thought that the pathological accumulation of tau in Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies facilitates neurodegeneration, which in turn leads to cognitive impairment. However, recent evidence suggests that tau tangles are not the entity responsible for memory loss, rather it is an intermediate tau species that disrupts neuronal function. Thus, efforts to discover therapeutics for tauopathies emphasize soluble tau reductions as well as neuroprotection. Results Here, we found that neuroprotection alone caused by methylene blue (MB), the parent compound of the anti-tau phenothiaziazine drug, Rember™, was insufficient to rescue cognition in a mouse model of the human tauopathy, progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and fronto-temporal dementia with parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 (FTDP17): Only when levels of soluble tau protein were concomitantly reduced by a very high concentration of MB, was cognitive improvement observed. Thus, neurodegeneration can be decoupled from tau accumulation, but phenotypic improvement is only possible when soluble tau levels are also reduced. Conclusions Neuroprotection alone is not sufficient to rescue tau-induced memory loss in a transgenic mouse model. Development of neuroprotective agents is an area of intense investigation in the tauopathy drug discovery field. This may ultimately be an unsuccessful approach if soluble toxic tau intermediates are not also reduced. Thus, MB and related compounds, despite their pleiotropic nature, may be the proverbial "magic bullet" because they not only are neuroprotective, but are also able to facilitate soluble tau clearance. Moreover, this shows that neuroprotection is possible without reducing tau levels. This indicates that there is a definitive molecular link between tau and cell death cascades that can be disrupted.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78314/1/1750-1326-5-45.xmlhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78314/2/1750-1326-5-45.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78314/3/1750-1326-5-45-S1.PDFPeer Reviewe

Could rebel child soldiers prolong civil wars?

While we know why rebels may recruit children for their cause, our understanding of the consequences of child soldiering by non-state armed groups remains limited. The following research contributes to addressing this by examining how rebels? child recruitment practice affects the duration of internal armed conflicts. We advance the argument that child soldiering increases the strength of rebel organizations vis-�-vis the government. This, in turn, lowers the capability asymmetry between these nonstate actors and the incumbent, allowing the former to sustain in dispute. Ultimately, the duration of armed conflicts is likely to be prolonged. We analyze this relationship with quantitative data on child soldier recruitment by rebel groups in the post-1989 period. The results confirm our main hypothesis: disputes are substantially longer when rebels recruit children. This work has important implications for the study of armed conflicts, conflict duration, and our understanding of child soldiering

Avaliação de efetividade do projeto “Cuidando a Cuidadores de Pessoas em Situação de Deficiência”. Bogotá - Segundo semestre de 2007

The present paper presents the results of a transversal descriptive study which intended to estimate the contribution of the project “Caring for those who take care of people with disabilities” in the areas of: strength of personal and group competences, self care, life project, dexterity in the care process of people with disabilities, and communitarian auto management; that was implemented in 20 urban areas with caregivers of the city of Bogota in the year 2007. The study allowed the nresearches to acknowledge the little change perception that caregivers had in terms of self care, however, the caregivers perceived change in the four areas, although this were not statistically significant in comparison with the general population. There were only significant changes in the communitarian auto management area in 30% of the population. As a result, it is proposed that more extensive, continuous, and sustainable processes are implemented and that this process arises from contention spaces which can be created with the caregivers, from which they can be motivated to participate in other ´processes of collective and individual changes. Also there’s a need to rely on facilitators (professionals and change agents) who have stronger competences on the how to be and the how to interact competences, because there’s a need to manage the psychosocial components in this group of people. Also, we must make organizational processes and the social networks stronger, this is: collective actions are required, because disability is a social fact, and so, the individual issues are just a moment in the process of inclusion of the person with disability, his family and caregiver.El presente artículo expone los resultados de un estudio descriptivo mixto transversal realizado con el fin de estimar la contribución del proyecto “Cuidando a cuidadores y cuidadoras en el fortalecimiento de las competencias personales y grupales”, a nivel de autocuidado, resignificación de su proyecto de vida, destrezas en el manejo de la persona en condición de discapacidad y autogestión comunitaria. Proyecto a cargo de cuidadores y cuidadoras de personas en situación de discapacidad, realizado en 20 localidades de la ciudad de Bogotá durante el segundo semestre de 2007. El estudio permitió identificar la escasa valoración de cambio percibida por los cuidadores en el componente de prácticas de autocuidado; no obstante, de manera general puede afirmarse que los cuidadores registraron cambios en las cuatro áreas de intervención sin ser éstos estadísticamente significativos entre las clases con respecto a la población general. Sólo hubo cambios estadísticamente reveladores en el área de autogestión comunitaria en el 30% de la población. Como resultado se propone la implementación de procesos más extensos, sostenibles y continuos, que partan de espacios de contención para, desde allí, impulsar su motivación y vinculación a otros procesos de cambio individual y colectivo. Además, se espera contar con un perfil de facilitadores (profesional y agente de cambio) que contemple competencias más fuertes en el saber ser y saber convivir, debido a que se requiere del manejo de componentes psicosociales importantes en este grupo de personas. Y, adicionalmente, se propone fortalecer los procesos organizacionales y las redes sociales; es decir, se requiere de acciones colectivas, pues la discapacidad es un hecho social donde lo individual es sólo un momento del proceso de inclusión de la persona con discapacidad, de su familia, su cuidador y cuidadora.O presente artigo expõe os resultados de um estudo descritivo misto transversal realizado com o fim de estimar a contribuição do projeto "Cuidando a cuidadores e cuidadoras no fortalecimento das competências pessoais e grupais" no nível de autocuidado, re-significação de seu projeto de vida, destrezas no manejo da pessoa em condição de deficiência e autogestão comunitária. Projeto a cargo de cuidadores e cuidadoras de pessoas em situação de deficiência, realizado em 20 localidades da cidade de Bogotá durante o segundo semestre de 2007. O estudo permitiu identificar a escassa valoração de mudança percebida pelos cuidadores no componente de práticas de autocuidado; não obstante, de maneira geral pode se afirmar que os cuidadores registraram mudanças nas quatro áreas de intervenção sem ser estes estadisticamente significativos entre as aulas em relação à povoação geral. Só houve mudanças estadisticamente reveladoras na área de autogestão comunitária no 30% da povoação. Como resultado se propõe a implementação de processos mais extensos, sustentáveis e contínuos, que partam de espaços de contenção para, desde ali, impulsionar sua motivação e vinculação a outros processos de mudança individual e coletiva. Além disso, contar com um perfil de facilitadores (profissional e agente de mudança) que contemple competências mais fortes no saber ser e saber conviver, devido a que se requere do manejo de componentes psicossociais importantes neste grupo de pessoas. E, adicionalmente, fortalecer os processos organizacionais e as redes sociais; é dizer, se requere de ações coletivas, pois a deficiência é um fato social onde o individual é só um momento do processo de inclusão da pessoa com deficiência, de sua família, seu cuidador e cuidadora

Universidad y sociedad. Extensión del conocimiento

Este libro hace un análisis de la educación y propone migrar de una institución educativa a una organización de extensión del conocimiento (Mejía, 2011) toma más fuerza cada día, ya que obtiene una participación más activa en su actuar, y no solo se circunscribe a mejorar la gestión de las áreas funcionales de mercadeo, docencia, investigación, extensión, financiera, tecnología y administración (Gutiérrez, 2011), también cuenta con una visión más sistémica para conseguir la felicidad social y de las personas que conforman la organización educativa

TRY plant trait database - enhanced coverage and open access

Plant traits-the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants-determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits-almost complete coverage for 'plant growth form'. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait-environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives

A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

Meeting abstrac

La actividad física en la población con discapacidad en Colombia. Una mirada desde el papel del Estado, los enfoques de desarrollo y las políticas públicas

El siguiente documento parte de una revisión documental básica sobre el papel que ha tenido el Estado, los enfoques de desarrollo y la evolución de las políticas públicas en la determinación y promoción de la práctica de la actividad física para las personas con discapacidad. Cuenta con un referente teórico de base que facilita el análisis en la toma de decisiones en políticas públicas dirigidas a la promoción de la práctica de la actividad física en esta población, tomando como principales referentes las políticas existentes a nivel nacional y distrital

Tau association with synaptic vesicles causes presynaptic dysfunction

Tau is implicated in more than 20 neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. Under pathological conditions, Tau dissociates from axonal microtubules and missorts to pre- and postsynaptic terminals. Patients suffer from early synaptic dysfunction prior to Tau aggregate formation, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. Here we show that pathogenic Tau binds to synaptic vesicles via its N-terminal domain and interferes with presynaptic functions, including synaptic vesicle mobility and release rate, lowering neurotransmission in fly and rat neurons. Pathological Tau mutants lacking the vesicle binding domain still localize to the presynaptic compartment but do not impair synaptic function in fly neurons. Moreover, an exogenously applied membrane-permeable peptide that competes for Tau-vesicle binding suppresses Tau-induced synaptic toxicity in rat neurons. Our work uncovers a presynaptic role of Tau that may be part of the early pathology in various Tauopathies and could be exploited therapeutically.status: publishe