Risikomanagement - upravljanje rizikom

Im Zuge des Projektes Multilingual Glossary for Risk Management, unterstützt vom Zentrum für Translationswissenschaft der Universität Wien wurde das Glossar für die kroatische Sprache erweitert. Dabei wird das Augenmerk auf das Vor-Ereignis B gelegt und die Termini aus dieser Einheit ins MGRM eingefügt. Systematisch lassen sich der österreichische und kroatische Zivilschutz sowie die Warnsysteme und Prognose leicht miteinander vergleichen, denn sie ähneln einander sehr und unterscheiden sich nur in EInzelheiten. Terminologisch gesehen gibt es viele Unterschiede zwischen der Ausgangssprache Deutsch und Kroatisch. Zunächst ist die Art der Benennung anders; während das Deutsche auf Einwort-benennungen bevorzugt, werden im Kroatischen die meisten Termini in Form von Mehrwortbenennungen dargestellt. Wie jede Zusammenführung zweier Begriffssysteme hat auch diese seine Probleme zu Tage gerufen. Ein in der Arbeit dargestelltes Problem ist die „terminologische Lücke― der Notfallplanung, wo dann zum Beispiel durch Ableitung ein kroatisches Äquivalent gefunden wurde

Genotoksični efekat metanolskog ekstrakta biljke Cotinus Coggygria Scop. kod Drosophila Melanogaster

Plant extracts that appear to have favorable properties, may contain chemical compounds with mutagenic, teratogenic and/or carcinogenic activity, and it is of great importance to the inclusion of genotoxic approaches to toxicological evaluation of plant extracts. Using a comet assay on eukaryotic model organism Drosophila melanogaster in in vivo condition, potential genotoxic activity of the methanol extract of plant Cotinus coggygria Scop. was determined. Treatment with the methanol extracts, at a concentration of 1%, caused no significant changes compared to the negative control. Based on the distribution of comet class and selected quantitative parameters (% DNA in tail and tail length) it can be concluded that a methanol extract obtained from C. coggygria at a concentration of 1% does not shows genotoxic activity.Uključivanje genotoksičnog pristupa u toksikološku evaluaciju biljnih ekstrakata, koji i pored povoljnih svojstava mogu da sadrže komponente sa mutagenim, teratogenim i/ili kancerogenim aktivnostima, je od velike važnosti. Primenom Komet testa kod eukariotskog model organizma Drosophila melanogaster u in vivo uslovima ispitivana je genotoksična aktivnost metanolskog ekstrakta biljke Cotinus coggygria Scop. Тretman sa ekstraktom u koncentraciji od 1% nije uzrokovao statistički značajne promene u odnosu na negativnu kontrolu. Na osnovu raspodela komet klasa i odabranih kvantitativnih parametara može se zaključiti da ekstrakt biljke C. coggygria ne pokazuje genotoksičnu aktivnost

Attitudes of Sport Organization Officials toward Links between the Sports Sector, Sports Industry, and Knowledge Organizations with Innovations in Montenegrin Sport

It is well-known that modern organizations stand out as leaders in their industries have one common factor that brings them together around the fact they are successful: they are all principally committed to innovation. This fact also applies to sports. Empirical research was conducted to determine a research analysis of attitudes of sport organization officials toward links between the sports sector, sports industry, and knowledge organizations with innovations in Montenegrin sport. Seventy-five subject representatives of sports organizations were ran- domly assigned as a sample, while the questionnaire used is based on the Community Innovation Survey (CIS). Descriptive statistics were employed to test the hypothesis. This study confirmed that there is significant potential for improving innovation in sports in Montenegro. Policymakers and other stakeholders, including sports admin- istrators and other sports leaders, should increase the ability of sports organizations to innovate in sports

Polymorphic expression of glutathione transferases A1, M1, P1 and T1 in epithelial ovarian cancer: a Serbian case-control study

PURPOSE: Since several studies have proposed that epithelial ovarian cancer should not be considered as a single disease entity and that it results from an accumulation of genetic changes, we aimed to assess the polymorphic expression of major cytosolic glutathione S-transferases (GSTM1, T1, A1 and P1) with respect to ovarian cancer susceptibility and aggressiveness. METHODS: This case-control study was conducted on 93 newly diagnosed epithelial ovarian cancer patients and 178 healthy matched controls. The multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect homozygous deletions of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes. Analysis of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) GSTA1 C69T was performed using PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), while for SNP GSTP1 Ile105Val real-time PCR was used. RESULTS: No significant association to ovarian cancer risk was found for individual GSTM1, GSTA1 and GSTP1 genotypes (p>0.05). However, the carriers of GSTT1-active genotype were at 2-fold higher risk of ovarian cancer development (95%CI: 1.00-4.01, p=0.049), which was even more elevated in the subgroup of patients with positive family history of cancer. Moreover, the frequency of all three GST genotypes that might be associated to ovarian cancer risk (GSTT1-active, GSTA1-active and GSTP1-referent) was significantly higher in patients than in the control group (p=0.042). Even more, patients who were carriers of combination of these three genotypes represented over 64% of the total number of patients within any of the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stages of ovarian cancer. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides supportive evidence that GSTs might affect both susceptibility and progression of ovarian cance

A multiparametric approach to cerium oxide nanoparticle toxicity assessment in non‐biting midges

Cerium oxide nanoparticles (nano-CeO2) are included in the OECD priority list of engineered nanomaterials for the assessment of their environmental impact. The present study was carried out in order to assess the nano-CeO2 toxicity to freshwater midge Chironomus riparius larvae at concentrations of 2.5, 25, 250 and 2500 mg of nano-CeO2 per kg of sediment. Experiments were designed to assess the prolonged exposure of midges to nano-CeO2 while adhering to OECD guideline number 218. The following parameters were investigated: nano-CeO2 uptake by the larvae, oxidative stress parameters, the in vivo genotoxic effect and life trait parameters. ICP-MS analysis showed a significant positive correlation between the concentration of nano-CeO2 in the sediment and its uptake by the larvae. No significant mortality was observed in C. riparius and oxidative stress was not detected. The only significantly induced sublethal effect was genotoxicity, which began to manifest at a LOEC concentration of 25 mg kg-1 of sediment and progressively increased at higher concentrations. Therefore, this study indicates that exposure to nano-CeO2 contaminated freshwater sediments does not pose a risk to chironomids at environmentally realistic concentrations. However, significant accumulation of nano-CeO2 by chironomid larvae may pose a risk through trophic transfer to organisms further up in the food chain

Dynamic and Assembly Characteristics of Deep-Cavity Basket Acting as a Host for Inclusion Complexation of Mitoxantrone in Biotic and Abiotic Systems

We describe the preparation, dynamic, assembly characteristics of vase-shaped basket 13− along with its ability to form an inclusion complex with anticancer drug mitoxantrone in abiotic and biotic systems. This novel cavitand has a deep nonpolar pocket consisting of three naphthalimide sides fused to a bicyclic platform at the bottom while carrying polar glycines at the top. The results of 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), 1H NMR Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST), Calorimetry, Hybrid Replica Exchange Molecular Dynamics (REMD), and Microcrystal Electron Diffraction (MicroED) measurements are in line with 1 forming dimer [12]6−, to be in equilibrium with monomers 1(R)3− (relaxed) and 1(S)3− (squeezed). Through simultaneous line-shape analysis of 1H NMR data, kinetic and thermodynamic parameters characterizing these equilibria were quantified. Basket 1(R)3− includes anticancer drug mitoxantrone (MTO2+) in its pocket to give stable binary complex [MTO⊂1]− (Kd=2.1 μM) that can be precipitated in vitro with UV light or pH as stimuli. Both in vitro and in vivo studies showed that the basket is nontoxic, while at a higher proportion with respect to MTO it reduced its cytotoxicity in vitro. With well-characterized internal dynamics and dimerization, the ability to include mitoxantrone, and biocompatibility, the stage is set to develop sequestering agents from deep-cavity baskets

Genotoxic potential of Cotinus coggygria Scop. (Anacardiaceae) stem extract in vivo

The intention was to evaluate the possible in vivo genotoxic potential in different cell-types, of a methanol extract obtained from the plant stem of Cotinus coggygria Scop., using the sex-linked recessive lethal (or SLRL) test and alkaline comet assay. The SLRL test, revealed the genotoxic effect of this extract in postmeiotic and premeiotic germ-cell lines. The comet assay was carried out on rat liver and bone marrow at 24 and 72 h after intraperitoneal administration. For genotoxic evaluation, three concentrations of the extract were tested, viz., 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg body weight (bw), based on the solubility limit of the extract in saline. Comet tail moment and total scores in the group treated with 500 mg/kg bw, 24 and 72 h after treatment, were not significantly different from the control group, whereas in the groups of animals, under the same conditions, but with 1000 and 2000 mg/kg bw of the extract, scores were statistically so. A slight decrease in the comet score and tail moment observed in all the doses in the 72 h treatment, gave to understand that DNA damage induced by Cotinus coggygria extract decreased with time. The results of both tests revealed the genotoxic effect of Cotinus coggygria under our experimental conditions

Evenemang för en ökad attraktionskraft : En studie om Malmö stad, Eurovision Song Contest 2013 & Handbolls-VM 2011

Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur Malmö stad använder sig av evenemang för en ökad attraktionskraft.  Studiens syfte och frågeställningar har besvarats genom intervjuer med Malmö stad, Malmö Turistbyrå, Tourism in Skåne och Event in Skåne. Insamlingen av empiri har utförts genom kvalitativa telefonintervjuer samt en kvalitativ mailintervju, alla dessa baserades på ett icke-sannolikhetsurval gällande urvalet av respondenter. Samtliga intervjuer har haft öppna frågor och varit semistrukturerade. Intervjufrågorna har utformats utifrån studiens frågeställningar och har anpassats efter respektive respondent. I studien har även en litteraturstudie genomförts utifrån tre rapporter med fokus på de effekter som uppstod genom Handbolls-VM 2011. Studiens teoretiska referensram utgår från förklaring av attraktionskraft, typer av evenemang, effekter av evenemang, evenemangsturism, samarbete och image. Undersökningen har strukturerats upp utefter de intervjuer och litteraturstudie som har gjorts. Gemensamma rubriker har skapats för att få en tydligare struktur och en röd tråd för att göra studien läsvänlig. Analysen har strukturerats upp utifrån studiens frågeställningar. Slutsatsen av studien är att Malmös attraktionskraft ökar genom evenemang då staden har ett bra utvecklat samarbete mellan stadens aktörer. Detta gör att staden skapar möjligheter för att arrangera fler attraktiva evenemang. Attraktionskraften ökar även genom att det finns en medvetenhet i staden när det gäller vilka positiva effekter evenemang kan bidra till, exempelvis att stärka stadens image, skapa en bättre gemenskap bland lokalbefolkningen och ett ökat besöksantal. Studien visar att både Handbolls-VM 2011 och Eurovision Song Contest 2013 har bidragit till ovanstående effekter