Rise and shine for eating right: the link between healthy nutrition and chronotype among young adults

AimMany studies have examined the relationship between chronotype and general health. Because healthy eating is the basis of health aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between healthy nutrition attitudes and chronotype in young adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,400 young adults (936 females and 464 males). Chronotype was assessed by the Turkish version of the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) and the Attitude Scale for Healthy Nutrition (ASHN) was applied by face-to-face interview. Furthermore, 24-h dietary recall was collected. The scores of nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) and mean adequacy ratio (MAR) were calculated. The anthropometric measurements including body weight and height were taken.ResultsThe chronotype distribution of participants according to the MEQ score and MAR score were not significantly different between females and males (p > 0.05). The percentage of participants with high healthy eating attitude was lowest in the evening chronotype and highest in the morning chronotype (49.7, 37.7 and 25.4% in morning-, intermediate-, evening-types, respectively; p = 0.000 for all groups according to the reciprocal comparisons). There was a positive correlation of the MEQ scores with the scores of ASHN (r = 0.282, p < 0.01). ASHN score was shown to be a predictor for MEQ score (β = 0.280, p = 0.000). Moreover, the score of “poor eating habits” was shown to be highest in the evening chronotype and lowest in the morning chronotype (14.9 ± 3.0 and 13.1 ± 3.0, respectively; p < 0.01).ConclusionThe results of this study indicate that individuals with the evening chronotype are more deficient in terms of healthy nutrition attitudes. Further studies with larger populations will potentially guide the development of health promotion strategies to prevent and treat chronic diseases based on an individual’s chronotype

Evaluation of dietary quality of adolescents using Healthy Eating Index

The aim of this study was to use the Healthy Eating Index-2005 (HEI-2005) to assess diet quality and determine the relationship between the HEI-2005 and the energy and nutrient intakes of adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,104 healthy adolescents, mean age of 15.8 ± 1.24 years. Dietary intake was measured with the 24-hour dietary recall method, and dietary quality was assessed by means of the HEI-2005. Diet quality scores ranged from 23.7 to 77.5. The mean score was found to be 51.5 ± 9.07 according to the HEI-2005. There were no differences according to gender; 42.8% had a poor diet and 57.2% had a diet that needs improvement. No subjects had a "good diet". Lower mean subgroup scores were found for whole grains, total vegetables, total fruits, dairy products, and meat and beans. Fruits and vegetables scores were significantly high in girls, whereas sodium, oil, and meat and beans scores were significantly high in boys. Total HEI-2005 scores were increasingly associated with parental education level when age and gender were adjusted. There was a negative correlation between HEI-2005 scores and age, total energy intake, and fat intake. Positive correlation was only observed in the HEI-2005 scores for protein and dietary fibre intakes. Consequently, the overall diet quality and nutritional habits of Turkish adolescents need modification and improvement. In the family, measures should be initiated by the government, including advertisements and campaigns

Are anthropometric measurements an indicator of intuitive and mindful eating?

Purpose Intuitive eating and mindful eating are new approach eating behaviors. Assessing the relationship of some anthropometric measurements to intuitive eating and mindful eating. Methods Cross-sectional descriptive study. Adults aged 19-45 living in the center of Ankara the capital of Turkey. 250 volunteers (68 men and 182 women) aged 19-45 years. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a questionnaire contained the Intuitive Eating Scale (IES-2), Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ-30) and Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26). Anthropometric measurements were performed by the researchers themselves. Between-group analyses were performed to test statistical differences and relationships. Results There was a positive correlation between IES-2 and MEQ-30 scores (r = 0.477; p = 0.000), indicating that the higher the IES-2 scores, the higher the MEQ-30 scores. IES-2 scores and BMI were negatively correlated (p < 0.05) and also MEQ-30 scores were negatively correlated with waist-to-height ratio and BMI (r = - 0.143; p = 0.024, r = - 0.159; p = 0.012). The higher the "disinhibition" and "control of eating," the lower the body weight, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio and BMI was found. Conclusions It was concluded that the more the intuitive eating, the more the mindful eating. And also it is suggested that anthropometric measurements might be an indicator of intuitive eating and mindful eating

The nutritional status of nurses working shifts: A pilot study in Turkey

Objective This study was carried out to determine the nutritional status of shift-working female nurses at a university hospital in Ankara, Turkey. Methods A total of 110 volunteer female nurses (n=56 control group, n=54 study group) were included in the study. A questionnaire with a three day food record collected the study data. Results The mean daily energy intake of the study group was higher than that of the control group (1756 +/- 659 kcal versus 1694 +/- 431 kcal, p>0.05). While the carbohydrate intake (196.3 +/- 85.5 g versus 185.9 +/- 54.7 g) and fat intake (79.5 +/- 29.5 g versus 77.1 +/- 22.6 g) were higher in the study group, the protein intake was higher in the control group (59.4 +/- 17.6 g versus 57.6 +/- 21.6 g). The mean iron intake was statistically higher in the control group (10.6 +/- 2.9 mgversus 10.0 +/- 4.0 mg, p<0.05). Conclusion To improve night shift workers' performance and nutritional status it is important to provide accessible, healthy, and quality food services

Intuitive eating in youth: Its relationship with nutritional status

WOS: 000456284100005Objective To determine intuitive eating in young adults and the effects of factors such as gender, Body Mass Index and dietary intake, and dietary adequacy on intuitive eating. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted with students at Gazi University in Ankara (N=665; 17.6% men; 82.4% women). The questionnaire, including the general characteristics, anthropometric measurements, Intuitive Eating Scale-2, and 24-H Dietary Recall sections, were applied to all participants. For the evaluation of the diet, Nutrient Adequacy Ratio and Mean Adequacy Ratio were used. Results The mean Intuitive Eating Scale-2 score was 3.2 +/- 0.33; men's and women's scores were 3.3 +/- 0.37 and 3.2 +/- 0.32, respectively (p<0.05). According to linear regression analysis, gender, age and mean adequacy ratio had an effect on the model for the score (p<0.05). In addition, there was a negative correlation between Intuitive Eating Scale-2 scores and Body Mass Index values in women (r(p) =-0.095, p=0.026). Conclusions The intuitive eating scores varied according to gender, dietary adequacy and age. Intuitive eating may be effective in the formation of long-term behavioral changes, which is beneficial for the treatment of obesity. The result of this study may encourage the development of this behavior in groups (may vary according to gender), that is thought to be effective by considering the changes of intuitive eating behavior

Factors affecting emotional eating and eating palatable food in adults

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship among emotional eating behavior, tendency to eat palatable foods, and several risk factors. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This study was carried out on 2,434 persons (1,736 women and 698 men) aged between 19 and 64 years. A questionnaire form was used as a data collection tool, which consisted of items for the socio-demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, Emotional Appetite Questionnaire (EMAQ), and the Palatable Eating Motives Scale (PEMS). RESULTS: A positive significant correlation was observed between the BMI groups and the negative emotions, negative situations, and negative total scores of EMAQ (P < 0.01). The regression results on negative subscales showed that a one unit increase in BMI resulted in a 0.293 unit increase in negative situations scores, a 0.626 unit increase in negative emotions scores, and a 0.919 unit increase in negative total EMAQ scores. When the BMI groups and PEMS subscale scores were examined, a significant relationship was found in the social motives, rewarding, and conformity subscales (P < 0.01). A one unit increase in BMI increased the coping motives scores by 0.077 units. CONCLUSION: The emotional states have a significant effect on the eating behavior. On the other hand, an increase in eating attacks was observed, particularly in people who were under the effect of a negative emotion or situation. Nevertheless, there were some limitations of the study in terms of quantitative determination of the effects of this eating behavior depending on the BMI