A Similarity Measure for Material Appearance

We present a model to measure the similarity in appearance between different materials, which correlates with human similarity judgments. We first create a database of 9,000 rendered images depicting objects with varying materials, shape and illumination. We then gather data on perceived similarity from crowdsourced experiments; our analysis of over 114,840 answers suggests that indeed a shared perception of appearance similarity exists. We feed this data to a deep learning architecture with a novel loss function, which learns a feature space for materials that correlates with such perceived appearance similarity. Our evaluation shows that our model outperforms existing metrics. Last, we demonstrate several applications enabled by our metric, including appearance-based search for material suggestions, database visualization, clustering and summarization, and gamut mapping.Comment: 12 pages, 17 figure

Autoantibodies Which Bind to and Activate Keratinocytes in Systemic Sclerosis

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a multisystem connective tissue disease characterised by pathological processes involving autoimmunity, vasculopathy and resultant extensive skin and organ fibrosis. Recent studies have demonstrated activation and aberrant wound healing responses in the epithelial layer of the skin in this disease, implicating the epithelial keratinocytes as a source of pro-fibrotic and inflammatory mediators. In this paper, we investigated the role of Immunoglobulin G (IgG) autoantibodies directed against epithelial cells, as potential initiators and propagators of pathological keratocyte activation and the ensuing SSc fibrotic cascade. A keratinocyte cell-based ELISA is used to evaluate the binding of SSc IgG. SSc skin biopsies were stained by immunofluorescence for the presence of IgG in the keratinocyte layer. Moreover, IgG purified from SSc sera was evaluated for the potential to activate keratinocytes in tissue culture and to induce TLR2 and 3 signalling in reporter cell lines. We demonstrate enhanced binding of SSc IgG to keratinocytes and the activation of these cells leading to the release of IL-1α, representing a potential initiating pathway in this disease

Pollen, macrofossils and sedaDNA reveal climate and land use impacts on Holocene mountain vegetation of the Lepontine Alps, Italy

Both climate change and anthropogenic disturbance affect vegetation composition, but it is difficult to separate these drivers of vegetation change from one another. A better understanding of past vegetation dynamics is necessary to disentangle the influence of different forcing factors and assess future vegetation change. Here we present the first multi-proxy palaeoecological study combining sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA), pollen, spores, stomata, charcoal and plant macrofossils from the Alps. We reconstructed the Holocene vegetation dynamics and fire history at Lago Inferiore del Sangiatto (1980 m asl), a small lake in the subalpine belt of the Ossola region, Italian Lepontine Alps. Afforestation in response to climate warming started at 10,700 cal yr BP with Larix decidua and tree Betula, which formed open forests together with Pinus cembra from 10,500 cal yr BP onwards. Human impact on the regional vegetation started at 5100 cal yr BP, resulting in expansions of Picea abies and Alnus viridis and the collapse of Abies alba. Species response models and ordination analysis show that livestock grazing and fire were major drivers of vegetation change at Lago Inferiore del Sangiatto during the late Holocene. Finally, increasing human impact during the Bronze (ca. 4200e2900 cal yr BP) and Iron Age (ca. 2900 e2000 cal yr BP) led to the formation of species-rich larch meadows and alpine pastures that are still dominant today. The palaeoecological data suggest that under projected climate change and land abandonment, the treeline ecotone will likely shift to higher altitudes, leading to important changes in species composition and increasing the risk of biodiversity loss

Trabajo colaborativo 2

En este trabajo observamos como con ayuda del simulador Packet Tracer, ejecutamos algunos protocolos dentro de la red y así miramos su funcionamiento dentro de la misma, también podemos ver la conectividad de la misma a través de ejercicios que nos permite envío de mensajes entre otras opciones mas.In this work we observe how with the help of the Packet Tracer simulator, we execute some protocols within the network and thus we look at its operation within it, we can also see the connectivity of it through exercises that allow us to send messages among other options more

INSTALACIÓN Y CONFIGURACIÓN DE NETHSERVER PARA LA IMPLEMENTACIÓN Y ADMINISTRACIÓN DE SERVICIOS DE RED

El presente articulo tiene como fin la instalación y Configuración de NethServer para la implementación y administración de varios servicios de red utilizados en la actualidad por las organizaciones. Para demostrar las funcionalidades de NethServer se desarrollan varias temáticas entre las cuales se tienen, la Configuración de servicios DHCP server, DNS server, controlador de dominio, proxy server, cortafuegos, File Server, Print Server y VPN. Para la instalación de NethServer y la puesta en funcionamiento de los servicios antes mencionados se utilizan un conjunto de máquinas virtuales de la herramienta de software Oracle VirtualBox con el cual se consigue emular un ambiente virtualizado sin la necesidad de incurrir en la utilización de varios servidores físicos. Los resultados obtenidos durante la realización de este trabajo fueron óptimos, permitiendo evidenciar bajo un ambiente de pruebas cada uno de los servicios implementados satisfactoriamente, con lo que se logra concluir que NethServer es una herramienta muy útil y de fácil implementación para cualquier organización que desee administrar sus servicios de red a un bajo costo.The purpose of this article is to installation and configuration of NethServer for implementation and administration of various network services Currently used by organizations. For Demonstrate NethServer functionalities are developed several topics among which are, Configuration services DHCP server, DNS server, controller domain, proxy server, firewall, file server, print server and VPN. For NethServer installation and commissioning operation of the aforementioned services are used a set of virtual machines tool Oracle VirtualBox software with which it is possible to emulate a virtualized environment without the need to incur the use of several physical servers. The results obtained during the performance of this work were optimal, allowing evidence under a testing environment each of the services implemented satisfactorily, with which it is possible to conclude that NethServer is a very useful and easy to implement tool for any organization that wants to manage its network services to a low cost

La imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia, Departamento de Nariño, Cauca, Valle del cauca y la ciudad de St Catarines Canadá

Una de las mayores problemáticas que ha enfrentado Colombia es el conflicto armado, siendo la memoria clave para recordar el pasado. Lastimosamente a partir de la historia podemos ver como las víctimas de conflicto armado en su mayoría son ignoradas por el estado, y han aprendido a sobrevivir con sus propios medios expuestas a las diferentes formas de violencia. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo a partir de un evento psicosocial traumático analizar su relato y generar propuestas de afrontamiento; y desde el enfoque narrativo realizar un análisis para el caso de: Carlos Arturo. (Voces, 2009 Pag. 34). Identificando la violencia, falta de acompañamiento del estado a las víctimas, vulneración de derechos, desintegración familiar, desplazamiento forzado, impactos y secuelas que deja la guerra. También observamos la resiliencia reflejada en Carlos Arturo, quien, a pesar de sufrir los traumas de la guerra, situación lo ha llevado reflexionar para trabajar en su propia recuperación, pensando en las demás personas que no han podido reclamar sus derechos por temor a represalias. Desde el acompañamiento psicosocial para la reconstrucción de la víctima, se formula preguntas, circulares, reflexivas y estratégicas bajo la justificación desde el campo psicosocial, y la víctima tome su postura como sobreviviente y no como víctima. También se aborda el caso de peñas coloradas, donde la población ha sufrido eventos traumáticos, irreparables; por lo que desde el abordaje psicosocial se propone acciones y estrategias de afrontamiento y consecuencias de la guerra, trabajando en el proceso de transformación y empoderamiento.One of the biggest problems that Colombia has faced is the armed conflict, being the key memory to remember the past. Unfortunately, from history we can see how the majority of the victims of armed conflict are ignored by the state, and have learned to survive with their own means, exposed to different forms of violence. This work has as objective, from a traumatic psychosocial event, to analyze its story and generate coping proposals; and from the narrative approach to carry out an analysis for the case of: Carlos Arturo. (Voices, 2009, pp. 34). Identifying violence, lack of state accompaniment to victims, violation of rights, family disintegration, forced displacement, impacts and sequelae left by war. We also observe the resilience reflected in Carlos Arturo, who, despite suffering the traumas of war, a situation that has led him to reflect to work on his own recovery, thinking of other people who have not been able to claim their rights for fear of reprisals. From the psychosocial accompaniment for the reconstruction of the victim, circular, reflective and strategic questions are formulated under the justification from the psychosocial field, and the victim takes his position as a survivor and not as a victim. The case of red clubs is also addressed, where the population has suffered traumatic, irreparable events; Therefore, from the psychosocial approach, actions and coping strategies and consequences of war are proposed, working on the process of transformation and empowerment. Keywords. Victims, subjectivity, psychosocial approach, resilience

Estrategias de internacionalización de los productores de granadilla del municipio de Ibagué

El libro es la síntesis del proyecto de investigación “Diseño de estrategias de internacionalización de los productores de granadilla del municipio de Ibagué” que ha sido abordado en cuatro apartados, dando inicio con todo el aspecto asociativo, el cual concientiza a los productores de los beneficios reales de permanecer y sustentar la asociatividad; luego, se encuentran descritos todos los procesos internacionales que se deben llevar a cabo para exportar la granadilla;en tercer lugar, se procede con la ultra congelación como método de transformación del fruto y la buenas prácticas de manufactura del mismo con el fin de innovar en los procesos comerciales de la fruta exótica que los productores manejan. Finalmente, se vislumbran las estrategias de internacionalización donde se evidencian los factores más importantes que pueden potencializar la granadilla en el mercado exterior. En este sentido, se puede lograr posicionar al sector productivo como uno de los mejores del país en la comercialización de productos agrícolas y con un gran apoyo social.The book is the synthesis of the research project "Design of internationalization strategies for granadilla producers in the municipality of Ibagué" that has been addressed in four sections, beginning with the entire associative aspect, which makes producers aware of the benefits real to remain and sustain associativity; Then, all the international processes that must be carried out to export the granadilla are described; thirdly, we proceed with deep freezing as a method of transformation of the fruit and the good manufacturing practices of the same in order to innovate in the commercial processes of the exotic fruit that the producers handle. Finally, internationalization strategies are glimpsed where the most important factors that can potentiate the passion fruit in the foreign market are evident. In this sense, it is possible to position the productive sector as one of the best in the country in the commercialization of agricultural products and with great social support.La economía solidaria como mecanismo de competitividad -- Las organizaciones solidarias en Colombia -- Casos exitosos de asociatividad en Colombia -- Diagnóstico asociativo de los productores de granadilla del cañón -- Protocolo de asociatividad ideal para los productores de granadill -- Procesos de internacionalización de empresas agrícolas a través de la exportación -- Estudio de mercados internacionales para exportación de la granadilla -- Caracterización de los requisitos de acceso de frutas frescas a mercados seleccionados -- Análisis de la estructura de comercio entre colombia y la Unión europea -- desarrollo de la matriz de costos asociados al proceso de exportación -- Proceso de desaduanamiento de exportación de granadilla -- Buenas prácticas de manufactura -- Equipos y utensilios -- Edificaciones e instalaciones -- Requisitos higiénicos de fabricación -- operaciones de fabricación -- Diseño de proceso -- Flujo de planta -- Aseguramiento y control de calidad e inocuidad -- Estrategias de internacionalización -- Dofa -- Plan de acción de las estrategiasna182 página

Novel Pathway of Adipogenesis through Cross-Talk between Adipose Tissue Macrophages, Adipose Stem Cells and Adipocytes: Evidence of Cell Plasticity

INTRODUCTION: Previous studies highlight a complex relationship between lineage and phenotype for adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs), adipose stem cells (ASCs), and adipocytes, suggesting a high degree of plasticity of these cells. In the present study, using a novel co-culture system, we further characterized the interaction between ATMs, ASCs and adipocytes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Human adipocytes and the stromal vascular fraction containing ATMs and ASCs were isolated from human adipose tissue and co-cultured for 24 hours. FACS was used to characterize ATMs and ASCs before and after co-culture. Preadipocytes generated after co-culture were characterized by immunostaining for DLK (preadipocytes), CD14 and CD68 (ATMs), CD34 (ASCs), and Nile Red staining for lipid drops. qRT-PCR was used to quantify adipogenic markers such as C/EBPα and PPARγ. A novel fluorescent nanobead lineage tracing method was utilized before co-culture where fluorescent nanobeads were internalized by CD68 (+) ATMs. RESULTS: Co-culture of adipocytes with ATMs and ASCs increased the formation of new preadipocytes, thereby increasing lipid accumulation and C/EBPα and PPARγ gene expression. Preadipocytes originating after co-culture were positive for markers of preadipocytes, ATMs and ASCs. Moreover, fluorescent nanobeads were internalized by ATMs before co-culture and the new preadipocytes formed after co-culture also contained fluorescent nanobeads, suggesting that new preadipocytes originated in part from ATMs. The formation of CD34(+)/CD68(+)/DLK (+) cell spheres supported the interaction of ATMs, ASCs and preadipocytes. CONCLUSIONS: Cross-talk between adipocytes, ATMs and ASCs promotes preadipocyte formation. The regulation of this novel adipogenic pathway involves differentiation of ATMs to preadipocytes. The presence of CD34(+)/CD68(+)/DLK(+) cells grouped in spheres suggest that paracrine interactions between these cell types plays an important role in the generation and proliferation of new preadipocytes. This phenomenon may reflect the in vivo plasticity of adipose tissue in which ATMs play an additional role during inflammation and other disease states. Understanding this novel pathway could influence adipogenesis, leading to new treatments for obesity, inflammation, and type 2 diabetes