Association between hedonic hunger and body-mass index versus obesity status

© The Author(s) 2018. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. Te images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.Obesity-associated differences in hedonic hunger, while consistently reported, have not been adequately quantified, with most studies failing to demonstrate strong correlations between Body Mass Index (BMI) and hedonic hunger indicators. Here, we quantified and assessed the nature of the relationship between hedonic hunger and BMI, in a cross-sectional study using the Portuguese version of the PFS (P-PFS) to measure hedonic hunger. Data were collected from 1266 participants belonging to non-clinical, clinical (candidates for weight-loss surgery) and population samples. Across samples, significant but weak positive associations were found between P-PFS scores and BMI, in adjusted linear regression models. However, in logistic regression models of data from the clinical and non-clinical samples, the P-PFS Food Available domain score was significantly and robustly associated with belonging to the clinical sample (OR = 1.8, 95%CI: 1.2-2.8; p = 0.008), while in the population sample it was associated to being obese (OR = 2.1, 95%CI: 1.6-2.7; p < 0.001). Thus, hedonic hunger levels are associated with obesity status with the odds of being obese approximately doubling for each unit increase in the P-PFS Food Available score.This work was supported by grants to AJO-M from BIAL Foundation (176/10), Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (Junior Research and Career Development Award from the Harvard Medical Portugal Program; HMSP/ICJ/0020/2011) and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (H2020 SC1-2017-CNECT-2, project 777167), and to ST from Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia through the Center for Psychology at University of Porto (UID/PSI/00050/2013). DECO PROTESTE funded the sampling, data collection and database development for the population sample.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Enhanced sweet taste perception in obesity: joint analysis of gustatory data from multiple studies

Copyright © 2022 Ribeiro, Torres, Fernandes, Camacho, Branco, Martins, Raimundo and Oliveira-Maia. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.Introduction: While sweet taste perception is a potential determinant of feeding behavior in obesity, the supporting evidence is inconsistent and is typically associated with methodological limitations. Notably, possible associations between sweet taste perception and measures of food reward remain undetermined. Materials and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis comparing 246 individuals with severe obesity and 174 healthy volunteers using a validated method for taste perception assessment. We included gustatory variables, namely intensity and pleasantness ratings of sour, salt, sweet, and bitter tastants, and taste thresholds assessed by electrogustometry. Reward-related feeding behavior, including hedonic hunger, food addiction, feeding behavior traits, and acceptance of foods and alcohol, was evaluated using self-rated scales for comparison with gustatory measures. Result: In logistic regressions adjusted for age, gender, educational level, and research center, we found that a greater likelihood of belonging to the obesity group was associated with higher sweet intensity ratings (OR = 1.4, P = 0.01), hedonic hunger, food addiction symptoms, restrained and emotional eating (1.7 < OR ≤ 4.6, all P ≤ 0.001), and lower alcohol acceptance (OR = 0.6, P = 0.0002). Using principal component analysis, we found that while hedonic hunger, food addiction, and emotional eating were strongly interrelated, they were not associated with sweet intensity perception that, in turn, had a closer relationship with alcohol acceptance and restrained eating. Conclusion: We found that individuals with obesity report higher sweet taste intensity ratings than healthy controls. Furthermore, while psychological measures of reward-related feeding behavior assess a common construct, sweet intensity perception may represent a different obesity-related dimension.AJO-M was supported by grants from the BIAL Foundation (176/10), from Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT), through a Junior Research and Career Development Award from the Harvard Medical Portugal Program (HMSP/ICJ/0020/2011), and by a Starting Grant from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No. 950357). ST was funded by the Center for Psychology at the University of Porto (FCT UIDB/00050/2020). AF was funded by a postdoctoral fellowship from FCT (SFRH/BPD/880972/2012). GR was funded by doctoral fellowships from Universidade de Lisboa (BD/2015Call) and FCT (SFRH/BD/128783/2017).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Enhanced sweet taste perception in obesity: joint analysis of gustatory data from multiple studies

Copyright © 2022 Ribeiro, Torres, Fernandes, Camacho, Branco, Martins, Raimundo and Oliveira-Maia. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.Introduction: While sweet taste perception is a potential determinant of feeding behavior in obesity, the supporting evidence is inconsistent and is typically associated with methodological limitations. Notably, possible associations between sweet taste perception and measures of food reward remain undetermined. Materials and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis comparing 246 individuals with severe obesity and 174 healthy volunteers using a validated method for taste perception assessment. We included gustatory variables, namely intensity and pleasantness ratings of sour, salt, sweet, and bitter tastants, and taste thresholds assessed by electrogustometry. Reward-related feeding behavior, including hedonic hunger, food addiction, feeding behavior traits, and acceptance of foods and alcohol, was evaluated using self-rated scales for comparison with gustatory measures. Result: In logistic regressions adjusted for age, gender, educational level, and research center, we found that a greater likelihood of belonging to the obesity group was associated with higher sweet intensity ratings (OR = 1.4, P = 0.01), hedonic hunger, food addiction symptoms, restrained and emotional eating (1.7 < OR ≤ 4.6, all P ≤ 0.001), and lower alcohol acceptance (OR = 0.6, P = 0.0002). Using principal component analysis, we found that while hedonic hunger, food addiction, and emotional eating were strongly interrelated, they were not associated with sweet intensity perception that, in turn, had a closer relationship with alcohol acceptance and restrained eating. Conclusion: We found that individuals with obesity report higher sweet taste intensity ratings than healthy controls. Furthermore, while psychological measures of reward-related feeding behavior assess a common construct, sweet intensity perception may represent a different obesity-related dimension.AJO-M was supported by grants from the BIAL Foundation (176/10), from Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT), through a Junior Research and Career Development Award from the Harvard Medical Portugal Program (HMSP/ICJ/0020/2011), and by a Starting Grant from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No. 950357). ST was funded by the Center for Psychology at the University of Porto (FCT UIDB/00050/2020). AF was funded by a postdoctoral fellowship from FCT (SFRH/BPD/880972/2012). GR was funded by doctoral fellowships from Universidade de Lisboa (BD/2015Call) and FCT (SFRH/BD/128783/2017).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Tradução, adaptação cultural e validação da escala do poder da comida para utilização por populações de adultos em Portugal

Copyright © Ordem dos Médicos 2015INTRODUCTION: The Power of Food Scale measures appetite for, rather than consumption of, palatable foods - a construct frequently designated as hedonic hunger. The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of a Portuguese version of the Power of Food Scale, namely reliability and construct validity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data was obtained from 1266 adult participants sampled from three different populations in Portugal: two nonclinical samples and one multi-center sample of severely obese candidates for weight-loss surgery. RESULTS: We found that the factor structure of the Portuguese version of the Power of Food Scale is similar to that of the original scale and that the Portuguese version of the Power of Food Scale has good internal structure, test-retest reliability and construct validity. In addition, we provide the first contribution towards defining population norms for Power of Food Scale scores. DISCUSSION: The Portuguese version of the Power of Food Scale proved to have good psychometric properties: it is a valid and reliable tool for measuring hedonic hunger, supporting its use both in clinical and non-clinical samples, as well as in prospective studies. CONCLUSION: Our results show that the Portuguese version of the Power of Food Scale is a useful measure for researchers and clinicians who are interested in exploring the construct of hedonic hunger in Portuguese-speaking populations, including those suffering from obesity.Introdução: A Power of Food Scale é uma escala que avalia um constructo designado por fome hedónica, frequentemente definido como o apetite por alimentos de elevada palatibilidade, mais do que a sua ingestão propriamente dita. Este estudo teve como objetivo a caracterização das propriedades psicométricas de uma versão portuguesa da Power of Food Scale, nomeadamente da sua fiabili¬dade e validade de constructo. Material e Métodos: Os dados foram obtidos de 1266 participantes adultos, provenientes de três amostras distintas: duas amostras não clínicas e uma amostra clínica de indivíduos com obesidade severa, candidatos a cirurgia da obesidade. Resultados: Verificamos que a estrutura factorial da versão portuguesa da Power of Food Scale é semelhante à do questionário original e que apresenta fiabilidade teste-reteste e validade de constructo adequadas. Adicionalmente, apresentamos neste estudo o primeiro contributo para a definição de normas populacionais para os scores da Power of Food Scale. Discussão: A versão portuguesa da Power of Food Scale apresentou boas propriedades psicométricas: é um instrumento válido e fiável para a avaliação do constructo fome hedónica, suportando a sua utilização tanto em amostras clínicas como não clínicas, bem como em estudos longitudinais. Conclusão: Estes resultados demostram que a versão portuguesa da Power of Food Scale é um instrumento útil, tanto em contexto clínico, como de investigação, nomeadamente para o estudo do constructo fome hedónica em populações de língua portuguesa, in¬cluindo populações clínicas de indivíduos com obesidade.This work was supported by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia through a Junior Research and Career Development Award from the Harvard Medical SchoolPortugal Program to AJO-M (HMSP/ICJ/0020/2011). EUROCONSUMERS supported costs related to recruitment of the population sample

Psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Yale Food Addiction Scale

Purpose Rising rates of obesity have been recently associated to the novel concept of food addiction (FA). The Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) is the most widely used measure for examining FA (1) and analysis of its reliability and validity is expected to facilitate empirical research on the construct. Here, we tested the psychometric properties of a Portuguese version of the YFAS (P-YFAS), establishing its factor structure, reliability and construct validity. Methods Data were obtained from 468 Portuguese individuals, 278 sampled from non-clinical populations, and 190 among obese candidates for weight-loss surgery. A battery of self-report measures of eating behavior was applied. Results Confirmatory factor analysis verified a one-factor structure with acceptable fit, with item analysis suggesting the need to eliminate item 24 from the P-YFAS. Internal consistency (KR-20 = .82) and test-retest stability were adequate. Correlation analyses supported convergent and divergent validity of the P-YFAS, particularly in the clinical sample. Both FA symptom count and diagnosis, according to the P-YFAS, adequately discriminated between samples, with classification of FA met by 2.5 and 25.8% of the participants in the non-clinical and clinical samples, respectively. Conclusions These findings reinforce the use of P-YFAS in non-clinical and clinical populations. Future directions for extending YFAS validation are discussed.Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia through a Junior Research and Career Development Award from the Harvard Medical Portugal Program (HMSP/ICJ/0020/2011) to AJO-M and CPUP (UID/PSI/00050/2013) to ST, and a Grant from the BIAL Foundation (176/10) to AJO-Minfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Reward-related gustatory and psychometric predictors of weight loss following bariatric surgery: a multicenter cohort study

© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society for Nutrition. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact [email protected]: Reward sensitivity has been proposed as a potential mediator of outcomes for bariatric surgery. Objectives: We aimed to determine whether gustatory and psychometric measures of reward-related feeding are predictors of bariatric-induced weight loss. Methods: A multicenter longitudinal cohort study was conducted in patients scheduled for bariatric surgery (surgical group), assessed at baseline and 2 follow-up assessments. Predictions of % weight loss from baseline (%WL) according to baseline gustatory measures, including intensity and pleasantness ratings of sweet and other tastants, and psychometric measures of reward-related feeding behavior, including hedonic hunger scores, were assessed with multivariable linear regression. Exploratory analyses were conducted to test for associations between %WL and changes in gustatory and psychophysical measures, as well as for comparisons with data from patients on the surgery waiting list (control group). Results: We included 212 patients, of whom 96 in the surgical group and 50 in the control group were prospectively assessed. The groups were similar at baseline and, as expected, bariatric surgery resulted in higher %WL (BTreatment-Time = 2.4; 95% CI: 2.1-2.8; P < 0.0001). While variation in gustatory measures did not differ between groups, in the surgery group baseline sweet intensity predicted %WL at the primary endpoint (11 to 18 months postoperatively; β = 0.2; B = 0.2, 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.3; P = 0.02), as did hedonic hunger scores (β = -0.2; B = -2.0, 95% CI: -3.8 to -0.3; P = 0.02). Furthermore, at this endpoint, postsurgical reduction of sweet taste intensity and acceptance of sweet foods were associated with %WL (β = -0.3; B = -3.5, 95% CI: -5.8 to -1.3; P = 0.003, and β = -0.2; B = -4.7, 95% CI: -8.5 to -0.8; P = 0.02, respectively). The use of sweet intensity as a predictor of weight change was confirmed in another bariatric cohort. Conclusions: Sweet intensity ratings and hedonic hunger scores predict %WL after surgery. The variability of sweet intensity ratings is also associated with %WL, further suggesting they may reflect physiological processes that are variably modulated by bariatric surgery, influencing clinical outcomes.AJO-M is a recipient of a grant from Schuhfried GmBH for norming and validation of cognitive tests; is national coordinator for Portugal of a non-interventional study (EDMS-ERI-143085581, 4.0) to characterize a treatment-resistant depression cohort in Europe, sponsored by Janssen-Cilag Ltd; and is national coordinator of a trial of psilocybin therapy for treatment-resistant depression, sponsored by Compass Pathways, Ltd (EudraCT NUMBER: 2017–003288–36).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The influence of abdominal adiposity and physical fitness on obesity status of portuguese adolescents

The aim of this study was to verify the relationship between abdominal adiposity and physical fitness in the obesity status of Portuguese adolescents. BMI, abdominal adiposity, and physical fitness tests from the FITescola® were evaluated in a total of 654 Portuguese adolescents, aged 10-19 years old—male: n = 334 (51%), female: n = 320 (49%). For the final model, BMI was positively related with age (β = 0.25), abdominal adiposity (β = 0.313), horizontal jump (β = −0.100), 40 m maximal velocity (β = 0.274), and aerobic fitness (β = −0.250, R2 = 0.75, F = 382.2, and p = 0.0001). We conclude that higher age and abdominal adiposity are positively related with a higher adolescent BMI. Furthermore, lower horizontal jump distances and worse times on the 40 m maximal velocity were inversely related with a higher adolescent BMI, and lower aerobic fitness was inversely related with a higher adolescent BMI.This research was funded by the National Funds through FCT—Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (UIDB/DTP/04045/2020) and the Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro (grant number NIDEF.21-22).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

PEDOLOGIA APLICADA À CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL NO ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE

O presente artigo tem como objetivo fundamental a discussão sobre a aplicação de características geomorfológicas e pedológicas de solos do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte relacionadas com comportamentos geotécnicos de interesse particular ao setor da Construção Civil. A metodologia empregada se baseia nos estudos de fatores pedológicos condicionantes de propriedades dos solos importantes para o projeto e construção de obras de engenharia civil, sendo realizada a análise dos distintos tipos pedológicos de solos e de mapas da geomorfologia e pedologia do Estado. Conclue-se que as informações baseadas nos estudos de características pedológicas dos solos podem ser úteis para a análise de macro-zonas com riscos potenciais de erosão, permeabilidade, colapsividade e expansividade de solos. Com o estudo feito, foram elaborados alguns mapas que podem ajudar no planejamento adequado do uso dos solos a fim de se evitar eventuais problemas geotécnicos. Palavras-chave: Construção Civil, Solos, Geomorfologia e Pedologia