Translating Oscar Wilde and Liam O’Flaherty

Should the translator cater for the needs of the writer or for those of the reader? Should he/she remain as close to every single word of the original text as possible, sacrificing if necessary fluency and clarity; or should she/he interpret the text in a manner that ignores the spirit and foreign nature (i.e., tempo, character, concepts) of the original language as well as the author’s peculiar way of thinking and feeling? Is there a third alternative, a middle way? Is every translation in fact an adaptation? I had to try to answer these questions when translating Oscar Wilde’s An Ideal Husband and Liam O’Flaherty’s The Informer. These are the questions one always faces when engaged in the challenging, often perilous, ever fascinating and enriching experience of translation.Should the translator cater for the needs of the writer or for those of the reader? Should he/she remain as close to every single word of the original text as possible, sacrificing if necessary fluency and clarity; or should she/he interpret the text in a manner that ignores the spirit and foreign nature (i.e., tempo, character, concepts) of the original language as well as the author’s peculiar way of thinking and feeling? Is there a third alternative, a middle way? Is every translation in fact an adaptation? I had to try to answer these questions when translating Oscar Wilde’s An Ideal Husband and Liam O’Flaherty’s The Informer. These are the questions one always faces when engaged in the challenging, often perilous, ever fascinating and enriching experience of translation

Dapatkah Akses Listrik Meningkatkan Ketahanan Pangan Di Indonesia?

Hubungan antara akses listrik dan ketahanan pangan telah diteliti selama beberapa tahun namun belum seluruhnya didukung dengan bukti empiris. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi peran akses listrik terhadap ketahanan pangan pada tingkat kabupaten/kota di Indonesia antara tahun 2018 hingga 2021. Hasil menunjukkan adanya keterkaitan spasial antara ketahanan pangan kabupaten/kota dengan wilayah sekitaran yang memiliki kesamaan karakteristik. Berdasarkan estimasi Spatial Error Model (SEM), penelitian ini menemukan adanya peran positif kapasitas terpasang pembangkit listrik terhadap indeks ketahanan pangan di Indonesia. Sementara, jumlah gardu tidak secara signifikan memengaruhi ketahanan pangan. Hasil ini diharapkan dapat mendorong pembuat kebijakan untuk memprioritaskan investasi pada infrastruktur ketenagalistrikan, yang dapat meningkatkan ketahanan pangan di kabupaten/kota. Variabel lain seperti share industri terhadap PDRB, PDRB per kapita, dan indeks pembangunan gender juga secara signifikan memengaruhi ketahanan pangan di Indonesia

COVID-19 Social Assistance Program and Poverty: Evidence from Indonesia

The COVID-19 pandemic and policy response caused widespread disruptions to Indonesia's economy. Besides prioritizing saving people's lives during the COVID-19 pandemic, the government's focus is also to minimize the negative economic impact of the pandemic, including allocating social assistance programs to support household well-being. This study examines the role of COVID-19 social assistance programs in protecting households from falling into poverty during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a longitudinal dataset from SUSENAS March and September 2020, this study employs difference-in-difference estimation with a conditional logit model to estimate the impact of COVID-19 social assistance programs on household poverty status. The result shows that the COVID-19 social assistance programs positively prevent households from becoming poor during the COVID-19 pandemic

Sexism and Gender Inequality in the Legal Profession in England and Wales: Barriers to Progression for Women

This thesis is a qualitative study examining gender inequalities in the legal profession, specifically in the field of the solicitors’ profession. The research question is concerned with the lack of representation of women in leadership roles and asks why, despite the large numbers entering the profession, female solicitors are not progressing to seniority and partnership levels at the same rate and pace as their male colleagues. The findings are based on interviews conducted with practising female solicitors operating within the legal profession in England and Wales, specifically those in private practice. The key findings of this research lie in the identification of significant barriers and blockages to the progression of women solicitors into senior leadership positions. Such obstructions are a consequence of the masculine nature of the legal profession which is responsible for creating an uninclusive culture which excludes the female gender. In particular, one distinct type of masculinity, known as toxic masculinity, is responsible for creating structural inequalities to such an extent that social injustices pertaining to the representation of women in law can be identified. The composition of the solicitors’ profession includes a slight majority of women at lower and entry levels, a gender balance which is then lost in the upper echelons of the profession, where only a fraction of these women progress into partnerships

The relationship between task difficulty and second language fluency in French:a mixed-methods approach

While there exists a considerable body of literature on task-based difficulty and second language (L2) fluency in English as a second language (ESL), there has been little investigation with French learners. This mixed-methods study examines learner appraisals of task difficulty and their relationship to automated utterance fluency measures in French under three different task conditions. Participants were 40 adult learners of French at varying levels of proficiency studying in a university immersion context in Québec. Appraisal of task difficulty was assessed quantitatively by participants’ self-reports in response to a five-item questionnaire and qualitatively by retrospective interviews. Utterance fluency was operationalized by four temporal variables and measured by Praat, a speech analysis software program. Across tasks, the quantitative results indicate that appraisals of lexical retrieval difficulty and fluency difficulty were most strongly related to perceived overall task difficulty. The qualitative analysis shows how L2 speakers evaluated the difficulty of each task as well as the features that either contributed to or limited their L2 fluency. Students’ fluency in performing the three tasks was found to differ for articulation rate and average pause time, but not for pause frequency or phonation-time ratio

Plantation Economy Model as Developed by Lloyd Best and Kari Polanyi Levitt: The Case of Jamaica

Lloyd Best and Kari Polanyi Levitt created the Theory of the Plantation Economy as an analytical tool for understanding the causes of underdevelopment in the Caribbean region. The theory provides a break from the classical understanding of developing economies as simply pre-industrialized societies. Instead, the theory tracks uneven development through analysis of metropole-hinterland relations, which account for the legacy of slavery, colonialism, and mercantilism on the structure of the global economy. In doing so, Plantation Theory is able to draw a clear link between underdevelopment in the hinterland and development in the metropole. Examining the usefulness of the Theory of Plantation Economy when applied to the Jamaican economy allows this paper to provide a comprehensive picture of Jamaica’s economic history. A picture which examines the unique structural legacy left by mercantilism and the ‘plantation system’ on economic agents and institutions. This paper examines issues associated with dependent export-led economies. It also tracks the movement of global capital and the transformation of the economic enterprise through the lens of the Jamaica economy

UNDERGROUND ECONOMY IN INDONESIA

This paper estimates the size of underground economic activity in Indonesia. Underground economy covers market production of goods and services, legal and illegal, which are sold or purchased illegally. Using monetary approach, this paper concludes the average size of the underground economy in Indonesia during 2001-2013 was 8.33 percent of GDP. Consequently, the average size of potential tax loss was Rp. 11,172.86 billion or about one percent of GDP

UNDERGROUND ECONOMY IN INDONESIA

This paper estimates the size of underground economic activity in Indonesia. Underground economy covers market production of goods and services, legal and illegal, which are sold or purchased illegally. Using monetary approach, this paper concludes the average size of the underground economy in Indonesia during 2001-2013 was 8.33 percent of GDP. Consequently, the average size of potential tax loss was Rp. 11,172.86 billion or about one percent of GDP