"PASCULTURAL" proyecto de animación sociocultural

Se trata de un proyecto de Animación sociocultural en el Valle de Pas, y, más concretamente, en tres de sus municipios: Puente Viesgo, Corvera de Toranzo y Santiurde de Toranzo. Este trabajo se centra principalmente en la necesidad de mantener y poner en valor el patrimonio cultural pasiego. Para ello, hemos desarrollado un proyecto destinado a niños y niñas de 10 a 14 años y a personas mayores de 65 años, con los que trabajaremos mediante el desarrollo de actividades que propicien la permanencia de la cultura pasiega.Grado en Educación Socia

Conjugative DNA Transfer From E. coli to Transformation-Resistant Lactobacilli

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) belonging to the genus classically known as Lactobacillus, recently split into 25 different genera, include many relevant species for the food industry. The well-known properties of lactobacilli as probiotics make them an attractive model also for vaccines and therapeutic proteins delivery in humans. However, scarce tools are available to accomplish genetic modification of these organisms, and most are only suitable for laboratory strains. Here, we test bacterial conjugation as a new tool to introduce genetic modifications into many biotechnologically relevant laboratory and wild type lactobacilli. Using mobilizable shuttle plasmids from a donor Escherichia coli carrying either RP4 or R388 conjugative systems, we were able to get transconjugants to all tested Lactocaseibacillus casei strains, including many natural isolates, and to several other genera, including Lentilactobacillus parabuchneri, for which no transformation protocol has been reported. Transconjugants were confirmed by the presence of the oriT and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Serendipitously, we also found transconjugants into researcher-contaminant Staphylococcus epidermidis. Conjugative DNA transfer from E. coli to S. aureus was previously described, but at very low frequencies. We have purified this recipient strain and used it in standard conjugation assays, confirming that both R388 and RP4 conjugative systems mediate mobilization of plasmids into S. epidermidis. This protocol could be assayed to introduce DNA into other Gram-positive microorganisms which are resistant to transformation.FUNDING: Work in ML lab was supported by the grant BIO2017-87190-R from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. Work in MÁ lab was funded by the Spanish State Research Agency (AEI) and the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) (AGL2016-78708-R, AEI/FEDER, EU). DG-H was a recipient of a predoctoral appointment from the University of Cantabria. RM-C received an ErasmusC traineeship grant

Evolution of CRISPR-associated endonucleases as inferred from resurrected proteins

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated Cas9 is an effector protein that targets invading DNA and plays a major role in the prokaryotic adaptive immune system. Although Streptococcus pyogenes CRISPR–Cas9 has been widely studied and repurposed for applications including genome editing, its origin and evolution are poorly understood. Here, we investigate the evolution of Cas9 from resurrected ancient nucleases (anCas) in extinct firmicutes species that last lived 2.6 billion years before the present. We demonstrate that these ancient forms were much more flexible in their guide RNA and protospacer-adjacent motif requirements compared with modern-day Cas9 enzymes. Furthermore, anCas portrays a gradual palaeoenzymatic adaptation from nickase to double-strand break activity, exhibits high levels of activity with both single-stranded DNA and single-stranded RNA targets and is capable of editing activity in human cells. Prediction and characterization of anCas with a resurrected protein approach uncovers an evolutionary trajectory leading to functionally flexible ancient enzymes.This work has been supported by grant nos. PID2019-109087RB-I00 (to R.P.-J.) and RTI2018-101223-B-I00 and PID2021-127644OB-I00 (to L.M.) from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 964764 (to R.P.-J.). The content presented in this document represents the views of the authors, and the European Commission has no liability in respect to the content. We acknowledge financial support from the Spanish Foundation for the Promotion of Research of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. A.F. acknowledges Spanish Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERE) intramural funds (no. ER19P5AC756/2021). F.J.M.M. acknowledges research support by Conselleria d’Educació, Investigació, Cultura i Esport from Generalitat Valenciana, research project nos. PROMETEO/2017/129 and PROMETEO/2021/057. M.M. acknowledges funding from CIBERER (grant no. ER19P5AC728/2021). The work has received funding from the Regional Government of Madrid (grant no. B2017/BMD3721 to M.A.M.-P.) and from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, cofounded with the European Regional Development Fund ‘A way to make Europe’ within the National Plans for Scientific and Technical Research and Innovation 2017–2020 and 2021–2024 (nos. PI17/1659, PI20/0429 and IMP/00009; to M.A.M.-P. B.P.K. was supported by an MGH ECOR Howard M. Goodman Award and NIH P01 HL142494

Estudio de biomarcadores de interés clínico en animales exóticos

[ES] Los biomarcadores son indicadores de procesos biológicos normales, procesos patogénicos o respuesta farmacológica a una intervención terapéutica. Por lo tanto, los biomarcadores pueden revelar una gran variedad de estados patológicos; sin embargo, algunos tienen poca especificidad y no son patognomónicos de enfermedad, por lo que es necesario, a menudo, el análisis de varios biomarcadores clínicos, con el fin de localizar mejor el origen potencial del problema, especialmente, si es subclínico. Si hay una alteración significativa de diferentes parámetros se puede realizar un diagnóstico preliminar con un alto grado de certeza, siendo de gran utilidad para futuros diagnósticos. Este grado de certeza será mayor cuando utilizamos otras herramientas basadas en el diagnóstico por imagen o en la toma de biopsias para el estudio histopatológico. Los biomarcadores son particularmente relevantes en investigación humana y veterinaria teniendo un papel muy importante en la caracterización de diversas enfermedades. Actualmente, hay disponible una amplia bibliografía sobre estos indicadores en medicina humana y veterinaria siendo, los perros y los gatos, los animales más estudiados, en este último caso; sin embargo, es escasa la información existente en animales exóticos como son los pequeños mamíferos (hurones, cobayas, conejos, etc.) y las aves. Por todo ello, se hace necesario investigar sobre los biomarcadores en animales exóticos como una herramienta diagnóstica para la identificación de una enfermedad o condición anormal, para conocer el estadío o grado de extensión de la enfermedad y para predecir y controlar la respuesta clínica a una intervención, especialmente farmacológica. Este trabajo se centra en el estudio de cuatro biomarcadores (lipasa, fructosamina, ácido láctico y proteína C reactiva) cuya relevancia clínica no se conoce bien en los nuevos animales de compañía. La determinación se realiza en muestras de suero de diferentes especies de animales exóticos con distintas patologías y sintomatología, mediante análisis laboratorial. Las técnicas empleadas en este trabajo de investigación se basan, fundamentalmente, en ensayos colorimétricos, colorimétricos cinéticos, electroforesis, Western Blot… Con el fin de determinar la relevancia clínica de los biomarcadores estudiados, todos los resultados obtenidos serán procesados estadísticamente, junto con datos de indicadores sanguíneos obtenidos por laboratorios certificados y datos procedentes del estudio de otras herramientas diagnósticas obtenidas en clínica, como el análisis por imagen o histopatológico.[EN] Biomarkers are indicators of normal biological processes, pathogenic processes or pharmacological response to a therapeutic intervention. Therefore, biomarkers can reveal a wide variety of pathological states; however, some have little specificity and are not pathognomonic of disease, so it is often necessary to analyze several clinical biomarkers, in order to better locate the potential source of the problem, especially if it is subclinical. If there is a significant alteration of different parameters, a preliminary diagnosis can be made with a high degree of certainty, being very useful for future diagnoses. This degree of certainty will be greater when we use other tools based on diagnostic imaging or taking biopsies for histopathological study. Biomarkers are particularly relevant in human and veterinary research, having a very important role in the characterization of various diseases. Currently, an extensive bibliography on these indicators in human and veterinary medicine is available, being dogs and cats the most studied animals, in the latter case; However, there is little information available on exotic animals such as small mammals (ferrets, guinea pigs, rabbits, etc.) and birds. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate biomarkers in exotic animals as a diagnostic tool for the identification of an abnormal disease or condition, to know the stage or extent of the disease and to predict and control the clinical response to an intervention, especially pharmacological. This work focuses on the study of four biomarkers (lipase, fructosamine, lactic acid and Creactive protein) whose clinical relevance is not well known in new companion animals. The determination is made in serum samples of different species of exotic animals with different pathologies and symptoms, by laboratory analysis. The techniques used in this research work are based, fundamentally, on colorimetric tests, kinetic colorimetric, electrophoresis, Western Blot... In order to determine the clinical relevance of the biomarkers studied, all the results obtained will be processed statistically, along with data from blood indicators obtained by certified laboratories and data from the study of other diagnostic tools obtained in the clinic, such as image analysis or histopathological analysis.Samperio Blázquez, S. (2018). Estudio de biomarcadores de interés clínico en animales exóticos. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/10761

Concepts, development and academic training in cardiopulmonary resuscitation

La parada cardiorrespiratoria es considerada una urgencia vital que requiere de atención sanitaria inmediata, debido a las graves secuelas que provoca y al alto índice de mortalidad que presenta. La media de edad de las personas que lo sufren es de 60 años, afectando en mayor medida a los hombres. En las sociedades desarrolladas, la incidencia anual es de entre 30 y 55 personas por cada 100.000 habitantes. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir los algoritmos en torno a la reanimación cardiopulmonar y los conocimientos que presentan los profesionales sanitarios, así como la formación de la población general. Por ello, es de suma importancia la formación continua en las técnicas de reanimación cardiopulmonar básica y avanzada, el inicio precoz de las compresiones torácicas e inmediata activación de la cadena de supervivencia, con la intención de elevar el índice de supervivencia en este tipo de situaciones, así como la calidad de vida de los supervivientes. Existen numerosas asociaciones a nivel internacional encargadas de la elaboración de guías de recomendación en las que se establecen los algoritmos a seguir para el tratamiento y técnicas de reanimación cardiopulmonar. Los conocimientos de los profesionales sanitarios son deficitarios, y por ello se recomienda la necesidad de plantear la realización de cursos anuales o bianuales en los que se apliquen las maniobras y se actualicen las novedades surgidas para todos los profesionales sanitarios. Las autoridades sanitarias deberían tener en cuenta esta necesidad de formación y proporcionar medidas.Heart arrest is considered a vital emergency that requires immediate health assistance, because of the serious consequences it causes and the high mortality rate presented. The average age of people who suffer is 60 years, affecting more to men. In developed societies, the annual incidence is between 30 and 55 people per 100,000 inhabitants. The aim of this paper is to describe the algorithms around cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the knowledge that health professionals have, as well as the formation of the general population. Because of that, is very important the continuous training in cardiopulmonary resuscitation techniques, basic and advanced ones, the early onset of chest compressions and immediate activation of the survival chain, with the intention of raising the survival rate in such situations and the quality of life of survivors. There are numerous international associations responsible for the development of guidelines recommendation in which the algorithms are set to continue for the treatment and cardiopulmonary resuscitation techniques Knowledge of health professionals are deficient, and therefore the need to raise the performance of annual or biennial courses that apply maneuvers and developments arising for all health professionals updated is recommended. Health authorities should take into account this need and provide training measures.Grado en Enfermerí

Nucleoprotein recruitment and transfer through Type IV Secretion Systems involved in bacterial conjugation and virulence

Trabajo presentado en el Workshop Contribution of bacterial injection systems to human disease, celebrado en Jaén (España) del 05 al 07 de noviembre de 2018

Conjugative DNA transfer from E. coli to transformation-resistant lactobacilli

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) belonging to the genus classically known as Lactobacillus, recently split into 25 different genera, include many relevant species for the food industry. The well-known properties of lactobacilli as probiotics make them an attractive model also for vaccines and therapeutic proteins delivery in humans. However, scarce tools are available to accomplish genetic modification of these organisms, and most are only suitable for laboratory strains. Here, we test bacterial conjugation as a new tool to introduce genetic modifications into many biotechnologically relevant laboratory and wild type lactobacilli. Using mobilizable shuttle plasmids from a donor Escherichia coli carrying either RP4 or R388 conjugative systems, we were able to get transconjugants to all tested Lactocaseibacillus casei strains, including many natural isolates, and to several other genera, including Lentilactobacillus parabuchneri, for which no transformation protocol has been reported. Transconjugants were confirmed by the presence of the oriT and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Serendipitously, we also found transconjugants into researcher-contaminant Staphylococcus epidermidis. Conjugative DNA transfer from E. coli to S. aureus was previously described, but at very low frequencies. We have purified this recipient strain and used it in standard conjugation assays, confirming that both R388 and RP4 conjugative systems mediate mobilization of plasmids into S. epidermidis. This protocol could be assayed to introduce DNA into other Gram-positive microorganisms which are resistant to transformation.Work in ML lab was supported by the grant BIO2017-87190-R from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. Work in MÁ lab was funded by the Spanish State Research Agency (AEI) and the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) (AGL2016-78708-R, AEI/FEDER, EU). DG-H was a recipient of a predoctoral appointment from the University of Cantabria. RM-C received an Erasmus+ traineeship grant

Bacterial conjugation as broad-spectrum delivery system for relaxase-driven genetic modification tools

Trabajo presentado en la International Plasmid Biology Conference, celebrada en Toulouse (Francia), del 18 al 23 de septiembre de 202

Ajedrez en la escuela

Convocatoria Proyectos de innovación de Extremadura 2017/2018Se parte de la idea que el ajedrez es un juego-deporte atractivo para los niños y una herramienta potente para el profesorado por sus múltiples posibilidades que permiten desarrollar la atención, la memoria, la concentración, el análisis de problemas, la toma de decisiones, etc. Por ello se lleva a cabo un proyecto en el CEIP Conquistador Loaysa (Jarandilla de la Vera, Cáceres) que pretende fomentar el aprendizaje del ajedrez entre los alumnos del centro. Otros objetivos del proyecto fueron: promover el respeto al adversario en las prácticas realizadas; fomentar la actitud de investigación acerca del ajedrez; conocer la historia de la ajedrez desde sus inicios, así como los campeones del mundo y personajes destacados; saber transcribir una partida de ajedrez del tablero a la hoja de registro y viceversa; desarrollar habilidades estratégicas y tácticas en el juego, etc. Así mismo se trabajaron otros objetivos propios de la etapa de Educación Primaria como conocer y aprenciar los valores de la convivencia, desarrollar hábitos de trabajo individual y de equipo, conocer y utilizar de modo adecuado la lengua castellana, adquirir la competencia comunicativa básica en al menos una lengua extranjera, desarrollar la competencia matemática e iniciarse en la resolución de problemas, etc.ExtremaduraES