“Programa de Educación Ambiental para incidir en la actitud del manejo de Residuos Sólidos Urbanos (RSU) de estudiantes del nivel medio superior

Esta investigación tuvo como objeto evaluar la actitud de los alumnos que participaron en un programa de educación ambiental no formal. El diseño del programa se fundamentó en el manejo de residuos sólidos urbanos generados en la Unidad Académica Preparatoria No. 26, de la UAG. Se trabajó con dos poblaciones, la A que llevó el PEA y la B que no lo llevó. Para valorar el cambio de actitud, en la fase diagnóstica y final se aplicó un cuestionario. En la fase formativa se generó información sobre los residuos sólidos y sus subproductos, se realizaron diversas actividades complementarias, talleres y discusiones grupales. La actitud fue evaluada con la escala aditiva tipo Likert. La población A manifestó preocupación ambiental y la importancia de establecer políticas ambientales para el manejo de los RSU, con mejores valores actitudinales; mientras que la población B, presentó desinterés por el problema

Rural Tourism And Its Socio-Environmental Impact In Puerto Vicente Guerrero, Mexico

Las comunidades costeras han adoptado el modelo turístico rural por efecto de la derrama económica que se producen en grandes centros turísticos. Puerto Vicente Guerrero, no es la excepción, la comunidad adaptó el espacio a dicho modelo de negocio. El objetivo de esta investigación fue, el análisis de los impactos socioambientales ocasionadas por el turismo rural de base comunitaria en Puerto Vicente Guerrero en México. En tanto, la metodología usada se llevaron a cabo 20 entrevistas a informantes claves que viven en la comunidad y tienen algún vínculo con el sector turístico, posteriormente se realizó un análisis del discurso para la comprensión del contexto de la vida cotidiana y su gestión en dicho sector. Como resultados relevantes se identificó una comunidad sin capacidad de respuesta para atender el público en masa, nula planificación de la comunidad que terminó agudizando los problemas socioambientales y un desarrollo turístico que tiene condiciones de infraestructuras mínimas, sumado la escasez de agua potable. La comunidad tiene una débil gestión en la adopción de un modelo de negocio con base en el turismo, sin embargo, el potencial turístico puede impulsarlos como un punto de referencia y competir con las ciudades de mayor demanda entre los que destacan Acapulco y Zihuatanejo en Guerrero.Coastal communities have adopted the rural tourism model due to the economic benefits that occur in large tourist centers. Puerto Vicente Guerrero is no exception, the community adapted the space to this business model. The objective of this research was the analysis of the socio-environmental impacts caused by community-based rural tourism in Puerto Vicente Guerrero in Mexico. Meanwhile, the methodology used, 20 interviews were carried out with key informants who live in the community and have some link with the tourism sector, later a discourse analysis was carried out to understand the context of daily life and its management in said sector. As relevant results, a community without response capacity to serve the public en masse, zero community planning that ended up exacerbating socio-environmental problems and a tourism development that has minimal infrastructure conditions, added to the scarcity of drinking water, was identified. The community has a weak management in the adoption of a business model based on tourism, however, the tourism potential can promote them as a point of reference and compete with the cities with the highest demand, among which Acapulco and Zihuatanejo in Guerrero stand out

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

FORMACIÓN DOCENTE PARA INTEGRAR EL EJE MEDIO AMBIENTE EN EL PROCESO DE ENSEÑANZA-APRENDIZAJE EN EL NIVEL SUPERIOR EN LA UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE GUERRERO MÉXICO

Para atender la crisis ambiental planetaria, hacer conciencia en los seres humanos y tomar medidas que contribuyan a mejorar las condiciones del medio ambiente, es necesario recurrir a la Educación Ambiental (EA) para formar personas que actúen con responsabilidad ambiental y con una visión de sustentabilidad, una estrategia para implementar contenidos ambientales en el currículo es la transversalidad.En este documento se presenta una propuesta de formación docente con la finalidad de dar orientaciones para integrar de manera transversal en sus UAp contenidos ambientales, la metodología implementada fue mixta con un enfoque de investigación-acción. Previo a la implementación de formación docente se aplicó un diagnóstico de la percepción de los docentes sobre saberes ambientales se evidenció que la vinculación del eje medio ambiente con el perfil de egreso es escasa. En cuanto al proceso de formación docente se visualizó que los docentes contaban con conocimientos generales sobre el tema ambiental, pero no tenían claro como introducir estos contenidos en su unidad de aprendizaje. Se deben fortalecerse los trabajos colegiados, complementados con procesos de formación docente que permitan una adecuada implementación de la competencia ambiental en las unidades de aprendizaje, y que se refleje en el perfil de egreso.Para enfrentar a crise ambiental planetária, conscientizar os seres humanos e adotar medidas que contribuam para a melhoria das condições ambientais, é necessário recorrer a Educação Ambiental (EA) para formar pessoas que atuem com responsabilidade ambiental e com visão de sustentabilidade, uma estratégia para implementar conteúdos ambientais no currículo é a transversalidade. Neste documento se apresenta uma proposta de formação de professores com o propósito de dar orientações para integrar de forma transversal conteúdos ambientais em Unidades de Aprendizagem (UAp). A metodologia implementada foi mista com uma abordagem de pesquisa-ação. Antes da implementação da formação de professores, foi feito um diagnóstico da percepção dos professores sobre o saberes ambientales. Ficou evidente que a ligação entre o eixo ambiental e o perfil de egresso é escassa. Em relação ao processo de formação docente se visualizou que os professores possuíam conhecimentos gerais sobre o tema ambiental, mas não sabiam como introduzir esses conteúdos em suas unidades de aprendizagem (UAp). Os trabalhos colegiados devem ser fortalecidos, complementados por processos de formação de professores que permitam uma adequada implementação da competência ambiental nas unidades de aprendizagem, e que se reflita no perfil de egresso

Proportional Variation of Potential Groundwater Recharge as a Result of Climate Change and Land-Use: A Study Case in Mexico

This work proposes a methodology whereby the selection of hydrologic and land-use cover change (LUCC) models allows an assessment of the proportional variation in potential groundwater recharge (PGR) due to both land-use cover change (LUCC) and some climate change scenarios for 2050. The simulation of PGR was made through a distributed model, based on empirical methods and the forecasting of LUCC stemming from a supervised classification with remote sensing techniques, both inside a Geographic Information System. Once the supervised classification was made, a Markov-based model was developed to predict LUCC to 2050. The method was applied in Acapulco, an important tourism center for Mexico. From 1986 to 2017, the urban area increased 5%, and by 2050 was predicted to cover 16%. In this period, a loss of 7 million m3 of PGR was assumed to be caused by the estimated LUCC. From 2017 to 2050, this loss is expected to increase between 73 and 273 million m3 depending on the considered climate change scenario, which is the equivalent amount necessary for satisfying the water needs of 6 million inhabitants. Therefore, modeling the variation in groundwater recharge can be an important tool for identifying water vulnerability, through both climate and land-use change

Effect of agronomic characteristics of hybrid and Creole corn using native plant growth-promoting bacteria to reduce the production cost: Effect on the agronomic characteristics of hybrid and criollo corn using native plant growth-promoting bacteria as a low-cost production alternative: A rural experience in southern México.

The use of chemical fertilizers has generated an increase in environmental pollution. However, biofertilizers are profitable, improve soil conditions, leading to an increase in growth and yield of crops of economic interest for small and large producers, in this sense, contributing to environmental pollution by agrochemicals is a challenge for the 2030 agenda, where inoculation with plant growth promoting bacteria (BPCV) native to the genus Rhizobium sp., Azospirillum sp. and Azotobacter sp., are a solid ecological alternative and increase in production and cost reduction. The main objective of the research was to design and evaluate an environmentally friendly biofertilizer based on BPCV, evaluating the agronomic characteristics of two corn genotypes, hybrid A7573 C/Acceleron and Criollo under a randomized complete block experimental design with nine treatments and four replicates, water and fertilizer were used as controls under irrigation conditions and production costs were analyzed. The agronomic variables evaluated were: plant height (ADP), stem diameter (DDT) and leaf area (AF). At physiological maturity, ear row number (NHMZ), ear length (LDMZ) and grain yield in t ha-1 were evaluated, and yield and production costs were analyzed. The results indicated a positive response to inoculation with BPCV in corn. The yield of hybrid A7573 C/Acceleron T7 with 7.6 t ha-1, T6, with 7.2 t ha-1 and finally T2 with only 6.9 t ha-1, while with creole corn of the olotillo race, yields were obtained in the T6 treatment with 4. 4 t ha-1, T2 4.1 t ha-1 and T8 3.8 t ha-1 respectively and the production costs in all treatments were profitable, highlighting those inoculated with BPCV and with a free net profit of $10,219.00. The results show that the use of BPCV have greater effectiveness in all agronomic variables and better yields because they are adapted to the environmental and soil conditions, being an excellent alternative to the use of fertilizers and above all decrease the costs for corn production in rural communities.  Objective: To design and to evaluate an environmentally-friendly biofertilizer based on plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB), assessing the agronomic characteristics of two genotypes of C/Acceleron A7573 hybrid and Creole corn. Design/methodology/approach: A biofertilizer based on PGPB was designed and assessed in a completely random experimental block design with nine treatments and four repetitions in C/Acceleron A7573 hybrid and Creole corn in a plot at El Pericón, municipality of Tecoanapa, Guerrero, Mexico. The microorganisms Rhizobium sp., A. brasilense and A. vinelandii were used. Results: The use of PGPB has greater effectiveness in all the agronomic variables and better yields because they are adapted to the environmental and soil conditions, with it being an excellent alternative to the use of fertilizers. Limitations on study/implications: The demonstrative experimental plot had 5000 m2 and it was the main limitation. Findings/conclusions: Bacteria of the genus A. brasilense YOM9 and A. vinelandii YOC4 contributed to the higher yield of the C/Acceleron A7573 hybrid corn seed, and Rhizobium sp R01 and A. vinelandii YOC4 in the Creole grain of the olotillo race compared to the T9 fertilizer and the absolute control. A biofertilizer for corn is obtained based on results from this study, as an ecotechnology based on PGP

Retos y oportunidades en el uso sustentable del agua: Caso de estudio de San Isidro en Acapulco, Gro, México

http://tlamati.uagro.mx

Memorias del primer Simposio Nacional de Ciencias Agronómicas

Primer simposio nacional de Ciencias Agronómicas: El renacer del espacio de discusión científica para el Agro colombiano