Diagnosis of alpha thalassaemia trait in different ethnic groups

Summary available: p. 1

An infant's language progress : crying, babbling and first words : a case study

A study has been made on the infant, Sarah, from age 1 month up to 18 months. The main interest of the study was concerned with her phonetic and phonological development in the stages of: Crying, Babbling and First Words.As to the first stage, Crying, I intended to give as much coverage as possible to my subject's crying in the first six months of her life, attempting to analyze and explain it, making clear any differences in structure and content. According to the contextual situations in which they were produced, cries were categorized as:1) Call Cries,2) Protest Cries, and3) Non-call Cries.Vocalizations included in the above categories were tested according to their manner of phonation, temporal patterning and melodic patterning.As to the Babbling stage, Sarah's babblings were tested against the following issues:- Variety of sounds produced,- Relation between babbling and speech,- Are babblings meaningless and playful?, and- Function.Finally, the child's first words were tested against the following issues:- Appearance of the first word,- Holophrases, and- Overextension

Case Study of Ceramic Firing Profile for Terracotta-Based Glaze

Terracotta clay is a natural resource that has the potential as a raw material in the ceramic field. This study investigates the effects of color glaze using terracotta clay powder as an alternative substance for ceramic colorants in glaze formulation. Terracotta clay powder is proportionately added to glaze formulations to determine the potential for color added to the glaze at temperatures ranging from 1140 °C to 1200 °C. The content in terracotta clay is bounded with potash feldspar, silica, zinc oxide, and calcium carbonate. Results show the apparent color of the surface on the ceramic glaze samples with different effects. Keywords: Terracota; firing profile; glaze eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DO

Detection of subclinical paratuberculosis in dairy cattle in Egypt

Paratuberculosis (PTB) is a chronic disease affecting ruminants caused by mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP), characterized by the iceberg phenomena, as many cases are subclinical and underdiagnosed. An early diagnosis is imperative; however, no reliable single test is available, leading to delayed culling. Furthermore, using more than one test increases the rate of positively diagnosed cases. The current study aimed to detect subclinical PTB in dairy cows in El-Minia governorate, Egypt, using ELISA jointly with the detection of MAP by PCR. The positive cases were also subjected to pathological examination to determine whether lesions were present and their severity. A total of 145 cows of different breeds (Baladi, Mixed, and Holestins) and ages were tested by ELISA and PCR. Our results showed that the positive PTB cases detected by ELISA and PCR were 17.24% and 20%, respectively. Holestins have a significantly higher infection rate 31.70% than Baladi and Mixed breeds. In contrast, the native (Baladi) breed has the lowest infection rate 11.47%. Moreover, PTB is more common in cows aging (age ≥ 1.5- <2.5 is 28.2% and age ≥ 2.5- <3.5 is 22.91%). Among PCR-positive cases, 58.62% showed gross lesions, mainly thickening and folding of the intestinal mucosa and swelling of mesenteric lymph nodes. Histopathologically, 86.20% had chronic granulomatous enterocolitis and lymphadenitis. Furthermore, acid-fast bacilli were observed in 82.75%. Thus, subclinical PTB diagnosis could be more accurately confirmed when multiple diagnostic tools are used together

Reducing the Risk of Flood Disasters in Lamongan Regency Using the Geographic Information System (GIS)

Flood disasters cause negative impacts, such as damage to facilities to the onset of fatalities. Reducing the risk of flooding needs to be done to reduce the impact caused by this disaster. Lamongan Regency is one of the regencies in East Java affected by floods every year in most of its areas. This study aims to reduce the risk caused by flooding by using GIS (Geographic Information System). Mitigation is done by determining areas with a high potential risk of being affected by flooding. The study used spatial analysis functions in ArcGIS. Supporting variables used rainfall, land cover, slope, soil texture, and watershed area, and it becomes important in determining flood-prone areas. From the results, the largest soil classification is the Kpl soil type. Litosol Gray Grumosol, The wide distribution of rainfall from 1500-1750 mm has the widest distribution is 66,67 ha. The slope of 0-8% has the widest distribution of 92,257 ha, making Lamongan a very vulnerable high flood area. Laren District is the District with the greatest flood potential, and Irrigated Field is the dominant land cover type affected by the flood. With the flood disaster map generated from this research, local governments can seek prevention in areas with high flood potential. They can carry out socialization based on disaster mitigation, especially for districts with potential flooding

Use of inhaled PGE1 to improve diastolic dysfunction, LVEDP, Pulmonary Hypertension and Hypoxia in ARDS—A randomised clinical trial

Introduction: We wished to see the effects of inhaled PGE1 on diastolic dysfunction, left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP), pulmonary hypertension and hypoxia in ARDS patients. Methods: This is a randomized, prospective, clinical trial conducted in the main adult intensive care unit of a tertiary care University hospital. A total of 67 patients were recruited. Inclusion criteria included all adult patients with a P/F ratio /or Pulmonary Artery systolic (Pa) pressures of \u3e35 mmHg on Pulmonary artery catheter or suspected on clinical grounds. A transthoracic echo was performed to record the diastolic function, LVEDP and Pa pressures. Subsequently patients were randomized by a block computerized randomization to either cases (n = 34) or controls (n = 33). Cases received nebulised PGE1 over 30 minutes in the ICU and normal saline was administered to controls blindly. Following this the echo and arterial blood gases were repeated. Our primary outcomes were an improvement in diastolic function and P/F ratio of greater than 20% and a decrease in pulmonary pressure and LVEDP of \u3e20%. Results: At baseline, mean diastolic dysfunction was grade II, with a mean LVEDP of \u3e15 and the PaO2/FiO2 ratio was 148.38 ± 60.05 with a mean pulmonary artery pressure of 81.35 ± 16.91. Inhaled PGE1 was followed by an improvement in diastolic dysfunction (grade I, p = 0.001) with a resulting improvement in LVEDP (12 +/? 2, p = 0.001) as well as Pa pressures (97.09 ± 30.06, p = 0.04) and a non significant improvement in PaO2/FiO2 ratio (161.45 ± 77.52, p = 0.21). There were no side effects observed in any patients. Conclusion: Our study shows that there is a significant improvement in diastolic dysfunction, LVEDP and Pa pressures after administration of nebulised PGE1, and an improvement although non-significant in hypoxia in ARDS patients. The trial was registered with Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00314548) and funded by the Pakistan medical research council

An investigation on the impact of environment factors as constraints on Libyan commercial adoption of Islamic financial transactions using the Neo-Institutional Theory

This paper highlights the Libyan commercial banks’ institutional environment, as institutional constraints on their adoption of Islamic financial transactions. Principally, in the context of formal and informal constraints, the article investigates Libyan commercial banks' external institutional environment that governs their behavior and decisions. To achieve this end, the authors employed reports of the Libyan Central Bank, local, international reports, and semi-structured interviews. Finally, it reviews the implications to investigate the institutional environment and the study result conducted about Libyan commercial banks. Highlighting the research gap as a future study opens up new horizons to research the effect of the external environment on the commercial banks ' adoption of Islamic financial transactions. Specifically, providing a framework that includes the influence of all main actors that openly determine the commercial banks' organizational behavior rather than the only influence of bank's users

Effects of antiplatelet therapy on stroke risk by brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases: subgroup analyses of the RESTART randomised, open-label trial

Background Findings from the RESTART trial suggest that starting antiplatelet therapy might reduce the risk of recurrent symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage compared with avoiding antiplatelet therapy. Brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases (such as cerebral microbleeds) are associated with greater risks of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage. We did subgroup analyses of the RESTART trial to explore whether these brain imaging features modify the effects of antiplatelet therapy