Crypto-test-lab for security validation of ECC co-processor test infrastructure

© 20xx IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting /republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other worksElliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) is a technology for public-key cryptography that is becoming increasingly popular because it provides greater speed and implementation compactness than other public-key technologies. Calculations, however, may not be executed by software, since it would be so time consuming, thus an ECC co-processor is commonly included to accelerate the speed. Test infrastructure in crypto co-processors is often avoided because it poses serious security holes against adversaries. However, ECC co-processors include complex modules for which only functional test methodologies are unsuitable, because they would take an unacceptably long time during the production test. Therefore, some internal test infrastructure is always included to permit the application of structural test techniques. Designing a secure test infrastructure is quite a complex task that relies on the designer's experience and on trial & error iterations over a series of different types of attacks. Most of the severe attacks cannot be simulated because of the demanding computational effort and the lack of proper attack models. Therefore, prototypes are prepared using FPGAs. In this paper, a Crypto-Test-Lab is presented that includes an ECC co-processor with flexible test infrastructure. Its purpose is to facilitate the design and validation of secure strategies for testing in this type of co-processor.Postprint (author's final draft

A Sustainability-Driven Approach for Agile Software Requirements

The SDGs (sustainable development goals) demand for the involvement of all sectors of our society, from industry to academia. Therefore, the race towards sustainability has become increasingly more important and widely covered. Sustainability involves five different dimensions: environmental, economic, social, technical and individual. These dimensions are also of interest for software development since they have an impact not only on each other but also on the base requirements of a system. Therefore, well-informed design decisions require improved support to reason on such intra- and inter-relationships and impacts, early in the development. We are interested in reasoning about these relationships in an agile context where user stories play a major role, but do not handle sustainability requirements in a methodical way. For this purpose, our first step was to understand how developers from the agile community handled sustainability. The second step was to perform a systematic mapping study where we furthered our understanding of sustainability, and software development with agile methodologies. With this study we also gained awareness concerning any approaches that have been proposed regarding the integration of sustainability in an agile context. This study is the foundation for the third part of our work: a solution that consists in extending and adapting an existing catalogue of sustainability requirements into a catalogue of sustainability user stories for later reuse during the early stages of an agile software development process. We validated the approach with a case study (U-Bike) and performed an online survey for qualitative evaluation of the proposed approach.Os ODS (objetivos de desenvolvimento sustentável) exigem o envolvimento de todos os setores da nossa sociedade, da indústria à academia. Por isso, a corrida pela sustentabilidade tem se tornado cada vez mais importante e amplamente divulgada. A sustentabilidade envolve cinco dimensões diferentes: ambiental, econômica, social, técnica e individual. Essas dimensões também são de interesse para o desenvolvimento de software, pois impactam não apenas umas nas outras, mas também nos requisitos básicos de um sistema. Portanto, decisões de projeto bem informadas requerem suporte aprimorado para raciocinar sobre tais relacionamentos e impactos intra e inter-relacionados, logo no início do desenvolvimento. Estamos interessados em raciocinar sobre esses relacionamentos em um contexto ágil, onde as user stories desempenham um papel importante, mas não tratam os requisitos de sustentabilidade de maneira metódica. Para isso, nosso primeiro passo foi entender como os desenvolvedores da comunidade ágil lidavam com a sustentabilidade. A segunda etapa foi realizar um estudo de mapeamento sistemático onde ampliamos nosso entendimento sobre sustentabilidade e desenvolvimento de software com metodologias ágeis. Com este estudo também tomamos conhecimento de quaisquer abordagens que tenham sido propostas em relação à integração da sustentabilidade em um contexto ágil. Este estudo é a base para a terceira parte do nosso trabalho: uma solução que consiste em estender e adaptar um catálogo existente de requisitos de sustentabilidade em um catálogo de user stories de sustentabilidade para posterior reutilização durante os estágios iniciais de um processo de desenvolvimento ágil de software. Validamos a abordagem com um estudo de caso (U-Bike) e realizamos uma pesquisa online para avaliação qualitativa da abordagem proposta

Education as a key factor to end poverty among youth in Portugal : analysis of the perceived resources portuguese schools have

The purpose of this dissertation was to evaluate the perceived conditions Portuguese schools have on the combat of poverty and to furtherly provide insightful suggestions. The dissertation starts by offering a new, comprehensive conceptualization of poverty, with a focus on the psychological, physiological and social aspects of what it means to be poor. A set of two studies were conducted. One is dedicated to teaching staff, non-teaching staff and other school employees from schools inserted in the “Programa Territórios Educativos de Intervenção Prioritária” (TEIP Programme), and the other is destined to parents with school-age children/teenagers from the same schools as the first study. Two questionnaires were created, one for each study. Both questionnaires included quantitative and qualitative data. Results suggest that Portuguese schools, to some degree, are conscious of the already existent resources created to combat poverty and do offer some of them, even if their quality is not perceived as being on the desired level. There is a sense that schools try and make efforts. Those efforts are, however, viewed as insufficient, which does not mean respondents perceive the schools as being the responsible parties. Other reasons, such as lack of funding, might play a role. Furthermore, the respondents had multiple suggestions that were put into nine different sections. These suggestions serve as guidelines for schools to take into account and consider according to their specific needs. Some limitations to the study were identified. However, it is believed that this study was able to give new insights to the literature namely by a) providing a new conceptualization of poverty for the youth, b) evaluating how the Portuguese schools are prepared to eradicate poverty, and c) providing concrete suggestions for schools to consider when trying to end poverty and to make schools a better place for the good development of their students.O objetivo desta dissertação foi o de avaliar as condições percecionadas das escolas portuguesas no combate à pobreza, bem como fornecer sugestões relevantes. A dissertação começa por oferecer uma nova e abrangente conceptualização da pobreza, com enfoque nos aspetos psicológicos, fisiológicos e sociais do que significa ser pobre. Foi realizado um conjunto de dois estudos. Um deles dedicado ao pessoal docente, não docente e outros funcionários de escolas inseridas no "Programa Territórios Educativos de Intervenção Prioritária" (Programa TEIP), e o outro destinado aos pais de jovens em idade escolar das mesmas escolas do primeiro estudo. Foram criados dois questionários, um para cada estudo. Ambos os questionários incluíram dados quantitativos e qualitativos. Os resultados sugerem que as escolas portuguesas, em certa medida, estão conscientes dos recursos já existentes criados para combater a pobreza e oferecem alguns deles, mesmo que a sua qualidade não seja entendida como estando no nível desejado. Há uma sensação de que as escolas tentam e fazem esforços. Esses esforços são, contudo, vistos como insuficientes, o que não significa que os inquiridos considerem as escolas como sendo as partes responsáveis. Outras razões, como a falta de financiamento, podem ter um papel a desempenhar. Além disso, os inquiridos indicaram múltiplas sugestões que foram colocadas em nove diferentes secções. Estas sugestões servem como orientações para as escolas terem em conta e para considerarem de acordo com as suas necessidades específicas. Foram identificadas algumas limitações ao estudo. No entanto, acredita-se que este estudo foi capaz de dar novas perspetivas à literatura, nomeadamente a) fornecendo uma nova conceptualização da pobreza jovem, b) avaliando como as escolas portuguesas estão preparadas para erradicar a pobreza, e c) fornecendo sugestões concretas para as escolas considerarem ao tentarem erradicar a pobreza e fazer destas um lugar melhor para o bom desenvolvimento dos seus alunos

El nombre de nuestra lengua: ¿español o castellano?

Los nombres de las lenguas se consideran comunes desde la perspectiva de la nuestra, pero su carácter individualizador y designante dice que son nombres propios, aunque motivados. Para nuestra lengua coexisten dos nombres igualmente lícitos, “castellano” y “español”. ¿Cuál de los dos debe ser el oficial? Los argumentos inclinan claramente la balanza a favor de “español”

3D-Printed Model of the Ovine Stomach by Surface Scanning: Evaluation for Teaching Veterinary Anatomy

This study investigated the use of fused deposition modeling (FDM), three-dimensional (3D) printed models, of the ovine stomach to learn surface and topographical anatomy. The objectives were: i) to faithfully reproduce the external morphology, the normal volume and the correct positioning of the four compartments of the stomach ii) to facilitate students the spatial visualization of the organ with emphasis on the complex relationship stomach-greater omentum. The model was built based on surface scanning. To obtain the images the ovine stomach was scanned using a 3D surface scanner. Assessment of the model was performed through surveys to first-year veterinary students after the practical sessions in which, they studied and compared both real and 3D-printed specimens. Regarding morphology no significant differences were reported, students were equally able to identify the different structures and compartments on the 3D-printed model. Understanding of both spatial position and relationship of the stomach with neighboring anatomical structures was easier achieved with the 3D-printed model. Other advantages of the 3D-printed model were handle-resistance and ease of handling, availability and reduction of animal specimens. We propose that 3D-printed ovine stomach by surface scanning is a valuable simple model to support learning of surface and topographical anatomy.Sección Deptal. de Anatomía y Embriología (Veterinaria)Fac. de VeterinariaTRUEpu

Active noise hybrid time-varying control for motorcycle helmets

Recent noise at work regulations in the EU (2003) have been established to prevent noise induced hearing loss (NIHL). This imposes better performance results to traditional feedback active noise control (ANC) in motorcycle helmets, which suffer from well known limitations. Here two new ideas are applied to this problem. First, an hybrid (feedforward/feedback) linear time invariant (LTI) controller is designed for a motorcycle helmet ANC, which improves the resulting attenuation. This is achieved by adding an extra pair of microphones which measure the external noise that is then used as the feedforward input signal. In addition and to increase even more the resulting performance, the air velocity is measured in real-time and used as the parameter which schedules a linear parameter varying (LPV) feedback (FB) controller. This is combined with the previous feedforward (FF) controller, resulting in a time-varying hybrid controller. Both hybrid, LTI and LPV controllers are designed using linear matrix inequality (LMI)-based optimization. Two experiments have been carried out to measure the relation between external noise spectra and velocity: a wind tunnel test and a freeway ride experience. The resulting controllers are tested in a simulation which uses actual data obtained from the freeway experiment. The resulting attenuations in this motivating study seem promising for future controller tests to be performed in real-time, with the adequate hardware.Fil: Castañé Selga, Rosa. Universitat Technical Zu Munich; AlemaniaFil: Sanchez Peña, Ricardo Salvador. Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin