Distribución espacio-temporal de la comunidad de aves y sus factores de influencia en el distrito de Cajatambo 2015 - 2016

Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Ciencias. Departamento Académico de BiologíaEste estudio de caso, pretende reconocer ciertos procesos ecológicos que presentan las comunidades de aves, como sistema complejo adaptativo, en un agroecosistema de la vertiente centro-occidental de los Andes peruanos (distrito de Cajatambo, provincia de Cajatambo, Lima) con una variación altitudinal de 2700 hasta 4600 m.s.n.m. El objetivo es determinar los factores ambientales que definen los patrones de distribución espacio-temporal de la comunidad de aves del distrito entre los años 2015 – 2016, desde el enfoque de Sistemas Complejos Adaptativos. Los registros de aves fueron obtenidos mediante el método de transectos, siendo un total de 44 transectos distribuidos en siete diferentes formaciones vegetales. Los factores ambientales se obtuvieron mediante herramientas de SIG y paisaje, cobertura de estructura vegetal y percepción cognitiva del impacto humano, respectivamente. La determinación de la variación espacio-temporal de la comunidad de aves fue analizada a partir de la diversidad alfa y los atractores. La relación entre las variables comunitarias y los factores ambientales fue descrita con el Análisis de Correspondencia Canónica, previamente comprobados con estadística multivariada. Se reconoce una variación temporal entre temporadas lluviosas y secas, registrando una redundancia funcional de especies granívoras con comportamientos gregarios en las temporadas secas y la dominancia de Colibri coruscans en las temporadas lluviosas. Los matorrales y ciertas agriculturas son considerados “fuentes de diversidad” de aves y con diferentes atractores espacio-temporales debido a la complejidad del ambiente (Ley de Ashby). La temporada lluviosa homogeniza las áreas de agricultura y matorral en un mismo atractor favoreciendo en la formación de corredores biológicos. Por último, las relaciones de los factores ambientales con las comunidades de aves se agruparon en: a) factores antrópicos de manera directa e indirecta (atractor de agricultura-matorral), b) altas pendientes y baja intensidad de presencia humana (atractor pajonal-matorral), y c) grado de humedad del suelo (atractor humedal y pajonal-césped).This case of study aim to recognize some ecological process exhibited by bird communities, as an complex adaptive system, in an agroecosystem located in the central western slope of the Peruvian Andes (Cajamtambo District, Cajatambo province, Lima Region) with an altitude ranging from 2700 to 4600 masl. The goal is to determine environmental factors that defined spatial-temporal distribution patterns of the bird community occuring at the Cajatambo district, between 2015 – 2016, under a Complex Adaptive System approach. Birds were surveyed using the transect method, with a total of 44 transects from across seven vegetal formations. Environmental factors were recorded using GIS and landscape tools, plant coverage structure, and the cognitive perception of human impact, respectively. We analyzed spatial-temporal variation of the bird community under study through alpha diversity and attractors. Moreover, the relationship between community variables and environmental factors was described by using Canonical Correspondence Analysis, previously checked with multivariate statistics. We recognized a temporal variation between wet and dry seasons, exhibiting a functional redundancy of granivorous species with gregarious behavior during the dry seasons, and a dominance of Colibri coruscans during the wet season. Scrubs and agriculture fields are considered as “source of diversity” of bird communities with presence of different spatio-temporal attractors due to the complexity of the environment (Ashby’s Law). The wet season tends to homogenize agricultural fields and scrublands a same atractor, thus favoring the formation of biological corridors. Finally, the bird community under study was associated with different environmental factors such as a) the anthropic factor (agriculture-scrub attractor), b) the high slopes and low intensity of human presence (pajonal-scrub attractor), and c) the degree of soil moisture (wetland and bunch grass-short grass attractors).Tesi

The synovial and blood monocyte DNA methylomes mirror prognosis, evolution, and treatment in early arthritis

Identifying predictive biomarkers at early stages of inflammatory arthritis is crucial for starting appropriate therapies to avoid poor outcomes. Monocytes (MOs) and macrophages, largely associated with arthritis, are contributors and sensors of inflammation through epigenetic modifications. In this study, we investigated associations between clinical features and DNA methylation in blood and synovial fluid (SF) MOs in a prospective cohort of patients with early inflammatory arthritis. DNA methylation profiles of undifferentiated arthritis (UA) blood MOs exhibited marked alterations in comparison with those from healthy donors. We identified additional differences both in blood and SF MOs after comparing patients with UA grouped by their future outcomes, i.e., good versus poor. Patient profiles in subsequent visits revealed a reversion toward a healthy level in both groups, those requiring disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and those who remitted spontaneously. Changes in disease activity between visits also affected DNA methylation, which was partially concomitant in the SF of UA and in blood MOs of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Epigenetic similarities between arthritis types allow a common prediction of disease activity. Our results constitute a resource of DNA methylation-based biomarkers of poor prognosis, disease activity, and treatment efficacy for the personalized clinical management of early inflammatory arthritis.We thank CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya and the Josep Carreras Foundation for institutional support. The authors thank all the patients who graciously donated their time and samples to further arthritis research. We are also thankful to Núria Sapena, Marta Bassas, and Cristina González, nurses from the outpatient clinic of the Department of Rheumatology, for their help in the management of biologic samples. This research was funded by Fondo de Investigación en Salud (FIS) grant PI17/00993 from the Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII) (to JDC); by grants SAF2017-88086-R and PID2020-117212RB-I00 / AEI / 10.13038/501100011033) from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN) (to EB); and by the Thematic Networks for Cooperative Research (RETICS) grant provided by ISCII, Research Network for Inflammation and Rheumatic Diseases (RIER) RD16/0012/0013, cofinanced by the European Fund for Regional Development’s (FEDER) Una manera de hacer Europa program (to JDC and EB).Peer reviewe

Repeat cryoablation as a redo procedure for atrial fibrillation ablation: Is it a good choice?

Background: Ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF), both cryoablation ablation (CBA) and radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA), have demonstrated to be safe and effective. About 1 in 3 patients may face a redo due to recurrence and the best technique is unknown. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of CBA as a repeat procedure in patients with prior CBA or RFCA. Methods: A nation-wide CBA registry (RECABA) was analyzed and patients were compared who had previously undergone CBA (Prior-CB) or RFCA (Prior-RF). The primary endpoint was AF recurrence at 12 months after a 3-month blanking period. A survival analysis was performed, univariate and multivariate Cox models were also built. Results: Seventy-four patients were included. Thirty-three (44.6%) were in the Prior-CB group and 41 (55.4%) in the Prior-RF. There were more reconnected pulmonary veins in the Prior-RF than in Prior-CB group (40.4% vs.16.5%, p = 0.0001). The 12-month Kaplan–Meier estimate of freedom from AF recurrence after the blanking period was 61.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 41.4–75.8%) in the Prior-CB, and 89.2% (95% CI 73.6–95.9%) in the Prior-RF group (p = 0.002).  Multivariate Cox regression pointed Prior-CB as the sole independent predictor of AF recurrence, with an adjusted HR of 2.67 (95% CI 1.05–6.79). Conclusions: Repeat CBA shows higher rates of AF recurrences compared to CBA after a previous RFCA despite presenting less reconnected veins at the procedure. These data suggest that patients with AF recurrence after CBA may benefit from other ablation techniques after a recurrence. RECABA is registered at clinicaltrials.gov with the Unique Identifier NCT02785991

A deletion at Adamts9-magi1 Locus is associated with psoriatic arthritis risk

Objective: Copy number variants (CNVs) have been associated with the risk to develop multiple autoimmune diseases. Our objective was to identify CNVs associated with the risk to develop psoriatic arthritis (PsA) using a genome-wide analysis approach. Methods: A total of 835 patients with PsA and 1498 healthy controls were genotyped for CNVs using the Illumina HumanHap610 BeadChip genotyping platform. Genomic CNVs were characterised using CNstream analysis software and analysed for association using the χ2 test. The most significant genomic CNV associations with PsA risk were independently tested in a validation sample of 1133 patients with PsA and 1831 healthy controls. In order to test for the specificity of the variants with PsA aetiology, we also analysed the association to a cohort of 822 patients with purely cutaneous psoriasis (PsC). Results: A total of 165 common CNVs were identified in the genome-wide analysis. We found a highly significant association of an intergenic deletion between ADAMTS9 and MAGI1 genes on chromosome 3p14.1 (p=0.00014). Using the independent patient and control cohort, we validated the association between ADAMTS9-MAGI1 deletion and PsA risk (p=0.032). Using next-generation sequencing, we characterised the 26 kb associated deletion. Finally, analysing the PsC cohort we found a lower frequency of the deletion compared with the PsA cohort (p=0.0088) and a similar frequency to that of healthy controls (p>0.3). Conclusions: The present genome-wide scan for CNVs associated with PsA risk has identified a new deletion associated with disease risk and which is also differential from PsC risk

Etnohistorias de América Latina y el Caribe

Este es un trabajo colectivo, a partir de una convocatoria abierta, que dio como resultado el libro titulado: Perfiles etnohistóricos en América Latina y el Caribe, que contiene artículos que presentan resultados de investigaciones, reflexiones críticas, teóricas, metodológicas y técnicas de investigación utilizadas en los estudios etnohistóricos del área. El interés de la obra fue generar el debate sobre la articulación de los contextos locales a los procesos de la globalización y sus nexos históricos, políticos, sociales y culturales con América Latina y el Caribe. Es por lo que, en su mayoría, los textos trascienden las barreras geográficas y geopolíticas, y van más allá de los nacionalismos, regionalismos o de las áreas geográficas comúnmente trazadas por las fronteras del Estado nación. Los escritos permiten entender las diversas dinámicas sociales e interrelaciones históricas y geográficas del continente, con el entramado de nexos globales que inciden en la construcción de formas, fronteras e imaginarios particulares de ver, conocer y dominar al “otro” y lo “otro”. El libro está dividido en dos grandes secciones, una Etnohistorias de América Latina, siglos XVI-XX, y la otra Historia, derecho, género y políticas en América Latina, siglos XX y XXI. La primera sección inicia con el artículo denominado, Los Izalcos: Un altépetl complejo registrado por los tlaxcaltecas en 1524, de Hugo Díaz Chávez, Julio César Alvarado Hernández y David Calogero Messana Villafranco. Este artículo aporta a la comprensión de la distribución geográfica de los pueblos nahuas antes de la invasión y ocupación europea, así como, su impronta en las divisiones administrativas actuales

Ultralight vector dark matter search using data from the KAGRA O3GK run

Among the various candidates for dark matter (DM), ultralight vector DM can be probed by laser interferometric gravitational wave detectors through the measurement of oscillating length changes in the arm cavities. In this context, KAGRA has a unique feature due to differing compositions of its mirrors, enhancing the signal of vector DM in the length change in the auxiliary channels. Here we present the result of a search for U(1)B−L gauge boson DM using the KAGRA data from auxiliary length channels during the first joint observation run together with GEO600. By applying our search pipeline, which takes into account the stochastic nature of ultralight DM, upper bounds on the coupling strength between the U(1)B−L gauge boson and ordinary matter are obtained for a range of DM masses. While our constraints are less stringent than those derived from previous experiments, this study demonstrates the applicability of our method to the lower-mass vector DM search, which is made difficult in this measurement by the short observation time compared to the auto-correlation time scale of DM

Informática y Ciencias Sociales

Proyecto de educación desarrollado por doce profesores en el CP 'Barranco de Balos'. Los objetivos fueron: dotar al profesorado de un recurso innovador en el proceso de aprendizaje, conocer las aplicaciones informáticas que el mercado ofrece sobre las Ciencias Sociales, diseñar aplicaciones basándose en programas tales como Story-Board, Linkway, etc., especialmente en el ámbito de la historia, por su escasa e inadecuada oferta comercial, elaborar guías de uso de determinados programas, elaborar unidades didácticas en las que se introduzca el trabajo informático como un recurso más en el proceso de aprendizaje, intercambiar conocimientos y experiencias con otros grupos o seminarios en el ámbito de las Ciencias Sociales y, recabar de la Administración la realización de cursillos de Nuevas Tecnologías. El trabajo dentro del grupo se desarrolló tanto en gran grupo como en pequeño grupo y se ajustó a las siguientes fases: estudio de los programas informáticos disponibles, y, desarrollo de aplicaciones informáticas sobre los temas: 'Origen y Volcanismo de Canarias', 'El Clima de Canarias' y 'Conquista y Colonización de Canarias', los cuales no se concluyeron dados los problemas técnios surgidos. Los resultados de la experiencia fueron positivos en los siguientes aspectos: la labor de perfeccionamiento informático desarrollada entre los miembros del grupo, la dotación de recursos y la preparación de las aplicaciones, así como el esfuerzo realizado por los componentes del grupo, su buena disposición al trabajo y, el clima de cordialidad en el que se desarrolló el trabajo. Entre los aspectos negativos destacan: los ordenadores obsoletos de que se dispone en algunos centros y, la necesidad de que los cursillos se convoquen en el primer trimestre para poder aplicar los conocimientos obtenidos en ellos durante el segundo y tercer trimestre.Dirección General de Ordenación e Innovación EducativaCanariasES