Chirality and the origin of atmospheric humic-like substances

Aerosol water extracts and atmospheric humic-like substances (HULIS) obtained from PM2.5-fraction aerosol samples collected in a rural/continental background environment and in an urban environment in spring and summer, and at a tropical site that was heavily impacted by biomass burning were studied. HULIS was obtained as the water-soluble, methanol-elutable material isolated from a solid-phase extraction procedure. The mean organic matter-to-organic carbon mass conversion factor and the standard deviation of 2.04 +/- 0.06 were derived for HULIS from biomass burning. Mean atmospheric concentrations of HULIS for the rural and urban environments and for the biomass burning during daylight periods and nights, were 1.65, 2.2, 43, and 60 mu gm(-3), respectively. This and other abundances indicate that intense emission sources and/or formation mechanisms of HULIS operate in biomass burning. Mean contributions of C in HULIS (HULIS-C) to water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) were 35, 48, 63, and 76%, respectively, for the sample set listed. HULIS-C is the major component of the WSOC in tropical biomass burning. The data also suggest that HULIS most likely do not share common origin in the three environments studied. Differentiation among the possible formation processes was attempted by investigating the optical activity of HULIS through their (electronic and vibrational) circular dichroism properties. The urban HULIS did not show optical activity, which is in line with the concept of their major airborne formation from anthropogenic aromatics. The rural HULIS revealed weak optical activity, which may be associated with one of their important formation pathways by photo-oxidation and oligomerisation, i.e., with the formation from chiral biogenic precursors with one of the enantiomers slightly enriched. The The biomass burning of HULIS exhibited a strong effect in the vibrational circular dichroism as a clear distinction from the other two types. This was related to the contribution of the thermal degradation products of lignins and cellulose. The biomass burning of HULIS resemble Suwannee River Fulvic Acid standard more closely in some aspects than the urban and rural types of HULIS, which may be related to their common origin from plant material

Seni Ukir Tradisional Sebagai Sumber Inspirasi Penciptaan Batik Khas Baturaja

At this time Baturaja City, of Ogan Komering Ulu, of South Sumatra does not have the local typical motif of batik. It is therefore necessary to create a local distinctive motif designed by the source of excavated area inspiration of the wood carving as it is the wealth of the traditional of the local art. The purpose of the creation of this art is to generate a unique, creative and innovative motif that has characteristics as Baturaja. The method used are the data collection, deep insight of carved motifs, assessment of the inspiration sources, making it into the design motifs, and emboding them into batik. From the creation of this art works has give 5 (five) motifs those are Bungo Nan Indah, Embun Nan Sejuk, Air Nan Segar, Kotak Nan Rancak, and Ceplok Nan Elok

Spatial extension of nucleating air masses in the Carpathian Basin

Particle number size distributions were measured by differential mobility particle sizer in the diameter range of 6-1000 nm in the near-city background and city centre of Budapest continuously for two years. The city is situated in the middle part of the Carpathian Basin, which is a topographically discrete unit in the southeastern part of central Europe. Yearly mean nucleation frequencies and uncertainties for the near-city background and city centre were (28 + 6/g 4) % and (27 + 9/g 4) %, respectively. The total numbers of days with continuous and uninterrupted growth process were 43 and 31, respectively. These events and their properties were utilised to investigate the spatial scale of the nucleation in the basin, and whether there are any specific trajectories for the nucleating air masses. Local wind speed and direction data indicated that there seem to be differences between the nucleation and growth intervals and non-nucleation days. For further analysis, backward trajectories were generated by a simple air parcel trajectory model. Start and end time parameters of the nucleation and an end time parameter of the particle growth were derived by a standardised procedure based on examining the channel contents of the contour plots. These parameters were used to specify a segment on each backward trajectory that is associated with the nucleating air mass. The results indicated that regional nucleation happened in the continental boundary layer mostly in the Carpathian Basin but that the most distant trajectories originated outside of the basin. The nucleating air masses were predominantly associated with NW and SE geographical sectors, and some of them were also related to larger forested territories. The results also emphasised indirectly that the regional new particle formation and growth phenomena observable at the fixed location often expand to the bulk of the Carpathian Basin. © 2014 Author(s)

Ukiran Kerawang Aceh Gayo Sebagai Inspirasi Penciptaan Motif Batik Khas Gayo

Batik industry began to develop in Gayo, but have not had a typical batik motif itself. Therefore, it is necessary to create batik motifs of Gayo, by taking inspiration from the carvings found in traditional houses commonly called kerawang Gayo. The purpose of this art is to create motifs those have a Gayo characteristic. The method used are the idea exploration, design, and motifs embodiment. In this activity has created six Gayo batik motifs, namely: (1) Motif Ceplok Gayo; (2) Motif Gayo Tegak; (3) Motif GayoLurus; (4) Motif Parang Gayo; (5) Motif Gayo Lembut; dan (6) Motif Geometris Gayo. The test results fondness of the motives to fifty respondents indicated that the Motif Ceplok Gayo most preferred by respondents ie 19%, while Motif Parang Gayo 18%, Motif Gayo Lembut 17%, Motif Geometris Gayo 17%, Motif Gayo Lurus 15% and Motif Gayo Tegak 14%. Average motifs generated to get a good appreciation of the respondents, so they all can be produced as batik Gayo

Analisis Risiko Berdasarkan Proses ISO 31000:2018 dengan Metode Healthcare Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (HFMEA) pada Instalasi Gawat Darurat (IGD) Rumah Sakit X

Terdapat peraturan mengenai pengelolaan risiko rumah sakit di Indonesia yaitu Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia No.66 Tahun 2016 yang mengharuskan rumah sakit memiliki pengelolaan risiko untuk menjamin keselamatan pasien, pegawai, dan lingkungan rumah sakit termasuk Instalasi Gawat Darurat (IGD). IGD adalah suatu bagian penting di Rumah Sakit X karena perannya sebagai pintu masuk pasien darurat sering dijadikan kunci pelayanan dari rumah sakit. Hal tersebut menjadikan IGD Rumah Sakit X membutuhkan pengelolaan risiko komprehensif yang belum dimiliki saat ini untuk mengurangi terjadinya risiko di masa mendatang dan terus meningkatkan mutu pelayanannya. Pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan pengelolaan risiko hingga pembuatan dashboard profil risiko, dimulai dari pengidentifikasian risiko berdasarkan aktivitas proses bisnis IGD dan menggunakan model Software Hardware Environment Liveware (SHELL), evaluasi risiko dengan metode Healthcare Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (HFMEA) untuk penilaian, pemetaan, penentuan prioritas, dan rekomendasi tindakan mitigasi risiko. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, didapatkan 66 risiko yang berasal dari 7 proses dan 28 sub proses. Berdasarkan 66 risiko, akan dilakukan penilaian dengan Healthcare Failure Mode and Analysis dan didapatkan 11 risiko prioritas yang perlu ditangani terlebih dahulu. Terdapat 23 rencana mitigasi yang terdiri dari 15 tipe mitigasi control, 7 tipe mitigasi menghindari, dan 1 tipe mitigasi menerima. Pada penelitian ini, terdapat perancangan dashboard profil risiko dengan Power BI untuk memudahkan pemantauan risiko oleh manajemen rumah sakit di masa yang akan datang

Pengembangan Motif Batik Khas Aceh Gayo

Industri batik mulai berkembang di daerah Aceh Gayo, namun motif-motif batiknya kurang mencerminkanidentitas khas daerah. Oleh karena itu perlu diciptakan desain motif batik khas Aceh Gayo yang sumberinspirasinya diambil dari seni budaya daerah setempat. Tujuan penelitian dan penciptaan seni ini adalah untukmenciptakan motif batik yang mempunyai bentuk unik dan karakteristik sehingga dapat mencerminkan kekhasandaerah Aceh Gayo. Metode yang digunakan yaitu eksplorasi, perancangan, dan perwujudan karya motif batik,serta uji estetikanya. Dari penciptaan seni ini berhasil diciptakan 6 motif batik yaitu: (1) Motif Ceplok Gayo; (2)Motif Kerawang Tegak; (3) Motif Kerawang Datar; (4) Motif Parang Gayo; (5) Motif Kerawang Lembut; dan (6)Motif Geometris Gayo. Berdasarkan hasil penilaian “Selera Estetika” diketahui bahwa motif yang paling banyakdisukai adalah Motif Ceplok Gayo dan Motif Parang