Los estados adultos de Nanomis y Spiritiops (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae)

The adult stages of Nanomis Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty and Spiritiops Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty are described for the first time based on reared material from Argentina and Brazil, respectively. They can be differentiated from the other adults of Baetidae by the following characters: Nanomis, hind wings with three longitudinal veins, second vein bifurcate; costal projection of the hind wings pointed, placed in the basal third of anterior margin; and forceps three-segmented, third segment rounded. Spiritiops, fore wings with paired and long marginal intercalary veins; hind wings with three complete longitudinal veins, and an incomplete small longitudinal vein; costal projection of hind wings pointed, broad at base and placed in the basal third of anterior margin; forceps three-segmented, second segment constricted and third segment elongate and narrowed.Los estados adultos de Nanomis Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty y Spiritiops Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty se describen por primera vez sobre la base de material criado de Argentina y Brasil respectivamente. Se distinguen de los restantes adultos de Baetidae por la siguiente combinación de caracteres: Nanomis, alas posteriores con tres venas longitudinales, la segunda bifurcada; proyección costal de las alas posteriores aguda, ubicada basalmente en el margen anterior del ala; fórceps trisegmentados, tercer segmento redondeado. Spiritiops, alas anteriores con venas marginales intercalares pares; alas posteriores con 3 venas longitudinales completas y una vena longitudinal corta e incompleta; proyección costal de las alas posteriores aguda apicalmente y con base ancha, ubicada en el tercio basal del margen anterior; fórceps trisegmentados, segundo segmento con una constricción y tercer segmento alargado y angosto.Fil: Salles, Frederico Falcão. Universidade Federal do Espírito Espírito Santo; BrasilFil: Nieto Peñalver, María Carolina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo. Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical. Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical; Argentin

Baetidae (Insecta, Ephemeroptera) ocorrentes em Roraima, Brasil: novos registros e chaves para gêneros e espécies no estágio ninfal

Baetidae (Insecta, Ephemeroptera) ocorrentes em Roraima, Brasil: novos registros e chaves para gêneros e espécies no estágio ninfal. Roraima é um dos estados de menor conhecimento acerca da família Baetidae no Brasil, com apenas quatro espécies formalmente registradas. Através de coletas realizadas principalmente nas regiões nordeste e sudeste de Roraima, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo ampliar o conhecimento a respeito da família no estado. Foram encontradas 32 espécies, sendo dessas, 14 novas ocorrências para a Região Norte e quatro novos registros para o Brasil (Camelobaetidius ortizi Dominique & Thomas, 2002, Cloeodes barituensis Nieto & Richard, 2008, Paracloeodes pacawara Nieto & Salles, 2006 e Waltzoyphius roberti Thomas & Peru, 2002). Exceto pelos gêneros Moribaetis Waltz & McCafferty, 1985, Tomedontus Lugo- Ortiz & McCafferty, 1995, Tupiara Salles Lugo-Ortiz, Da-Silva & Francischetti, 2003 e Varipes Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty, 1998, todos os gêneros registrados para o Brasil foram encontrados. Um gênero e uma espécie de Cryptonympha encontrados são novos para a Ciência.Baetidae (Insecta, Ephemeroptera) from Roraima, Brazil: new records and a key to genera and species at nymphal stage. Roraima is one of the Brazilian states where least is known regarding the family Baetidae; to date only four species have been recorded from the state. The aim of the present study is to improve knowledge of the family in Roraima based on collections that are mainly from northeastern and southeastern portions of the state. Thirty-two species were found; of this total, 14 are new records for the entire Northern Region of Brazil, and four species are new for the country (Camelobaetidius ortizi Dominique & Thomas, 2002, Cloeodes barituensis Nieto & Richard, 2008, Paracloeodes pacawara Nieto & Salles, 2006 and Waltzoyphius roberti Thomas & Peru, 2002). Except for Moribaetis Waltz & McCafferty, 1985, Tomedontus Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty, 1995, Tupiara Salles, Lugo-Ortiz, Da-Silva & Francischetti, 2003 and Varipes Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty, 1998, all of the remaining genera that had been recorded from Brazil were found. One genus and one Cryptonympha species were found to be new to science

Novo Gênero e Espécie de Baetidae (Insecta, Ephemeroptera) do Brasil

Tupiara gen.nov. (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) is described from one species, Tupiara ibirapitanga sp.nov., based on nymphs and the male adult. The nymphs can be distinguished by the following combination of characteristics: relatively narrow mandibles with partially fused incisors; left mandible with external incisor provided with multiple denticles apically and on inner margin, and with an obtuse angle between incisors and anterior margin; right prostheca basally bifurcated; rectangular, apically rounded paraglossa; second segment of labial palps distomedially pronounced and rounded; dorsal margin of femora conspicuously sclerotized; tarsal claws with two rows of denticles; and terga without scales or scale bases. Adults can be diferentiated by having the turbinate portion of the compound eyes elliptical and relatively narrow; hindwings with acute process on basal one-third and two unbranched longitudinal veins; and an internally curved, narrow-elongate third segment of the genital forceps. The possible relationship between Tupiara gen.nov. and Andesiops, as well as the differences between the two genera, are discussed. Representatives of Tupiara ibirapitanga sp.nov. were mainly collected from well-preserved areas and at relatively high elevations in the states of Amazonas, Minas Gerais, and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Aspects of the emergence of nymphs of the species are related.Tupiara gen.nov. (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) é descrito a partir de uma única espécie, Tupiara ibirapitanga sp.nov., baseado em ninfas e no macho adulto. As ninfas podem ser distinguidas por apresentarem a seguinte combinação de caracteres: mandíbulas relativamente estreitas e com incisivos parcialmente fusionados; mandíbula esquerda com incisivo externo provido de múltiplos dentículos apicais e na margem interna, e com ângulo entre incisivos e margem anterior obtuso; prosteca direita basalmente bifurcada; paraglossa retangular, de ápice arredondado; segundo artículo do palpo labial distomedianamente pronunciado e arredondado; margem dorsal do fêmur conspicuamente esclerosada; garras com duas fileiras de dentículos; e tergitos sem escamas ou bases de escamas. O macho adulto pode ser diferenciado por ter a porção turbinada dos olhos compostos elíptica e relativamente estreita; asas posteriores com um processo agudo no terço basal e duas nervuras longitudinais não ramificadas; e o terceiro artículo do fórceps genital estreito, alongado e recurvado internamente. A possível relação de Tupiara gen.nov. com Andesiops, assim como as diferenças entre ambos os gêneros, são discutidas. Representantes de Tupiara ibirapitanga sp.nov. foram coletados principalmente em áreas bem preservadas e em altitudes relativamente elevadas nos estados de Amazonas, Minas Gerais e Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Aspectos da emergência das ninfas da espécie são relatados

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost