A praxeological model of reference related to costs calculation: comparison with the ones developed in a research and study path at university level

This work fits within a wider research whose general objective is teaching mathematics to non-mathematicians at the university, taking central assumptions of the Anthropological Theory of the Didactic (ATD). This work proposes a praxeological model of reference related to a micro-entrepreneurship costs calculation in comparison with the effectively developed model. The generative question How to calculate micro-entrepreneurship costs? links mathematical and economic praxeologies. This model allows to go through a part of the study programme of a university calculus course.Fil: Salgado, Diana Patricia. Universidad Nacional del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Otero, Maria Rita. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Núcleo de Investigación en Educacion Ciencia y Tecnologia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Parra, Verónica Ester. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Núcleo de Investigación en Educacion Ciencia y Tecnologia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil; Argentin

Research based Teaching in a mathematic course at university level: The fundamental didactic gestures

Este trabajo presenta resultados de dos implementaciones de un recorrido de estudio e investigación (REI) que parten de una pregunta referida a la matemática y a la economía. Principalmente, se consideran los gestos didácticos característicos de un REI, llamados dialécticas. Las dialécticas se describen cualitativamente y luego se utilizan técnicas estadísticas bivariadas para establecer posibles asociaciones entre ellas. Los gestos didácticos llamados de la lectura y de la escritura son los que más se asocian a los denominados del estudio e investigación y entrar-salir de la matemática hacia la economía y viceversa, así como a establecer qué saberes estudiar y cuánto, para responder las preguntas que surgen durante el recorrido.In this paper, we present some results of two study and research path (SRP ) implementations which begin with a question related to mathematics and economy. We consider primarily the characteristic didactic gestures of an SRP, called dialectics. They are described qualitatively and then bivariate statistical technics are used to establish possible associations between them. The socalled didactic gestures of reading and writing are the ones most associated with those of the study and research and to go into out the mathematics and the economy, and also to establish which knowledgeto study and how, in order to answer the derived questions in the SRP.Fil: Salgado, Diana Patricia. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Matemática; ArgentinaFil: Otero, Maria Rita. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Núcleo de Investigación en Educacion Ciencia y Tecnologia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil; Argentin

Nuevas tendencias del merchandising, aplicación paseo virtual del Centro Comercial Bruji Shoping (Chambo).

El principal objetivo del desarrollo de este proyecto de tesis es investigar las nuevas tendencias del merchandisig para aplicarlas en un paseo comercial del centro comercial Bruji Shoping del canton Chambo. Para lo cual se ha utilizado metodologias investigativas mediante las cuales se han establecido varias tecnicas y tendencias del merchandising, las mismas que ayudarán para el mejor desarrollo e implantación de tiendas especializadas en centros comerciales. Ya que se debe establecer un analisis previo, el mismo que debe estar basado en caracteristicas demograficas, psicograficas y un analisis minusioso del estudio de mercado, ya que el 67% de las decisiones de compra se toman en las tiendas, frente a las mercancías. De ahí la importancia que hoy damos al Merchandising, pues entre miles de nuevos productos que se lanza al mercado cada año, los resultados de los productos dependen de lo que hagamos en las tiendas y centros comerciales en las que los aplicamos, para lo que se realizaron cartillas informativas las cuales han sido el preambulo para dar a conocer cada una de las tiendas existentes en el Centro Comercial Bruji Shoping del Cantón Chambo, las mismas que se muestran en la elaboración del paseo virtual, realizado en 3D Studio Max y asi con la difusión del mismo dar a conocer, y aumentar la afluencia al dicho centro comercial. Se concluye, que el desarrollo investigativo de las nuevas tendencias del merchandising aplicadas en un paseo virtual tendrá como principal finalidad aumentar la afluencia a dicho centro comercial y por ende las ventas en cada uno de los locales comerciales será mayor. Se recomienda realizar un estudio minusioso de nuevas propuestas del merchandising, las mismas que día a día van siendo cada vez más representativas, con la única finalidad de no estancarse en diseños monótonos y comunes sino ir cambiando de acuerdo al tiempo y así tener una idea que permita a los comerciantes adelantarse a las necesidades, gustos y fluctuaciones de mercado.The main development objective of this thesis is to investigate emerging trends merchandisig to apply them in a shopping mall shopping center of the canton Bruji Shoping Chambo. For which it has used research methodologies by which various techniques have been established and merchandising trends, that will help them to develop and implement the best specialty stores in malls. Since it must establish a preliminary analysis, it must be based on demographic, psychographic and Minusio analysis of market research, and that 67% of purchasing decisions are made in stores, compared to goods. Hence the importance that we now take the Merchandising, as thousands of new products launches each year, the results of the products depend on what we do in stores and shopping centers in which we apply to what made information booklets which have been the preamble to present each of the shops in the Mall Bruji Shoping of the Canton Chambo,the same as those shown in developing the virtual tour, made in 3D Studio Max and so the dissemination of the report on, and increase the inflow into the mall. One concludes that the development of research of new trends in merchandising applied in a virtual tour will have as main purpose to increase the flow into the mall and therefore sales in each of the shops will be higher. Conducting a study of new proposals minusio merchandising, the same as every day will become increasingly representative for the sole purpose of not stuck in monotonous and common design but be changing according to time and get a good idea allows traders to anticipate the needs, tastes and market fluctuations

Efecto del proceso de malteado en la calidad y estabilidad de una bebida de quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) y mango (Mangifera indica)

La quinua es un grano andino con alto valor nutricional, que puede ser incorporado con otros productos alimentarios como frutas, las cuales pueden aportar otros nutrientes que permiten obtener nuevos productos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto del proceso de malteado de la quinua en la elaboración y estabilidad de una bebida a base de quinua y mango. El proyecto se realizó en dos fases, en la primera se evalúo la relación quinua:mango 28,5:71,5, 37,1:62,9, 42,8:57,2, respectivamente, con dos tipos de quinua: malteada y sin maltear; en el pH, % de acidez, °Brix, color, % proteína y análisis sensorial; y en la segunda, se evalúo la estabilidad de la mejor bebida obtenida en la fase 1 durante 20 días a 4 °C. Los resultados obtenidos en la fase 1 demuestran que el malteado favorece la calidad sensorial de la bebida, principalmente en sabor y color, y que la relación quinua:mango 42,8:57,2 fue la que presentó menores cambios en las variables medidas, para la fase 2, la bebida seleccionada se mantiene estable durante los 20 días almacenamiento. Por tanto, se evidencia el potencial de incorporar quinua en la elaboración de bebidas, ofreciendo una alternativa para incrementar su consumo, apoyando de esta manera a los productores de quinua

Ser joven con VIH es tener mayor riesgo a la no adherencia al TAR en Chihuahua, México

Introduction. Mortality due to HIV/AIDS in Mexico is 3.62 per 100,000 inhabitants. Most research on ART adherence in the Mexican population has considered only people with HIV/AIDS living in Mexico City. Due to the different social characteristics (e.g. conservatism) in other states of the Mexican Republic, it is to be expected that there are different factors related to ART adherence. Objective. To analyze the association of individual characteristics, health care institutions, and antiretroviral treatment with adherence in people with HIV residing in Chihuahua. Results. The sample population (n=211) had a mean age of 37.6 years (±10.3 SD), with a minimum of 18 years and a maximum of 67 years. The first multivariate analysis showed that the younger the age, the greater the risk of nonadherence. The second multivariate analysis showed the same pattern according to the age of the participants; in addition, those who noted increased body fat had a higher risk of nonadherence to ART. Conclusion. Health professionals treating people living with HIV should pay special attention to young people and those with increased body fat to reduce the risk of low adherence. Key words: Adherence, ART, HIVIntroducción. La mortalidad por VIH/SIDA en México es de 3.62 por cada 100,000 habitantes. La mayoría de las investigaciones sobre la adherencia al TARV en la población mexicana ha considerado únicamente a las personas con VIH/SIDA que viven en la Ciudad de México. Debido a las diferentes características sociales (por ejemplo, conservadurismo) en otros estados de la República Mexicana, es de esperar que existan diferentes factores relacionados con la adherencia al TARV. Objetivo. Analizar la asociación de características individuales, instituciones de salud y tratamiento antirretroviral con la adherencia en personas con VIH residentes en Chihuahua. Resultados. La población de la muestra (n=211) tenía una edad media de 37,6 años (±10,3 DE), con un mínimo de 18 años y un máximo de 67 años. El primer análisis multivariado mostró que a menor edad, mayor riesgo de incumplimiento. El segundo análisis multivariado mostró el mismo patrón según la edad de los participantes; además, aquellos que notaron un aumento de la grasa corporal tenían un mayor riesgo de incumplimiento del TAR. Conclusión. Los profesionales de la salud que tratan a personas que viven con el VIH deben prestar especial atención a los jóvenes y aquellos con aumento de grasa corporal para reducir el riesgo de baja adherencia. Palabras clave: Adherencia, TARV, VI

Genotype-phenotype features of germline variants of the TMEM127 pheochromocytoma susceptibility gene: A 10-year update

Purpose: This work aimed to evaluate genotype-phenotype associations in individuals carrying germline variants of transmembrane protein 127 gene (TMEM127), a poorly known gene that confers susceptibility to pheochromocytoma (PHEO) and paraganglioma (PGL). Design: Data were collected from a registry of probands with TMEM127 variants, published reports, and public databases. Main Outcome Analysis: Clinical, genetic, and functional associations were determined. Results: The cohort comprised 110 index patients (111 variants) with a mean age of 45 years (range, 21-84 years). Females were predominant (76 vs 34, P <. 001). Most patients had PHEO (n = 94; 85.5%), although PGL (n = 10; 9%) and renal cell carcinoma (RCC, n = 6; 5.4%) were also detected, either alone or in combination with PHEO. One-third of the cases had multiple tumors, and known family history was reported in 15.4%. Metastatic PHEO/PGL was rare (2.8%). Epinephrine alone, or combined with norepinephrine, accounted for 82% of the catecholamine profiles of PHEO/PGLs. Most variants (n = 63) occurred only once and 13 were recurrent (2-12 times). Although nontruncating variants were less frequent than truncating changes overall, they were predominant in non-PHEO clinical presentations (36% PHEO-only vs 69% other, P <. 001) and clustered disproportionately within transmembrane regions (P <. 01), underscoring the relevance of these domains for TMEM127 function. Integration of clinical and previous experimental data supported classification of variants into 4 groups based on mutation type, localization, and predicted disruption. Conclusions: Patients with TMEM127 variants often resemble sporadic nonmetastatic PHEOs. PGL and RCC may also co-occur, although their causal link requires further evaluation. We propose a new classification to predict variant pathogenicity and assist with carrier surveillance.Fil: Armaiz Pena, Gustavo. University Of Texas Health Science Center At San Antonio;; Estados UnidosFil: Flores, Shahida K.. No especifíca;Fil: Cheng, Zi Ming. No especifíca;Fil: Zhang, Xhingyu. No especifíca;Fil: Esquivel, Emmanuel. No especifíca;Fil: Poullard, Natalie. No especifíca;Fil: Vaidyanathan, Anusha. No especifíca;Fil: Liu, Qianqian. No especifíca;Fil: Michalek, Joel. No especifíca;Fil: Santillan Gomez, Alfredo A.. No especifíca;Fil: Liss, Michael. No especifíca;Fil: Ahmadi, Sara. No especifíca;Fil: Katselnik, Daniel. No especifíca;Fil: Maldonado, Enrique. No especifíca;Fil: Salgado, Sarimar Agosto. No especifíca;Fil: Jimenez, Camilo. No especifíca;Fil: Fishbein, Lauren. No especifíca;Fil: Hamidi, Oksana. No especifíca;Fil: Else, Tobias. No especifíca;Fil: Lechan, Ron. Tufts Medical Center; Estados UnidosFil: Tischler, Art S.. Tufts Medical Center; Estados UnidosFil: Benn, Diana E.. No especifíca;Fil: Dwight, Trisha. University of Technology Sydney; AustraliaFil: Clifton Bligh, Rory. University of Technology Sydney; AustraliaFil: Sanso, Elsa Gabriela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergada". Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergada". Fundación de Endocrinología Infantil. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergada"; Argentina. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez"; ArgentinaFil: Barontini, Marta Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergada". Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergada". Fundación de Endocrinología Infantil. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergada"; Argentina. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez"; ArgentinaFil: Vincent, Deepa. Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Estados UnidosFil: Aronin, Neil. Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Estados UnidosFil: Biondi, Bernadette. University of Naples Federico II; ItaliaFil: Koops, Maureen. University of Texas Health San Antonio; Estados UnidosFil: Bowhay Carnes, Elizabeth. No especifíca;Fil: Gimenez Roqueplo, Anne Paule. No especifíca;Fil: Alvarez Eslava, Andrea. No especifíca;Fil: Bruder, Jan M.. No especifíca;Fil: Kitano, Mio. No especifíca;Fil: Burnichon, Nelly. No especifíca;Fil: Ding, Yanli. No especifíca;Fil: Dahia, Patricia L. M.. No especifíca

Performance of standardised colposcopy to detect cervical precancer and cancer for triage of women testing positive for human papillomavirus : results from the ESTAMPA multicentric screening study

Correspondence to: Dr Joan Valls, Early Detection, Prevention and Infections Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon 69366, France. [email protected]. Colposcopy, currently included in WHO recommendations as an option to triage human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive women, remains as the reference standard to guide both biopsy for confirmation of cervical precancer and cancer and treatment approaches. We aim to evaluate the performance of colposcopy to detect cervical precancer and cancer for triage in HPV-positive women. Methods. This cross-sectional, multicentric screening study was conducted at 12 centres (including primary and secondary care centres, hospitals, laboratories, and universities) in Latin America (Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Honduras, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay). Eligible women were aged 30–64 years, sexually active, did not have a history of cervical cancer or treatment for cervical precancer or a hysterectomy, and were not planning to move outside of the study area. Women were screened with HPV DNA testing and cytology. HPV-positive women were referred to colposcopy using a standardised protocol, including biopsy collection of observed lesions, endocervical sampling for transformation zone (TZ) type 3, and treatment as needed. Women with initial normal colposcopy or no high-grade cervical lesions on histology (less than cervical intraepithelial neoplasia [CIN] grade 2) were recalled after 18 months for another HPV test to complete disease ascertainment; HPV-positive women were referred for a second colposcopy with biopsy and treatment as needed. Diagnostic accuracy of colposcopy was assessed by considering a positive test result when the colposcopic impression at the initial colposcopy was positive minor, positive major, or suspected cancer, and was considered negative otherwise. The main study outcome was histologically confirmed CIN3+ (defined as grade 3 or worse) detected at the initial visit or 18-month visit. Findings. Between Dec 12, 2012, and Dec 3, 2021, 42 502 women were recruited, and 5985 (14·1%) tested positive for HPV. 4499 participants with complete disease ascertainment and follow-up were included in the analysis, with a median age of 40·6 years (IQR 34·7–49·9). CIN3+ was detected in 669 (14·9%) of 4499 women at the initial visit or 18-month visit (3530 [78·5%] negative or CIN1, 300 [6·7%] CIN2, 616 [13·7%] CIN3, and 53 [1·2%] cancers). Sensitivity was 91·2% (95% CI 88·9–93·2) for CIN3+, whereas specificity was 50·1% (48·5–51·8) for less than CIN2 and 47·1% (45·5–48·7) for less than CIN3. Sensitivity for CIN3+ significantly decreased in older women (93·5% [95% CI 91·3–95·3] in those aged 30–49 years vs 77·6% [68·6–85·0] in those aged 50–65 years; p<0·0001), whereas specificity for less than CIN2 significantly increased (45·7% [43·8–47·6] vs 61·8% [58·7–64·8]; p<0·0001). Sensitivity for CIN3+ was also significantly lower in women with negative cytology than in those with abnormal cytology (p<0·0001). Interpretation. Colposcopy is accurate for CIN3+ detection in HPV-positive women. These results reflect ESTAMPA efforts in an 18-month follow-up strategy to maximise disease detection with an internationally validated clinical management protocol and regular training, including quality improvement practices. We showed that colposcopy can be optimised with proper standardisation to be used as triage in HPV-positive women.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y TecnologíaPrograma Paraguayo para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y Tecnología. Proyectos de investigación y desarrollo14-INV-036PINV18-25

Tocilizumab in refractory Caucasian Takayasu's arteritis: a multicenter study of 54 patients and literature review

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of tocilizumab (TCZ) in Caucasian patients with refractory Takayasu's arteritis (TAK) in clinical practice. Methods: A multicenter study of Caucasian patients with refractory TAK who received TCZ. The outcome variables were remission, glucocorticoid-sparing effect, improvement in imaging techniques, and adverse events. A comparative study between patients who received TCZ as monotherapy (TCZMONO) and combined with conventional disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (cDMARDs) (TCZCOMBO) was performed. Results: The study comprised 54 patients (46 women/8 men) with a median [interquartile range (IQR)] age of 42.0 (32.5-50.5) years. TCZ was started after a median (IQR) of 12.0 (3.0-31.5) months since TAK diagnosis. Remission was achieved in 12/54 (22.2%), 19/49 (38.8%), 23/44 (52.3%), and 27/36 (75%) patients at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively. The prednisone dose was reduced from 30.0 mg/day (12.5-50.0) to 5.0 (0.0-5.6) mg/day at 12 months. An improvement in imaging findings was reported in 28 (73.7%) patients after a median (IQR) of 9.0 (6.0-14.0) months. Twenty-three (42.6%) patients were on TCZMONO and 31 (57.4%) on TCZCOMBO: MTX (n = 28), cyclosporine A (n = 2), azathioprine (n = 1). Patients on TCZCOMBO were younger [38.0 (27.0-46.0) versus 45.0 (38.0-57.0)] years; difference (diff) [95% confidence interval (CI) = -7.0 (-17.9, -0.56] with a trend to longer TAK duration [21.0 (6.0-38.0) versus 6.0 (1.0-23.0)] months; diff 95% CI = 15 (-8.9, 35.5), and higher c-reactive protein [2.4 (0.7-5.6) versus 1.3 (0.3-3.3)] mg/dl; diff 95% CI = 1.1 (-0.26, 2.99). Despite these differences, similar outcomes were observed in both groups (log rank p = 0.862). Relevant adverse events were reported in six (11.1%) patients, but only three developed severe events that required TCZ withdrawal. Conclusion: TCZ in monotherapy, or combined with cDMARDs, is effective and safe in patients with refractory TAK of Caucasian origin.Funding: This work was partially supported by RETICS Programs, RD08/0075 (RIER), RD12/0009/0013 and RD16/0012 from “Instituto de Salud Carlos III” (ISCIII) (Spain)

una mirada desde las Ciencias de la Conducta

Este libro es el resultado de los trabajos presentados en el 1er Congreso Internacional "Convivencia y bienestar con sentido humanista para una cultura de paz"