WHAT DOES STUDYING OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY MEANS? THE PERSPECTIVE OF STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CHILE

The main goal of this work is to analyze the attributed perception of studying occupational therapy according to the students of University of Chile. A qualitative and phenomenological methodology was used, as this investigation tries to study the subjective dimension of a particular phenomenon, such as studying Occupational Therapy. Data recollection was made with open-semistructured interviews. Data analysis initiated with a previous categorization according to meaning, sense and purpose, as described in the AOTA’s framework; subcategories and codes were included from the interviews. Results show that in the Meaning category, external opinion makes reference to “studying occupational therapy” and “studying in a university”, mainly finding ignorance and a positive perception of the career. At the sense dimension, factors that give positive and/or negative values that influence self-efficacy, importance, motivation, interest and enjoyment are identified; these factors included the biopsychosocial approach and working with people. Finally, in the purpose dimension, goals and utilities are identified, both in a personal and professional aspects. These results prompt reflection around the perception of the career and the value given to professional studies

IVOA Recommendation: Observation Data Model Core Components and its Implementation in the Table Access Protocol Version 1.0

This document defines the core components of the Observation data model that are necessary to perform data discovery when querying data centers for observations of interest. It exposes use-cases to be carried out, explains the model and provides guidelines for its implementation as a data access service based on the Table Access Protocol (TAP). It aims at providing a simple model easy to understand and to implement by data providers that wish to publish their data into the Virtual Observatory. This interface integrates data modeling and data access aspects in a single service and is named ObsTAP. It will be referenced as such in the IVOA registries. There will be a separate document to cover the full Observation data model. In this document, the Observation Data Model Core Components (ObsCoreDM) defines the core components of queryable metadata required for global discovery of observational data. It is meant to allow a single query to be posed to TAP services at multiple sites to perform global data discovery without having to understand the details of the services present at each site. It defines a minimal set of basic metadata and thus allows for a reasonable cost of implementation by data providers. The combination of the ObsCoreDM with TAP is referred to as an ObsTAP service. As with most of the VO Data Models, ObsCoreDM makes use of STC, Utypes, Units and UCDs. The ObsCoreDM can be serialized as a VOTable. ObsCoreDM can make reference to more complete data models such as ObsProvDM (the Observation Provenance Data Model, to come), Characterisation DM, Spectrum DM or Simple Spectral Line Data Model (SSLDM).Comment: About the IVOA: http://www.ivoa.net; editors: Doug Tody, Alberto Micol, Daniel Durand, Mireille Louy

Quark-Gluon Matter

A concise review of the experimental and phenomenological progress in high-energy heavy-ion physics over the past few years is presented. Emphasis is put on measurements at BNL-RHIC and CERN-SPS which provide information on fundamental properties of QCD matter at extreme values of temperature, density and low-x. The new opportunities accessible at the LHC, which may help clarify some of the current open issues, are also outlined.Comment: Minor changes to text. New refs. included. Updated figures with final dat

Experimental and computational investigation of the substituent effects on the reduction of Fe³⁺ by 1,2-dihydroxybenzenes

This study reports on the kinetics of the early steps that mediate the reactions of substituted 1,2-dihydroxybenzenes (1,2-DHB) with Fe³⁺. The rate constants of the three processes identified by means of the stopped-flow technique are affected by the electron-withdrawing or electron-donating abilities of the substituent. The fastest process is assigned to the formation of a 1 : 1 complex between Fe³⁺ and the 1,2-DHB, which is accompanied by proton loss. The second process involves the inner-sphere electron transfer from the ligand to Fe³⁺ and the slowest step is related to the deprotonation of one of the oxygen atoms bonded to the metal. A reaction mechanism is proposed on the basis of the experimental data and density functional theory (DFT) calculations on mono- and bidentate species with different degrees of protonation.Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicada

Spectroscopic and Mechanistic Studies of Heterodimetallic Forms of Metallo-β-lactamase NDM-1

In an effort to characterize the roles of each metal ion in metallo-β-lactamase NDM-1, heterodimetallic analogues (CoCo-, ZnCo-, and CoCd-) of the enzyme were generated and characterized. UV–vis, 1H NMR, EPR, and EXAFS spectroscopies were used to confirm the fidelity of the metal substitutions, including the presence of a homogeneous, heterodimetallic cluster, with a single-atom bridge. This marks the first preparation of a metallo-β-lactamase selectively substituted with a paramagnetic metal ion, Co(II), either in the Zn1 (CoCd-NDM-1) or in the Zn2 site (ZnCo-NDM-1), as well as both (CoCo-NDM-1). We then used these metal-substituted forms of the enzyme to probe the reaction mechanism, using steady-state and stopped-flow kinetics, stopped-flow fluorescence, and rapid-freeze-quench EPR. Both metal sites show significant effects on the kinetic constants, and both paramagnetic variants (CoCd- and ZnCo-NDM-1) showed significant structural changes on reaction with substrate. These changes are discussed in terms of a minimal kinetic mechanism that incorporates all of the data

The host metabolite D-serine contributes to bacterial niche specificity through gene selection

Escherichia coli comprise a diverse array of both commensals and niche-specific pathotypes. The ability to cause disease results from both carriage of specific virulence factors and regulatory control of these via environmental stimuli. Moreover, host metabolites further refine the response of bacteria to their environment and can dramatically affect the outcome of the host–pathogen interaction. Here, we demonstrate that the host metabolite, D-serine, selectively affects gene expression in E. coli O157:H7. Transcriptomic profiling showed exposure to D-serine results in activation of the SOS response and suppresses expression of the Type 3 Secretion System (T3SS) used to attach to host cells. We also show that concurrent carriage of both the D-serine tolerance locus (dsdCXA) and the locus of enterocyte effacement pathogenicity island encoding a T3SS is extremely rare, a genotype that we attribute to an ‘evolutionary incompatibility’ between the two loci. This study demonstrates the importance of co-operation between both core and pathogenic genetic elements in defining niche specificity

Symmetry aspects of nonholonomic field theories

The developments in this paper are concerned with nonholonomic field theories in the presence of symmetries. Having previously treated the case of vertical symmetries, we now deal with the case where the symmetry action can also have a horizontal component. As a first step in this direction, we derive a new and convenient form of the field equations of a nonholonomic field theory. Nonholonomic symmetries are then introduced as symmetry generators whose virtual work is zero along the constraint submanifold, and we show that for every such symmetry, there exists a so-called momentum equation, describing the evolution of the associated component of the momentum map. Keeping up with the underlying geometric philosophy, a small modification of the derivation of the momentum lemma allows us to treat also generalized nonholonomic symmetries, which are vector fields along a projection. Such symmetries arise for example in practical examples of nonholonomic field theories such as the Cosserat rod, for which we recover both energy conservation (a previously known result), as well as a modified conservation law associated with spatial translations.Comment: 18 page

Measurements of high-energy neutron-induced fission of (nat)Pb and (209)Bi

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial License 3.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any noncommercial medium, provided the original work is properly citedThe CERN Neutron Time-Of-Flight (n_TOF) facility is well suited to measure low cross sections as those of neutron-induced fission in subactinides. The cross section ratios of (nat)Pb and (209)Bi relative to (235)U and (238)U were measured using PPAC detectors and a fragment coincidence method that allows us to identify the fission events. The present experiment provides first results for neutron-induced fission up to 1 GeV. Good agreement is found with previous experimental data below 200 MeV. The comparison with proton-induced fission indicates that the limiting regime where neutron-induced and proton-induced fission reach equal cross sections is close to 1 GeV