315 research outputs found
Ocular Biometry, Optic Nerve Head Parameters And Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness In Severe Preterm Malay Children
Introduction: Severe preterm delivery is defined as babies born at 32 weeks or less of gestation. The earlier the baby is born, the less likely he or she is to survive. Those who do survive are at a higher risk of lifelong health problems, of which the ophthalmic complications include retinopathy of prematurity, myopia, amblyobia, strabismus and optic nerve abnormalities.
Objective : This study is to compare the ocular biometric parameters, optic nerve head parameters, and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness parameters between severe preterm and term Malay children aged 8-16 years old.
Methodology: This comparison cross sectional study evaluated 64 patients, 32 patients were born less than 32 weeks of gestation and 32 patients were full term. All patients underwent thorough eye examination. Ocular biometry was performed using A- Scan ultrasound biometry, whilst optic nerve head parameters and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness were performed using Heidelberg Retinal Tomograph III
On Generalized Recurrent Finsler Spaces of Higher Order with Berwald’s Curvature Tensor
In this present paper, we introduced a Finsler space Fn which projective curvature tensor K^i_ijkh satisfies the generalized five recurrence property with respect to Berwald’s connection parameters G^i_kh, we have derived some theorems and some identities along with few more related results in a recurrent and generalized 5-recurrent Finsler space with Berwald’s curvature tensor field
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H2O2-mediated oxidation and nitration enhances DNA binding capacity / DNA repair via up-regulated epidermal wild-type p53 in vitiligo.
The entire epidermis of patients with vitiligo exhibits accumulation of up to 10-3M
concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (Schallreuter, Moore et al. 1999). Over
the last decade our group and others have focused on the effect of H2O2-mediated
oxidative stress on the function of many proteins and peptides due to oxidation of
target amino acid residues in their structure including L-methionine, L-tryptophan,
L-cysteine and seleno cysteine (Rokos, Beazley et al. 2002; Gillbro, Marles et al.
2004; Hasse, Kothari et al. 2005; Schallreuter, Chavan et al. 2005; Spencer, Chavan
et al. 2005; Chavan, Gillbro et al. 2006; Elwary, Chavan et al. 2006; Gibbons, Wood
et al. 2006; Schallreuter, Bahadoran et al. 2008; Shalbaf, Gibbons et al. 2008; Wood,
Decker et al. 2009). Moreover, it was shown that patients with vitiligo possess up
regulated wild type functioning p53 protein in their skin (Schallreuter, Behrens-
Williams et al. 2003). The reason behind this up regulation has remained unclear
(Schallreuter, Behrens-Williams et al. 2003).
Therefore the aim of this thesis was to get a better understanding of these puzzling
data. Along this project different techniques have been used including Western blot,
dot blot, immuno precipitation, immuno fluorescence, EMSA and computer
modelling.
In this thesis we confirmed the previous result on up regulation of p53 in vitiligo and
we showed that p90MDM2, the master regulator for p53 protein is not different in
patients and healthy controls. Therefore we decided to test for expression of p76MDM2
which mediates the inhibition of p90MDM2-p53 binding. Our results show for the first
time the presence and over expression of p76MDM2 protein in vitiligo compared to
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healthy individuals. This result could provide an explanation, why up regulated p53
is not degraded in this disease.
Since epidermal H2O2 accumulation has been extensively documented in vitiligo, we
wanted to know whether other ROS could also contribute to the overall oxidative
stress in this scenario. Therefore we turned our interest to nitric oxide (NO) and its
possible effects on p53 protein. In order to elucidate this role in more detail, the
expression levels of epidermal nitric oxide synthesase (iNOS) and the oxidation
product of NO and O2
- i.e peroxynitrite (ONOO-) were investigated. Our data
revealed over expression of iNOS and nitrated tyrosine residues, the foot print for
ONOO-. Moreover, we show for the first time the presence of abundant nitration of
p53 protein in vitiligo. In addition using purified p53 from E. coli strain (BL21/DE3)
and mutant p53 protein from HT-29 cells (colon cancer cells), we show that nitration
takes place in a dose and time dependent manner. On this basis we investigated the
effect of both H2O2 and ONOO- on p53-DNA binding capacity employing EMSA,
since this is the most acceptable technique to follow the binding between proteins
and DNA. Our results revealed that ONOO- abrogated p53-DNA binding capacity at
concentrations >300 ¿M, meanwhile oxidation of p53 protein with H2O2 at the same
concentrations does not affect binding capacity. Importantly, a much higher p53-
DNA binding capacity was observed after exposure to both ONOO- and H2O2.
Taken together, p53 is regulated by both ROS (H2O2) and RNS (ONOO-).
Next we identified the presence of phosphorylated and acetylated p53 in vitiligo.
Phosphorylation of ser 9 and ser 15 residues of the protein are associated with over
expressed ATM protein kinase, while acetylation of lys 373, 382 residues correlates
with increased PCAF expression. We show that up regulated p53 is associated with
over expressed p21 (cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1) and induced PCNA
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expression. Hence, we can conclude that p53 in patients with vitiligo is up regulated,
activated and functional.
Finally we show up regulated BCL-2 supporting the long voiced absence of
increased apoptosis in vitiligo. Given that patients with vitiligo have no increased
risk for solar induced skin cancer and increased photo damage (Calanchini-Postizzi
and Frenk 1987; Westerhof and Schallreuter 1997; Schallreuter, Tobin et al. 2002),
despite the presence of increased DNA damage as evidenced by increased 8-oxoG
levels in the skin and in the plasma, our findings suggest that both p53 and PCNA
provide a powerful machinery to mediate DNA repair via hOgg1, APE1 and DNA
polymerase ß (Shalbaf 2009). On this basis it is tempting to conclude that DNArepair
is the overriding mechanism to combat oxidative stress in this disease.Egyptian government; Institute for Pigmentary Disorders in association with the EM Arndt University of Greifswald, Germany
Bioremediation Potential of Chlorella vulgaris and Nostoc paludosum on azo Dyes with Analysis of Metabolite Changes
استخدمت الطحالب المجهرية على نطاق واسع في عملية المعالجة البيولوجية لتحلل أو تكثيف الأصباغ السامة. شملت الدراسه الحاليه تقييم كفاءة كلا من طحلب C. vulgaris و N. paluodosum فى إزالة اللون الخاص باثنين من الأصباغ السامة ; هما صبغه الكريستال البنفسجي (CV) و الملكيت الأخضر (MG) علاوة على ذلك فقد تم تحديد ملامح التمثيل الغذائي للنوعين. أيضا متابعة تأثيرالأصباغ على النمط الأيضي للطحالب التي تمت دراستها. أظهرت البيانات أن طحلب C. vulgaris كان أكثر فاعلية في إزالة تلوين MG و CV ، وكانت أعلى نسبة إزالة للون هى 93.55 ٪ في حالة MG ، بينما سجلت نسبة 62.98 ٪ لإزالة لونCV . اما فى حالة طحلب N. paluodosum كانت النسبة المئوية لإزالة لون MG هى 77.6 ٪ ، ونسبة إزالة اللون من CV كانت 35.1 ٪. تم عمل النمط الأيضي للطحلبين باستخدام التحليل الطيفي للرنين المغناطيسي النووي (NMR) استنادًا إلى بيانات 1 D و 2D وتم تحديد 43 مركبًا في مستخلص طحلب C. vulgaris ، بينما تم تحديد 34 مركبا فى حالة طحلب N. paluodosum وشملت المركبات التي تم تحديدها الكربوهيدرات والأحماض الأمينية والأحماض العضوية و البيبتيدات الثنائية والفينولات. تم إجراء تحليلات إحصائية للتعرف على نمط تباين الأيض بين عينات مجموعه السيطره والطحالب المعالجة بالأصباغ. وقد أوضح تحليل المكون الرئيسى والتحليل العنقودي الهرمي أن العينات التي تمت معاملتها باستخدام MG منفصلة بوضوح عن عينة السيطره في كلا النوعين من الطحالب. بناءً على بيانات خريطة الحرارة يتأثر مستوى تركيز الكربوهيدرات والأحماض الأمينية بشدة بالمعالجة الحيوية لصبغ MG مقارنة بصبغة CV.. Microalgae have been used widely in bioremediation processes to degrade or adsorb toxic dyes. Here, we evaluated the decolorization efficiency of Chlorella vulgaris and Nostoc paludosum against two toxic dyes, crystal violet (CV) and malachite green (MG). Furthermore, the effect of CV and MG dyes on the metabolic profiling of the studied algae has been investigated. The data showed that C. vulgaris was most efficient in decolorization of CV and MG: the highest percentage of decolorization was 93.55% in case of MG, while CV decolorization percentage was 62.98%. N. paludosum decolorized MG dye by 77.6%, and the decolorization percentage of CV was 35.1%. Metabolic profiling of C. vulgaris and N. paludosum were performed using NMR spectroscopy. Based on 1D and 2D NMR data, 43 compounds were identified in the polar extract of C. vulgaris, while 34 polar metabolites were successfully determined in N. paludosum. The identified compounds included carbohydrates, amino acids, organic acids, dipeptides, steroids and phenols. Statistical analysis was carried out to recognize the pattern of metabolite variation between control and dye treated samples. Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis showed that samples treated with MG are clearly separated from the control in both types of algae. Based on heat map data, the level of carbohydrates and amino acids concentrations are strongly affected by bioremediation of MG dye compared with CV dye. In conclusion, the present study proved that CV and MG dyes are considered as stress factors and the studied algae species exert their bioremediation activity without the dyes being absorbed into the cells
Variation in enamel mechanical properties throughout the crown in catarrhine primates.
Enamel mechanical properties vary across molar crowns, but the relationship among mechanical properties, tooth function, and phylogeny are not well understood. Fifteen primate lower molars representing fourteen taxa (catarrhine, n = 13; platyrrhine, n = 1) were sectioned in the lingual-buccal plane through the mesial cusps. Gradients of enamel mechanical properties, specifically hardness and elastic modulus, were quantified using nanoindentation from inner (near the enamel-dentine junction), through middle, to outer enamel (near the outer enamel surface) at five positions (buccal lateral, buccal cuspal, occlusal middle, lingual cuspal, lingual lateral). Cuspal positions had higher mechanical property values than lateral positions. Middle enamel had higher mean hardness and elastic modulus values than inner and outer locations in all five crown positions. Functionally, the thicker-enameled buccal cusps of lower molars did not show evidence of increased resistance to failure; instead, lingual cusps-which show higher rates of fracture-had higher average mechanical property values, with no significant differences observed between sides. Preliminary phylogenetic results suggest there is relatively little phylogenetic signal in gradients of mechanical properties through the enamel or across the crown. There appears to be common mechanical property patterns across molar crowns in Catarrhini and potentially among primates more broadly. These results may allow more precise interpretations of dental biomechanics and processes resulting in mechanical failure of enamel in primates, such as wear and fracture. [Abstract copyright: Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
A Review of Hybrid Humidification and Dehumidification Desalination Systems
The escalating threat of water scarcity, coupled with the inclusion of numerous countries in the list of water-scarce nations, has elevated the issue of water availability to a paramount concern in today\u27s global landscape. Freshwater sources are becoming increasingly scarce, with their proportional decline steadily progressing. Consequently, a growing number of nations have resorted to the desalination of seawater as a viable solution. In response to this critical need, a surge of studies and research endeavors has been dedicated to the development and refinement of desalination processes. One of the most promising innovations in this field is Humidification-Dehumidification (HDH) desalination technology. This paper aims to delve into the potential of HDH desalination technology and its integration with another advanced desalination method known as a hybrid system. By combining these two distinct approaches, it becomes possible to not only enhance productivity but also address certain limitations inherent in each technology. In this paper, we provide an overview of various desalination processes, shedding light on their classifications and characteristics. Our primary focus, however, lies in exploring how HDH desalination technology can be effectively harmonized within a hybrid system to maximize efficiency and mitigate shortcomings observed in individual technologies. The integration of HDH with existing desalination methods has demonstrated notable success, as evidenced by numerous research studies in the field. This research underscores the significance of hybridization in advancing HDH sustainability practices within the desalination sector, ultimately contributing to the global effort to combat water scarcity
A Review of Hybrid Humidification and Dehumidification Desalination Systems
The escalating threat of water scarcity, coupled with the inclusion of numerous countries in the list of water-scarce nations, has elevated the issue of water availability to a paramount concern in today\u27s global landscape. Freshwater sources are becoming increasingly scarce, with their proportional decline steadily progressing. Consequently, a growing number of nations have resorted to the desalination of seawater as a viable solution. In response to this critical need, a surge of studies and research endeavors has been dedicated to the development and refinement of desalination processes. One of the most promising innovations in this field is Humidification-Dehumidification (HDH) desalination technology. This paper aims to delve into the potential of HDH desalination technology and its integration with another advanced desalination method known as a hybrid system. By combining these two distinct approaches, it becomes possible to not only enhance productivity but also address certain limitations inherent in each technology. In this paper, we provide an overview of various desalination processes, shedding light on their classifications and characteristics. Our primary focus, however, lies in exploring how HDH desalination technology can be effectively harmonized within a hybrid system to maximize efficiency and mitigate shortcomings observed in individual technologies. The integration of HDH with existing desalination methods has demonstrated notable success, as evidenced by numerous research studies in the field. This research underscores the significance of hybridization in advancing HDH sustainability practices within the desalination sector, ultimately contributing to the global effort to combat water scarcity
مطمٙؿ مٟزع امعمٚمٙمٞم٦ الخم٤صم٦ مذ امًم٘م٤مٟقن امًمٚمٞ لٌ مذ مُمٜمٔقرامعذبم٥ احم٤مًمٙل رسالة مقدمة إلى برنامج ماجستير الشريعة بجامعة سوراكارتا المحمدية للحصول على درجة الماجستير في الفقه وأصوله Hukum Naza' Al-mikiyah Al-khosah Fi Al Qanun Al-lia FI Mandzur Al-Madzatb Al-malil
The rule of expropriate private property in Libyan law. From the perspective of the Maliki school .Master Thesis provided to get Master of law degree at the University of Muhammadiyah, Surakarta . Written by: Maryam Adel Salem Kabir. Student’s numper: O200130006. The supervisors: Dr. muhammed abdul alkhaleq hassan and Dr. Muhammed ehsan. 2014/1435H.
This master’s thesis is a library research Its idea based on the need of Libyan street to know and clarify The provisions of the property expropriation Based on the opinions of the Maliki school Research problems statement focused on the study of the opinions of Malki school about the law No (4) for the year 1978 (the Expropriation of property in Libyan law). And after going deep in research and study In the words and opinions of scholars , scientists and the Contemporary of Maliki school and also study and analyzing the law No (4) and its Executive Regulations. The researcher concluded that:
Expropriation law in Libya which known as law no (4) And its implementing regulations does not apply with any base or Jurisprudential opinion. And its became unjustly by the Libyan state in the right of its citizens, The occurrence of the sinfulness of people who have benefited from this law and Libyan government should redress who are affected by this law
The effect of earthworm (Eisenia foetida) meal with vermi-humus on growth performance, hematology, immunity, intestinal microbiota, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of broiler chickens
The present investigation was aimed to evaluate the effect of varied amount of earthworm meal (EW) and vermihumus
(VH) on the growth performance of broiler chickens. Three hundred 1-d-old broiler chickens were
assigned to 5 starter treatments with 5 pens per treatment, and 12 broiler chickens per pen in a completely
randomized design from d 0–14 of the study. Dietary treatments were [per kilogram dry matter (DM)]: control
(0 g EW and 0 g VH/kg of DM), and the diets containing 10 g VH/kg of DM supplemented with 0, 10, 20, or 30 g
EW/kg of DM. At the end of the study (d 42), one representative broiler chicken per pen, close to the average
body weight, was selected for blood sampling using a sterile needle and heparinized vacuum tube. The outcomes
of the study depicted the greater overall feed intake value in broiler chicken fed the control diet than those fed
the diets containing VH or EW or both, and it decreased linearly and quadratically (P<0.05) as the amount of
EW supplementation increased. The average weight gain for the chickens was numerically increased as
supplementation of EW was increased (linear, =0.3; quadratic P=0.4). On the other hand, overall feed
conversation ratio was slightly greater (P=0.02) in broiler chickens fed the control diet, and it decreased
linearly (P=0.03) as dietary EW supplementation increased. Additionally, the serum total protein, albumin, Ca,
and P concentrations were lower in broiler chickens fed the control diet, and those variables increased linearly
(P<0.05) as dietary EW increased. In like manner, humoral immune response (except heterophil/lymphocyte
ratio) and relative weights of immune organs were lower in broiler chickens fed the control diet. Remarkable
differences were observed between carcass and ileum characteristics of broiler chickens under treatments.
Varied concentrations of EW showed increased total counts of lactic acid bacteria (linear, P<0.05; quadratic,
P=0.3) and reduced population of pathogenic intestinal microbiota (linear, P0.05).
Similarly, the meat quality of broiler chicken was markedly affected linearly (P<0.05) by the supplementation
of increased dietary EW. Briefly, diets containing 30 g EW/kg of DM can positively affect the growth
performance of broiler chickens and produce meat with better characteristics
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