On the oscillatory behavior for a certain class of third order nonlinear delay difference equations

By employing the generalized Riccati transformation technique, we will establish some new oscillation criteria for a certain class of third order nonlinear delay difference equations. Our results extend and improve some previously obtained ones. An example is worked out to demonstrate the validity of the proposed results

Clinical and Radiographic Assessment of Reasons for Replacement of Metal- Ceramic Fixed Dental Prostheses in Patients Referring to Dental School

The expected length of service and reasons for fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) replacement are a frequent inquiry by patients while the answers were mainly based on studies reports that was conducted outside the middle east region. This clinical and radiographic survey was constructed to assess and survey clinically and radiographically the reasons of replacement of metal-ceramic fixed dental prostheses, amongst patients reporting at dental school in Taibah University. Between January and May 2016, 151 patients were recruited for this study. Interview (include questions pertained to the length of service of the prosthesis, the nature of complaint as told by patient in her own words), clinical examination, intra-oral photographs, and periapical radiographs, were done by the researchers. The parameters assessed were secondary caries, open margins, loss of retention, failure of endodontic treatment of the abutment and periodontal diseases. A total number of 249 failed fixed dental prostheses were evaluated. Of which 180 (39.7%) were single crowns, 159 (35.0%) were retainers and 117 (25.8%) were pontics in 69 fixed partial denture. The most common reason for replacement of fixed restorations was periodontal diseases affecting 92.8% of all types? restorations, followed by defective margin in 90.4% of examined restoration, poor aesthetic in 88% of restorations, while periapical involvement was found in 85.5% of fixed dental prosthesis. The survival rates of fixed prostheses were not predictable, and no association was found between number of years in service and the number of restorations. The most common reasons for replacing single unit fixed dental prostheses are periodontal diseases and periapical involvement, while defective margins and poor aesthetic mainly associated with multi-unit fixed dental prostheses

The changing channel power relationship between customers and dealerships in the retail automotive sector

The changing channel power relationship between customers and dealerships in the retail automotive secto

Galactic or extragalactic chemical tagging for NGC 3201?: Discovery of an anomalous CN-CH relation

The origin of the globular cluster (GC) NGC 3201 is under debate. Its retrograde orbit points to an extragalactic origin, but no further chemical evidence supports this idea. Light-element chemical abundances are useful to tag GCs and can be used to shed light on this discussion. Aims. Recently it was shown that the CN and CH indices are useful to identify GCs that are anomalous to those typically found in the Milky Way. A possible origin of anomalous clusters is the merger of two GCs and/or the nucleus of a dwarf galaxy. We aim to derive CN and CH band strengths for red giant stars in NGC3201 and compare these with photometric indices and high-resolution spectroscopy and discuss in the context of GC chemical tagging. Methods. We measure molecular band indices of S(3839) and G4300 for CN and CH, respectively from low-resolution spectra of red giant stars. Gravity and temperature effects are removed. Photometric indices are used to indicate further chemical information on C+N+O or s-process element abundances that are not derived from low-resolution spectra. Results. We found three groups in the CN-CH distribution. A main sequence (S1), a secondary less-populated sequence (S2), and a group of peculiar (pec) CN-weak and CH-weak stars, one of which was previously known. The three groups seem to have different C+N+O and/or s-process element abundances, to be confirmed by high-resolution spectroscopy. These are typical characteristics of anomalous GCs. The CN distribution of NGC 3201 is quadrimodal, which is more common in anomalous clusters. However, NGC 3201 does not belong to the trend of anomalous GCs in the mass-size relation. Conclusions. The globular cluster NGC 3201 shows signs that it can be chemically tagged as anomalous: it has an unusual CN-CH relation, indications that pec-S1-S2 is an increasing sequence of C+N+O or s-process element abundances, and a multi-modal CN distribution that seems to correlate with s-process element abundances. The non-anomalous characteristics are that it has a debatable Fe-spread and it does not follow the trend of mass size of all anomalous clusters. Three scenarios are postulated here: (i) if the sequence pec-S1-S2 has increasing C+N+O and s-process element abundances, NGC 3201 would be the first anomalous GC outside of the mass-size relation; (ii) if the abundances are almost constant, NGC 3201 would be the first non-anomalous GC with multiple CN-CH anti-correlation groups; or (iii) it would be the first anomalous GC without variations in C+N+O and s-process element abundances. In all cases, the definition of anomalous clusters and the scenario in which they have an extragalactic origin must be revised.Fil: Dias, B.. European Southern Observatory Chile.; ChileFil: Araya, I.. Universidad de Valparaiso; ChileFil: Nogueira-Cavalcante, J. P.. Observatorio Do Valongo; Brasil. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Saker, Leila Yamila. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Shokry, A.. European Southern Observatory Chile.; Chil

Effects of Beetroot Juice Supplementation on Physiological Response During Submaximal Exercise in Normoxia and Hypoxia

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Locating Fear: A pilot study examining the use of a chatbot app to surface embodied experiences of fear in situ.

High-profile stories have highlighted the fear many women experience during their daily lives as well as the ongoing fear many students who identify as women, for instance, experience in UK universities during their education. These stories underline the seriousness and prevalence of the situation, the substantial emotional and psychological consequences relating to it, many of which remain invisible. Many studies exploring fear often exclude embodied data that is gathered by participants in the context of their daily mobilities. This pilot study was designed to address the imbalance by providing a more situated understanding of fear. Using a bespoke chatbot, City Life, the research team engaged students in the context of their lives at university, providing them with the means and the opportunity to chart their journeys to and from university, to reflect on their experience at university, moving through the campus and socializing in and out of the university. Findings indicate that while students felt generally safe within the university, the experience of higher education was not restricted to the physical space of university buildings. Nearly all our research participants frequently travelled a considerable distance to get to university. Especially the necessity to use public transport to attend university meant that participants routinely inhabited enclosed spaces with strangers engaged in anti-social behaviour. It was not always the case that participants could simply sidestep specific settings if these sites were an unavoidable element of their journey. The use of City Life enabled the research participants to document such experiences as they occurred in situ. This is important as research suggests individuals are compelled to discuss an emotional experience as soon as it has happened. Our research ultimately points to implications for how women’s educational experience may be influenced by attending a non-campus-based institution. First, the requirement to commute to and from university meant that some women students were less likely to spend additional time at the university. Likewise, these students appeared less likely to attend extra-curricular classes or talks, particularly if these sessions are scheduled later in the afternoon or during winter months. Consequently, if institutions primarily focus on the campus itself, some women students will have a different learning experience to students able to spend more time at university. Second, the time spent in university might correlate with the development of social ties beyond designated learning activities. Given that this community is established in the context of learning, it may result in a distinctive learning environment, as it is less likely that formative peer engagement will continue beyond the physical parameters of the class. Finally, our research has produced a chatbot app that can be used in future projects. This application might be in the context of a (1) a stand alone piece of work by other universities to measure levels of fear in and around their campus, or (2) as part of a large grant proposal by the research team for a large-scale longitudinal piece of work. In either case, our chatbot app can be used to make policy decisions, as well as feed into wider policy debates, such as UUK’s Changing the Culture

“Wayfearing” and the city: Exploring how experiential fear of crime frames the mobilities of women students at a city-based university using a bespoke chatbot app

Personal safety apps provide new ways for crime data to be utilised by citizens within the context of urban mobilities. Yet, high-profile stories reveal the fear many women continue to experience in their daily lives. Operating as locative media, personal safety apps seem to imply environments can simply be avoided. This is not always possible. Women students attending a city-based university, for example, might have to move through various urban spaces to get to their institution. Using a bespoke chatbot app for recording the experience of environments rather than avoiding them and semi-structured interviews, the purpose of this article is to examine the experiential fear of crime women students attending a city-based university experience in their daily lives. Between May and June 2022, 24 students who identify as women and attend a London-based university took part in this project. Our research first explored the question, how does experiential fear of crime frame the experience or moving through a city-based university? Second, how does experiential fear of crime frame the experience of ambulating the wider urban environment beyond campus? The article contributes to the wider field of locative media, by revealing how fear can shape extant understandings of digital wayfaring

Large scale production of antitumor cucurbitacins from Ecballium Elaterium using bioreactor

Bioreactor plays a vital role in the commercial production of secondary metabolites and pharmaceuticals from plant cells. Many physical factors, like the mixing intensity, shear stress and operation conditions were optimized as a first step in scaling up process. Qualitative and quantitative determination of cucurbitacins E and I in the extract were carried out using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). After two weeks of equipping the reactor with marine impeller, both the growth rate and the concentration of cucurbitacins were increased. However, the increase in the aeration rate from 0.3 to 0.6 vvm induced the production of cucurbitacin E, it reduced the cucurbitacin I production. The highest recorded level of cucurbitacins was 0.3 and 0.1 g/L for cucurbitacin E and cucurbitacin I, respectively. Crude cucurbitacins extract showed potent antitumor activity in a range of 15.6 to 23.5 μg/ml against various carcinoma cell lines. In the current study, the optimizing condition for the production of cucubitacins E and I in Ecballium Elaterium and their biological activities as an antitumor and antimicrobial agent were evaluated.Keywords: Ecballium Elaterium, cucubitacins E, cucubitacins I, bioreactor, antitumo

Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Polyacetylene and Poly Diacetylene Substituted with Thiosaccharin

novel polyacetylene & Polydiacetylene Substituted with thio Saccharin were Synthesized by two routes , first polymerization of terminal propargyl Saccharin ( laboratory prepared ) to produce polyacetylene PAS , under nitrogen gas, in presence of PdCl2 in DMF. The Polymerization reaction was carried on for 4hrs. at 30c0 (Yield 78%). Second procedure was used to product PAS using Microwave Radations under the same conditions at 400 W, for 10 minutes , (Yield 70% ). Another route was polymerization diacetylene (laboratory prepared) to produce Polydiacetylene PDAS ,The Synthesis approach to PDAS is based on Oxidative Coupling polymerization under oxygen gas and THF, In basic medium (pyridine) and present CuCl , PdCl2 as Catalytic , The polymer Yield 82% at reaction temperature 40 C0 in 5 hrs. Instrumental analyses such HNMR , FR-IR ,Spectroscopies. These Indicated that the new materials have Conjugated polymers within designed Substituents Saccharin