The effect of magnetic mirror force on the field-aligned acceleration of plasmas

A magnetic mirror effect on the field-aligned acceleration of plasma flow is discussed for anisotropic plasma conditions by incorporating double adiabatic equations of state. In a non-uniform distribution of the field magnitude along the field lines, it is found that the field-aligned acceleration is toward higher field intensity region for the fluid of low thermal energy, while the acceleration is toward lower field intensity region for the fluid of high thermal energy. We infer that perpendicular pressure would cause such an energy-dependent behavior of the field-aligned acceleration through the magnetic mirror force

A slow mode wave as a possible source of Pi 2 and associated particle precipitation: a case study

International audienceAn intensification of auroral luminosity referred to as an auroral break-up often accompanies the onset of geomagnetic pulsation (Pi 2) at the dip-equator. One such auroral break-up occurred at 2239 UT on 16 June, 1986, being accompanied by weak substorm activity (AE~50 nT) which was recorded in all-sky image of Syowa Station, Antarctica (66.2°S, 71.8°E in geomagnetic coordinates). The associated Pi 2 magnetic pulsation was detected by a fluxgate magnetometer in the afternoon sector at the dip-equator (Huancayo, Peru; 1.44°N, 355.9° in geomagnetic coordinates; 12.1°S, 75.2°W in geographic coordinates; L=1.00). In spite of the large separation of the two stations in longitude and latitude, the auroral break-up and subsequent luminosity modulation were seen to be correlated with the wave form of the ground Pi 2 pulsation. This occurred in such a way that the luminosity maximum was seen to occur at the phase of maximum amplitudes of Pi 2 wave form. We argue that the observed correlation could be interpreted as indicating a Pi 2-modulation of a field-aligned acceleration of the low energy electrons that may occur near the equator of the midnight magnetosphere

The Influence of Marketing Mix, Perceived Risk, and Satisfaction on Word of Mouth in Xyz Clinic

The increasing need for health services, peoples who lived in the Pekayon, Bekasi City were given the opportunity to choose the right clinic. Word of mouth is a marketing technique that can be used by clinics. This study aims to analyze the effects of the marketing mix, perceived risk, and satisfaction on word of mouth at XYZ clinic. The research is a descriptive method with a survey using questionnaires and 200 respondents as the sample. Furthermore, the data analysis technique is descriptive with SPSS16.0 software and Structural Equation Model (SEM) with LISREL 8.70. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the marketing mix has a positive effect on perceived risk, marketing mix has a positive effect on satisfaction, perceived risk has a negative effect on satisfaction, marketing mix has a positive effect on word of mouth, perceived risk has a negative effect on word of mouth, and satisfaction has a positive effect on word of mouth. Referring to these conclusions, it can be confirmed that the clinical management of doctor XYZ needs to improve employee services, convenience the patient that this clinic has expert doctors, and utilizing the use of social media as a marketing strategy

Tingkat Kepuasan Masyarakat dalam Pengurusan Perizinan SIUP Agribisnis di Badan Pelayanan Perijinan Terpadu Satu Pintu dan Penanaman Modal Kota Denpasar

The primary function of government is to serve the public. To increase the public satisfaction is one of the efforts to improve the quality of public services. The service of trade business license (SIUP) for investing agriculture activities (agribusiness) is one of licensing service types that organized by BPPTSP and PM Of the Denpasar Municipality . The purpose of this study was to analyze the role of variables between the behavior of services and service standards to the satisfaction levels of public and influence the level of peoples satisfaction with the use of an agency service in processing Agribusiness trade license (SIUP ) in BPPTSP and PM of the Denpasar Municipality. The number of samples was determined by 90 respondents who have had SIUP with agribusiness activity period of 2010 s/d 2013. Data Technical Analysis used Partial Least Square (PLS) with the Smart PLS program. The results showed that the behavior of the service variables have a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.956 with the value of the contribution (R2) greater than 0.914 standard variable satisfaction level of service to the public, showed a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.930 with the value of the contribution (R2) 0.865. Based on the result of R2 values, it means the better behavior of the service makes the higher level of public satisfaction. The good quality of service behavior will give an impact on the quality of service satisfaction. The Good quality of service behavior in BPPTSP and PM of Denpasar municipality will increase public satisfaction and encourage the Applicants to submit SIUP agribusiness independently. The level of public satisfaction proved positive and significant effect on service bureau services. It shown by the path parameter coefficients positive value of 0.859 with a statistic of 24.879 (t-statistic> 2.58), so that the level of public satisfaction has positive influence on the use of service bureaus in BPPTSP and PM of Denpasar municipality. The conclusion is although the public satisfaction in good level of service behavior but in reality the communities still using bureau services for helping to submit of agribusiness trade license . It caused the use of agency services are considered more practical

Characterization of Transmission and Reflection of Ku Band Split Ring Resonator Reflectarray using Waveguide Method

In this paper, the analysis, design, and measurement of a split ring resonator reflectarray is presented. The 6 different designs of reflectarray are simulated to analyze the effect of splits position on resonance frequency. The SRR reflectarray which covered highest frequency bandwidth at Ku-band is fabricated and tested. In the fabrication, FR4 substrate is used. The S-parameter measurements of the fabricated reflectarray are performed by waveguide method. The obtained results have good reflection characteristics for a wide frequency range from 12 GHz to 16.5 GHz in Ku-band. The maximum value of reflection is achieved approximately at 15.3 GHz frequenc

Contribution à la résolution du problème direct en scatterométrie par réseaux de neurones

Le travail consiste à résoudre le problème direct par réseaux de neurones (PMC). Au départ ce problème se résolvait par la méthode modale par développement de Fourier. Pour notre étude, La résolution de ce problème consiste à la détermination de la signature Scatterométrique théorique d’un réseau périodique (intensités lumineuses) connaissant certains paramètres (dimensions géométriques, indices des matériaux, période et la longueur d’onde etc.). L’étude est de créer un RN et de lui fournir les dimensions du profil et de déterminer les intensités lumineuses (Is et Ic), puis comparer les signatures calculées par la MMMFE et le RN en calculant l’erreur quadratique et tracer les courbes de comparaison de ces signatures.Mots-clés: scatterométrie, MMMFE, réseau de neurones, Matlab. Contribution to the solution of the direct problem in scatterometry with neural networksThe work is to solve the direct problem by neural networks (PMC). Initially this problem solved by the modal method by Fourier expansion. For our study, the resolution of this problem consists in determining the theoretical scatterometric signing of a periodic array (light intensity) knowing certain parameters (geometrical dimensions, materials indices, period and wave Length etc.). The study is to create a RN and provide the profile dimensions and determine the light intensity (Is and Ic), and then compare the signatures calculated by MMMFE RN and by calculating the mean square error and trace curves comparison of these signatures.Keywords: scatterometry, MMMFE, neural Network, Matlab

Assessment of silt deposit and soil physical properties along River Benue Bank, Adamawa State

This research was aimed at assessing the presence of silt deposit and soil physical properties along the River Benue bank, Shinko area in Yola North Local Government Area of Adamawa State, Nigeria. This was to determine the soil textural classes which are important when transplanting and going into farming in the area. Three plots of 20m x 20m were randomly established at the solid waste area (SWA), silt + solid waste (SSW), silted (SA) and no-silt; no-waste (NWS) areas. Soil samples were collected at various depth levels (D1 – 15cm, D2 – 30cm, D3 – 60cm) of the three plots laid in each of the four areas at a distance of 5m, 15m and 25m. 4x3 Factorial Experiments in Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) was used. Mechanical analysis tests for soil textural classes were also carried out. The result shows mean sizes of soil textural classes at 5m, 15m and 25m distances and at different depth levels of the study areas. At α = 0.05, the mean value of pH was significantly different at the various sampling locations. The silted area textural class shows sandy-loam, sandy and loamy-sand at 15cm, 30cm and 60cm depth level at 5m distance. To prevent future impacts and to curtail silt deposition, various measures should be considered in an attempt to reduce the effects of deforestation on the environment. Artificial regeneration should be encouraged in areas with trait of flooding and tree planting should be considered as part of all developmental projects.Keywords: Siltation, River Benue, Soil, Flood and Deforestatio

COMPARISON OF ACTIVITY CONCENTRATIONS OF NATURAL RADIONUCLIDES IN SOILS COLLECTED AT DIFFERENT DEPTHS OF SELECTED HAND-DUG WELLS IN ABEOKUTA

This study was aimed at measuring and comparing the activity concentration of soil samples collected from some selected hand – dug wells with their corresponding depths of collection in Abeokuta metropolis. Total of twenty (20) soil samples were collected from hand-dug wells in five sites (Obada, Adigbe, Kuto, Olorunsogo, and Obantoko) within Abeokuta with four (4) soil samples from each hand-dug well at the surface, (0.0m) through to 2.25m depth. Gamma ray spectroscopy with High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector was used for the measurements. The average activity concentrations obtained for the three natural radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in Bq/Kg are 34.31 ± 2.01, 128.73 ± 4.41 and 152.31 ± 2.59 respectively at depth 0.00 m (surface), 23.00 ± 1.61, 68.39 ± 3.24 and 191.08 ± 3.11 respectively at depth 0.75 m, 31.52 ± 2.21, 145.37± 4.95 and 375.56 ± 5.50 respectively at 1.50 m and lastly 28.57±1.70, 95.61 ± 3.71 and 181.10 ± 3.94 respectively at 2.25 m depth. The world average activity concentrations for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K are given to be 35 Bqkg-1, 30 Bqkg-1 and 400 Bqkg-1 respectively (UNSCEAR 2000). 232Th showed  higher average values than the world’s average while averages of 226Ra and 40K were lower but most of the activity concentration values obtained in some of the locations are higher than the world’s average values, especially 226Raand 232Th in the soil samples.

GPT models in construction industry: Opportunities, limitations, and a use case validation

Large Language Models (LLMs) trained on large data sets came into prominence in 2018 after Google introduced BERT. Subsequently, different LLMs such as GPT models from OpenAI have been released. These models perform well on diverse tasks and have been gaining widespread applications in fields such as business and education. However, little is known about the opportunities and challenges of using LLMs in the construction industry. Thus, this study aims to assess GPT models in the construction industry. A critical review, expert discussion and case study validation are employed to achieve the study's objectives. The findings revealed opportunities for GPT models throughout the project lifecycle. The challenges of leveraging GPT models are highlighted and a use case prototype is developed for materials selection and optimization. The findings of the study would be of benefit to researchers, practitioners and stakeholders, as it presents research vistas for LLMs in the construction industry