Penghilangan Amoniak di dalam Air Limbah Domestik dengan Proses Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (Mbbr)

The treatment process of wastewater contains organic pollutant which used in Indonesia especially in Jakarta is generaly activated sludge process. The problem is its treated water quality which frequently does not yet fulfilled to effluent standard of wastewater. Some affecting factors are hydraulic retention time (HRT) too short, the fluctuation of wastewater flow rate, unfavorable function of aeration process and also which do not less important is operational mistake caused by insufficient knowledge of operator. To overcome the mentioned problems it is needed technological innovation to increase efficiency of wastewater treatment process especially activated sludge process. Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) technology is one of the effective alternative for treating wastewater containing organic pollutants. In principle, MBBR is a modification of the activated sludge process is enhanced by adding the media into the aeration tank.This paper describes the study of domestic waste water treatment using MBBR process which is filled with bioball plastic media which has specific surface 210 m2/m3 as much as 20 % of the volume of the aeration tank for attaching microorganism to increase efficiency and keep stability of process.Result of the study shows that within 12 hours, 8 hours, 6 hours and 4 hours of hydraulic retention time (HRT) in aeration tank and sludge circulation ratio 0f R = 1.0 Q, the removal efficiency of ammonia were 94.05 %, 93.42 %, 89 %, and 79.6 % respectively. In ammonia loading 0.106 – 0.302 kg/m3.day, the removal efficiency of ammonia were 95.54 – 83.01 %. The greater ammonia loading, removal efficiency of ammonia is getting smaller. Optimal residence time is 6 hours with ammonia removal efficiency reached 89 %, and the average concentration of ammonia in the effluent of 8.3 mg per litre

Kualitas Organoleptik Kerupuk Kulit Kaki Ayam yang Diproduksi dari Jenis Ras Ayam dan Larutan Perendam Berbeda

Kerupuk merupakan salah satu jenis produk makanan yang banyak diminati oleh masyarakat saat ini. Kerupuk dari kulit kaki ayam merupakan produk olahan asal ternak yang memanfaatkan hasil ikutan dari pemotongan ayam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas kerupuk dari kulit kaki ayam yang diproduksi menggunakan jenis larutan perendam dan ras ayam berbeda. Penelitian dilaksanakan secara eksperimen laboratorium menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial 3x2x3. Faktor I adalah bahan baku dari 3 jenis ras ayam (ras pedaging ; ras petelur dan buras). Faktor II adalah 2 jenis larutan perendam (asam (CH3COOH 1% v/v) dan basa (Ca(OH)2 1% b/v), masing-masing perlakuan diulang 3 kali. Data pengamatan diperoleh dengan menggunakan sistem skala yang dilakukan oleh panelis. Data diperoleh selanjutnya dianalisis secara sidik ragam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan jenis ras ayam berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap penampilan warna maupun kesukaan kerupuk kulit berdasarkan persepsi konsumen, namun tidak berpengaruh (P>0,05) pada bau, cita rasa dan kerenyahan. Perbedaan jenis bahan perendam berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap cita rasa, namun tidak berpengaruh (P>0,05) terhadap persepsi bau, kerenyahan dan kesukaan kerupuk kulit. Secara umum panelis memberikan persepsi lebih baik pada produk kerupuk kulit yang diproduksi dari bahan baku kulit kaki ayam ras pedaging yang direndam dalam larutan basa (Ca(OH)2 1% b/v)

Forage yield of berseem (Trifolium alaxandrium) as affected by phosphorus and potassium fertilization

This research was conducted with the aim to quantify the effect of phosphorus and potassium fertilization on forage yield of berseem (Trifolium alaxandrium). The experiment was carried out at the Research Farm of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Agricultural University Peshawar, Pakistan during the cropping season of 2004 to 2005. Randomized complete block design (RCBD) having four replications was used for the experiment. Significant differences were found among the treatments for number of branches per plant, fresh forage yield and dry forage yield. The highest number of branches per plant (9.15), fresh forage yield (6077 kg ha-1) and dry forage yield (156.83 kg ha-1) were recorded in plots with 60 kg P ha-1 x 30 kg K ha-1 treatments, while the lowest values of 6.93, 5430 kg ha-1 and 153.80 kg ha-1 for branches per plant, fresh forage yield and dry forage yield, respectively were recorded in the plots with no fertilizer (control). Emergence (m-2) and plant height of berseem were non-significantly affected by phosphorus and potassium fertilization. So, it was concluded that berseem showed better performance in terms of higher forage yield under 60 kg P ha-1 x 30 kg K ha-1 levels in Peshawar valley.Key words: Phosphorus, potassium, forage yield, berseem

The Development of Pocketbook Learning Media based on Mind Mapping in Introductory Economics Course

Economic learning at the tertiary level, especially in the introductory economics course at the Faculty of Economics, is still limited to textbooks or foreign translations. They are structurally difficult for students to understand because they use case studies that do not follow local reality conditions in Indonesia, especially those which are related to data and economic phenomena. Therefore, we need a book that is interesting, innovative, concise, and easy to learn. This study focused on developing a handbook as learning media based on mind mapping on the introductory economics course and assessing the feasibility of the mind mapping-based learning media book for use in an introductory course to economics, primarily on necessary economic concept study contents. This research used Research and Development (R & D) model in developing a mind mapping-based economics pocketbook as learning media. The development of a mind mapping-based pocketbook will make students easier to study in the introductory economics course because the small pocketbook will make students easy to study anywhere and anytime. The development of the pocketbook product consisted of five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Based on the validation conducted by the content experts and media experts on content and linguistic feasibility, the mind mapping-based pocketbook on the introductory economics course at the Faculty of Economics at Universitas Negeri Makassar was in a very feasible category. The product trial results showed that mind mapping based pocketbook was very viable in terms of content, linguistic, presentation, and graphic so that the pocketbook that has been tested was ready to be published

Produksi Minuman Kesehatan Teh Uirame di Kampung Koya Tengah, Distrik Muara Tami, Jayapura

Koya Tengah is one of the villages in Muara Tami District, Jayapura City. KKN organized by Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Cenderawasih University took the theme “Papua Tangguh”. Which aims to contribute to build Papuan community into a resilient community in the health sector. KKN participants provide program about the benefits of spices that are around that can be used to make herbal product “Uirame Tea” that are useful for increase body immunity. Uirame Tea is made from a mixture of various herbal plants from leaves, twigs, and wood shavings. Herbal plants with many benefits can be processed into a health food or beverage product such as Uirame Tea which needs to be developed because the composition come from spices with antioxidant content. Therefore, in the implementation of Thematic KKN Papua Tangguh, there will be socialization about the benefits and ways of making Uirame Tea to the community, with the aim of understanding the efficacy of uirame tea spice ingredients and knowing how to make Uirame Tea traditionally. This program is carried out for 21 days starting from August 16 to September 5, 2021.Keyword: Uirame tea; Koya Tengah village; Papua

The investigation of chlorpyrifos (Cpy) detection of PEDOT:PSS-MXene(Ti2CTX)-BSA-GO composite using P-ISFET reduction method

MXenes are two-dimensional materials that are attractive for applications as sensors because they possess high conductivity, super hydrophilicity and high surface area. There already exist substantial researches on the use of Ti3C2Tx based MXenes as electrochemical biosensors, but in contrast Ti2CTX based MXenes are rarely discussed due to their inherent resistance instability. However, the use of Ti2CTX based MXenes is still worth exploring as theoretical studies have shown that Ti2CTX possesses a significantly lower bandgap compared to many other MXenes structures. Herein, this study examines the use of Ti2CTX MXene structures in a P-channel ion-sensitive field-effect transistor (P-ISFET) for the detection of Chlorpyrifos (Cpy). Compositing the PEDOT:PSS thin film with delaminated Ti2CTX MXenes flakes with graphene oxide (GO) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) allows it to maintain its sheet resistance at around 100 kOhm for 3 days. Interestingly when using the composite thin film, the minimum threshold voltage required to observe Cpy electroreduction is −0.1 V. This is much lower than that when using titanium dioxide (TiO2), which is −1.5 V. Composite thin films containing Ti2CTX MXene are found to detect Cpy with higher sensitivity compared to thin films without MXene. This is because the presence of Mxene in the PEDOT:PSS composite thin films improves the surface area available for Cpy detection. This study highlights the potential of Ti2CTx MXene-BSA composite as a promising 2D material for enzyme-free CPY detection

Prediction of gestational age using urinary metabolites in term and preterm pregnancies.

Assessment of gestational age (GA) is key to provide optimal care during pregnancy. However, its accurate determination remains challenging in low- and middle-income countries, where access to obstetric ultrasound is limited. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop clinical approaches that allow accurate and inexpensive estimations of GA. We investigated the ability of urinary metabolites to predict GA at time of collection in a diverse multi-site cohort of healthy and pathological pregnancies (n = 99) using a broad-spectrum liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) platform. Our approach detected a myriad of steroid hormones and their derivatives including estrogens, progesterones, corticosteroids, and androgens which were associated with pregnancy progression. We developed a restricted model that predicted GA with high accuracy using three metabolites (rho = 0.87, RMSE = 1.58 weeks) that was validated in an independent cohort (n = 20). The predictions were more robust in pregnancies that went to term in comparison to pregnancies that ended prematurely. Overall, we demonstrated the feasibility of implementing urine metabolomics analysis in large-scale multi-site studies and report a predictive model of GA with a potential clinical value

The International Natural Product Sciences Taskforce (INPST) and the power of Twitter networking exemplified through #INPST hashtag analysis

Background: The development of digital technologies and the evolution of open innovation approaches have enabled the creation of diverse virtual organizations and enterprises coordinating their activities primarily online. The open innovation platform titled "International Natural Product Sciences Taskforce" (INPST) was established in 2018, to bring together in collaborative environment individuals and organizations interested in natural product scientific research, and to empower their interactions by using digital communication tools. Methods: In this work, we present a general overview of INPST activities and showcase the specific use of Twitter as a powerful networking tool that was used to host a one-week "2021 INPST Twitter Networking Event" (spanning from 31st May 2021 to 6th June 2021) based on the application of the Twitter hashtag #INPST. Results and Conclusion: The use of this hashtag during the networking event period was analyzed with Symplur Signals (https://www.symplur.com/), revealing a total of 6,036 tweets, shared by 686 users, which generated a total of 65,004,773 impressions (views of the respective tweets). This networking event's achieved high visibility and participation rate showcases a convincing example of how this social media platform can be used as a highly effective tool to host virtual Twitter-based international biomedical research events