Implementasi Pencatatan Keuangan pada Kelompok Petani Sayur Kauman

Implementasi pencatatan keuangan merupakan sistem yang dibutuhkan pada suatu organisasi, hal ini disebabkan karena proses transaksi yang terjadi sangat sering dan melibatkan nominal yang besar, sistem mempunyai prosedur dan proses bisnis yang banyak dan rumit sehingga dibutuhkan suatu model untuk membantu kinerja keuangan menjadi lebih baik dan terorganisasi dengan rapi. Kelompok petani sayur Kauman merupakan kelompok tani yang memiliki masalah dalam pengelolaan keuangan, terlihat dari hasil penghitungan penjualan yang selalu mengalami kerugian padahal penjualan tiap bulan selalu meningkat. Hal ini diakibatkan tidak adanya sistem yang menangani masalah pencatatan keuangan. Penerapan implentasi pencatatan keuangan pada kelompok petani sayur akan membantu dalam pengelolaan keuangan, fitur yang ada pada sistem meliputi merancang anggaran bulanan, mendokumentasikan pemasukan, membuat realisasi anggaran, dapat mencetak laporan laba rugi setiap masa tanam yang telah ditentukan dan dapat menentukan harga jual sayuran, sistem dibuat berbasis website sehingga bisa diakses dari manapun. Hasil implementasi berupa sistem pencatatan keuangan dan telah diuji menggunakan pengujian fungsional secara black-box dan alpha testing. Berdasarkan pengujian fungsional secara black-box oleh pakar sistem keuangan, sistem sudah dapat berjalan dengan baik, dengan ditandai bahwa tiap-tiap fungsi system sudah sesuai dengan kaidah perhitungan keuangan dalam transaksi jual beli. Sedangkan hasil pengujian alpha test dari sudut pandang pengguna, mayoritas berpendapat setuju dalam kemudahan memantau keuangan, sebagai acuan dalam menentukan harga sayur dan informasi laporan laba rugi hasil penjualan. Ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem telah mampu menjalankan fungsi utamanya serta memberikan kemudahan dan potensi manfaat bagi kelompok petani sayur Kauman

Cognitive function assessment in young adult using trail making and stroop tests

Cortical network between brain regions is one of the topics that being investigated by brain researchers. Methods that are used to investigate brain developments of cognitive function include Partial Directed Coherence (PDC) and the power spectrum of the brain activity. The purposes of this study were to determine the cortico-cortical functional connectivity between brain regions using PDC and to investigate the power spectrum of brain activity while performing cognitive function assessments. Twenty healthy young adults, age between 20 to 30 years old, were asked to perform two tasks/tests, Trail Making Test (TMTA-alphabet, TMTA-number, TMTB-mixed alphabets and numerical) and Stroop Task. An electroencephalogram (EEG) machine was used to record the brain signals, and the data were analyzed using PDC and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). Our findings showed that not only frontal area but temporal and occipital area also generates information and the information was sent to various scalp location. Theta frequency was significantly increased at frontal area while gamma and high-gamma frequency bands were significantly increased at centroparieto-occipito-temporal regions. All of these areas are associated with cognitive function doing specific task

Single channel electroencephalogram feature extraction based on probability density function for synchronous brain computer interface

Over recent years, there has been an explosive growth of interest in Electroencephalogram (EEG) based-Brain Computer Interface (BCI). Technically any architecture of a BCI is designed to have the ability of extracting out a set of features from brain signal. This paper demonstrated the extraction process based on Probability Density Function (PDF).A shared control scheme was developed between a mobile robot and subject. In general, subjects were required to synchronously imagine a star rotating and mind relaxation at specific time and direction. The imagination of a star would trigger a mobile robot suggesting that there is an object at certain direction. The mobile robot was then looking for a target based on probability value assigned to it. The result shows that 95 of theta activity was concentrated at target\x92s direction (during star imagination) and reduced when there is no target (during mind relaxation)

Documenting the Recovery of Vascular Services in European Centres Following the Initial COVID-19 Pandemic Peak: Results from a Multicentre Collaborative Study

Objective: To document the recovery of vascular services in Europe following the first COVID-19 pandemic peak. Methods: An online structured vascular service survey with repeated data entry between 23 March and 9 August 2020 was carried out. Unit level data were collected using repeated questionnaires addressing modifications to vascular services during the first peak (March – May 2020, “period 1”), and then again between May and June (“period 2”) and June and July 2020 (“period 3”). The duration of each period was similar. From 2 June, as reductions in cases began to be reported, centres were first asked if they were in a region still affected by rising cases, or if they had passed the peak of the first wave. These centres were asked additional questions about adaptations made to their standard pathways to permit elective surgery to resume. Results: The impact of the pandemic continued to be felt well after countries’ first peak was thought to have passed in 2020. Aneurysm screening had not returned to normal in 21.7% of centres. Carotid surgery was still offered on a case by case basis in 33.8% of centres, and only 52.9% of centres had returned to their normal aneurysm threshold for surgery. Half of centres (49.4%) believed their management of lower limb ischaemia continued to be negatively affected by the pandemic. Reduced operating theatre capacity continued in 45.5% of centres. Twenty per cent of responding centres documented a backlog of at least 20 aortic repairs. At least one negative swab and 14 days of isolation were the most common strategies used for permitting safe elective surgery to recommence. Conclusion: Centres reported a broad return of services approaching pre-pandemic “normal” by July 2020. Many introduced protocols to manage peri-operative COVID-19 risk. Backlogs in cases were reported for all major vascular surgeries

Performance of wild-serbian ganoderma lucidum mycelium in treating synthetic sewage loading using batch bioreactor

The fluctuation of domestic wastewater characteristic inhibits the current conventional microbial-based treatment. The bioremediation fungi has received attention and reported to be an effective alternative to treat industrial wastewater. Similar efficient performance is envisaged for domestic wastewater whereby assessed performance of fungi for varying carbon-to-nitrogen ratios in domestic wastewater is crucial. Thus, the performance of pre-grown wild-Serbian Ganoderma lucidum mycelial pellets (GLMPs) was evaluated on four different synthetic domestic wastewaters under different conditions of initial pH (pH 4, 5, and 7) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) to nitrogen (COD/N) ratio of 3.6:1, 7.1:1, 14.2:1, and 17.8:1 (C3.6N1, C7.1N1, C14.2N1, and C17.8N1). The COD/N ratios with a constant concentration of ammonia–nitrogen (NH3–N) were chosen on the basis of the urban domestic wastewater characteristics sampled at the inlet basin of a sewage treatment plant (STP). The parameters of pH, COD, and NH3–N were measured periodically during the experiment. The wild-Serbian GLMPs efficiently removed the pollutants from the synthetic sewage. The COD/N ratio of C17.8N1 wastewater had the best COD and NH3–N removal, as compared to the lower COD/N ratio, and the shortest treatment time was obtained in an acidic environment at pH 4. The highest percentage for COD and NH3–N removal achieved was 96.0% and 93.2%, respectively. The results proved that the mycelium of GLMP has high potential in treating domestic wastewater, particularly at high organic content as a naturally sustainable bioremediation system

Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 333 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

BACKGROUND: Measurement of changes in health across locations is useful to compare and contrast changing epidemiological patterns against health system performance and identify specific needs for resource allocation in research, policy development, and programme decision making. Using the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016, we drew from two widely used summary measures to monitor such changes in population health: disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and healthy life expectancy (HALE). We used these measures to track trends and benchmark progress compared with expected trends on the basis of the Socio-demographic Index (SDI). METHODS: We used results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 for all-cause mortality, cause-specific mortality, and non-fatal disease burden to derive HALE and DALYs by sex for 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2016. We calculated DALYs by summing years of life lost and years of life lived with disability for each location, age group, sex, and year. We estimated HALE using age-specific death rates and years of life lived with disability per capita. We explored how DALYs and HALE differed from expected trends when compared with the SDI: the geometric mean of income per person, educational attainment in the population older than age 15 years, and total fertility rate. FINDINGS: The highest globally observed HALE at birth for both women and men was in Singapore, at 75·2 years (95% uncertainty interval 71·9-78·6) for females and 72·0 years (68·8-75·1) for males. The lowest for females was in the Central African Republic (45·6 years [42·0-49·5]) and for males was in Lesotho (41·5 years [39·0-44·0]). From 1990 to 2016, global HALE increased by an average of 6·24 years (5·97-6·48) for both sexes combined. Global HALE increased by 6·04 years (5·74-6·27) for males and 6·49 years (6·08-6·77) for females, whereas HALE at age 65 years increased by 1·78 years (1·61-1·93) for males and 1·96 years (1·69-2·13) for females. Total global DALYs remained largely unchanged from 1990 to 2016 (-2·3% [-5·9 to 0·9]), with decreases in communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional (CMNN) disease DALYs offset by increased DALYs due to non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The exemplars, calculated as the five lowest ratios of observed to expected age-standardised DALY rates in 2016, were Nicaragua, Costa Rica, the Maldives, Peru, and Israel. The leading three causes of DALYs globally were ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and lower respiratory infections, comprising 16·1% of all DALYs. Total DALYs and age-standardised DALY rates due to most CMNN causes decreased from 1990 to 2016. Conversely, the total DALY burden rose for most NCDs; however, age-standardised DALY rates due to NCDs declined globally. INTERPRETATION: At a global level, DALYs and HALE continue to show improvements. At the same time, we observe that many populations are facing growing functional health loss. Rising SDI was associated with increases in cumulative years of life lived with disability and decreases in CMNN DALYs offset by increased NCD DALYs. Relative compression of morbidity highlights the importance of continued health interventions, which has changed in most locations in pace with the gross domestic product per person, education, and family planning. The analysis of DALYs and HALE and their relationship to SDI represents a robust framework with which to benchmark location-specific health performance. Country-specific drivers of disease burden, particularly for causes with higher-than-expected DALYs, should inform health policies, health system improvement initiatives, targeted prevention efforts, and development assistance for health, including financial and research investments for all countries, regardless of their level of sociodemographic development. The presence of countries that substantially outperform others suggests the need for increased scrutiny for proven examples of best practices, which can help to extend gains, whereas the presence of underperforming countries suggests the need for devotion of extra attention to health systems that need more robust support. FUNDING: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

Cortical networks of executive function during mental arithmetic task

Executive function is one of the cognitive abilities that perform updating response where it can restore new information and operate when needed. The aim of this paper was to investigate the functional cortical network for executive function during mental arithmetic task. Five healthy people participated to perform Mental Arithmetic task, i.e. subject must mentally subtracts 7 from a number, starting from 1000 and the answer became the new number and repeats the process. The task was performed 3 times and each lasted for 1 minute. Partial directed coherence was applied to analyze the information pathways of cortical networks. As a result, most signal sources that were activated while doing the task came from the frontal lobes irrespective of correct or incorrect answer. There were some signal sources that came from parietal and occipital regions. In conclusion, frontal lobe is use for updating response and the information is send to several points at parieto-centro-occipito area. Further research is needed with greater number of subjects

Case study on fine motor skills of special children when using light and sound tool

Autism and D syndrome children are example of children that have motor skills disabilities as their hand do not seem to coordinate properly, in addition to observably low muscle tone. Therefore, an early intervention program is needed to improve their find motor skills. This paper proposes an integrated approach for the enhancement of children's fine motor skills and functional performance that are fundamental in daily activities. This can be achieved by inventing a tool that's designed with the implementation of sound and light for children use in fine motor activity. Henceforth, to specify the muscular performance and amplitudes of muscular activation generated during fine motor activity, surface electromyography (EMG) technique was used. The analysis was performed on two healthy children and two special needs children, each with Autism and Down syndrome, ages ranging from four to six years old. EMG activity of hand muscles, specifically flexor muscle was recorded while human subjects grasped a ball and transferred it to the tool. The results as analysed through computer software such as LabVIEW and MATLAB demonstrated that there are differences in muscular performance and amplitude of surface EMG signals between the involved children. Furthermore, a correlation between engagement and learning was found among the children during the fine motor activity using the designed tool