Neonatal Acute Compartment Syndrome as First Manifestation of Hematologic Disease: Case Report

Hemophilia A, characterized by deficiency of functional plasma clotting factor VIII, is an X-linked disorder. Signs and symptoms depend on factor VIII levels. Severe hemophilia A (factor levels less than 1%) is usually diagnosed in the first two years of life. Pediatric compartment syndrome is most associated with trauma, but infectious and vascular causes must also be considered. We report a case of a newborn who presented with a severe hand hematoma after venous puncture, complicated by compartment syndrome. An isolated prolonged partial thromboplastin time was found, and hemophilia was suspected. Factor VIII levels less than 1% were consistent with severe hemophilia A. The patient received recombinant factor VIII perioperatively. Fasciotomy was performed and the patient was kept on antibiotics until closure.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Colon Stricture after Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Effects of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery: an international prospective cohort study

We aimed to determine the impact of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery during the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We performed an international prospective cohort study including patients undergoing elective surgery in October 2020. Isolation was defined as the period before surgery during which patients did not leave their house or receive visitors from outside their household. The primary outcome was postoperative pulmonary complications, adjusted in multivariable models for measured confounders. Pre-defined sub-group analyses were performed for the primary outcome. A total of 96,454 patients from 114 countries were included and overall, 26,948 (27.9%) patients isolated before surgery. Postoperative pulmonary complications were recorded in 1947 (2.0%) patients of which 227 (11.7%) were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients who isolated pre-operatively were older, had more respiratory comorbidities and were more commonly from areas of high SARS-CoV-2 incidence and high-income countries. Although the overall rates of postoperative pulmonary complications were similar in those that isolated and those that did not (2.1% vs 2.0%, respectively), isolation was associated with higher rates of postoperative pulmonary complications after adjustment (adjusted OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.05-1.36, p = 0.005). Sensitivity analyses revealed no further differences when patients were categorised by: pre-operative testing; use of COVID-19-free pathways; or community SARS-CoV-2 prevalence. The rate of postoperative pulmonary complications increased with periods of isolation longer than 3 days, with an OR (95%CI) at 4-7 days or ≥ 8 days of 1.25 (1.04-1.48), p = 0.015 and 1.31 (1.11-1.55), p = 0.001, respectively. Isolation before elective surgery might be associated with a small but clinically important increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Longer periods of isolation showed no reduction in the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. These findings have significant implications for global provision of elective surgical care

Colon Stricture after Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Neonatal Acute Compartment Syndrome as First Manifestation of Hematologic Disease: Case Report

Hemophilia A, characterized by deficiency of functional plasma clotting factor VIII, is an X-linked disorder. Signs and symptoms depend on factor VIII levels. Severe hemophilia A (factor levels less than 1%) is usually diagnosed in the first two years of life. Pediatric compartment syndrome is most associated with trauma, but infectious and vascular causes must also be considered. We report a case of a newborn who presented with a severe hand hematoma after venous puncture, complicated by compartment syndrome. An isolated prolonged partial thromboplastin time was found, and hemophilia was suspected. Factor VIII levels less than 1% were consistent with severe hemophilia A. The patient received recombinant factor VIII perioperatively. Fasciotomy was performed and the patient was kept on antibiotics until closure.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Mycobacterium Bovis, uma Causa Rara de Abcesso da Parede Torácica

Introdução: A infeção por M. bovis está provavelmente subvalorizada, estimando-se uma frequência de 1-2% dos casos de tuberculose nos países desenvolvidos. Relato de Caso: Rapaz de 12 meses, naturalidade portuguesa e residente em Angola, vacinado à nascença com BCG-Japan, internado em Angola desde os 10 meses por pneumonia complicada de empiema, tendo sido isolados S. aureuse P. aeruginosa. Aos 11 meses por aparecimento de massa torácica anterior é transferido para Portugal. Apresentava uma tumefação torácica anterior direita de 2x3cm, consistência dura, aderente aos planos profundos e superficiais. Analiticamente sem leucocitose, PCR 2,7 mg/L, VS 33 mm/h, HIV e IGRA negativos, Mantoux anérgico. TC Tórax evidenciava, na parede torácica anterior direita, 4º/5º arcos costais, lesão de densidade partes moles heterogénea, 35x22mm. A biopsia revelou inflamação crónica granulomatosa, com escassa necrose. O exame direto do exsudado não objetivou BAAR mas o TAAN foi positivo para MTBC. Iniciou terapêutica antibacilar com Isoniazida(H), Rifampicina(R), Pirazinamida(Z) e Etambutol(E). O exame cultural do exsudado foi positivo para M. bovis BCG, tendo mantido terapêutica com HR. Por agravamento clínico reinicia E elevofloxacina. Foi excluída doença granulomatosa crónica e aguarda estudo susceptibilidade mendeliana a infeções micobacterianas (estudo do eixo IFN-γ/IL-12). Conclusão: O abcesso da parede torácica é uma forma pouco habitual de apresentação da turbeculose, responsável por 10% da tuberculose extra-pulmonar. Neste caso, adicionalmente a isso, verificou-se o isolamento de um M. bovis BCG, constituindo um desafio diagnóstico.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Effects of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery: an international prospective cohort study

We aimed to determine the impact of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery during the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We performed an international prospective cohort study including patients undergoing elective surgery in October 2020. Isolation was defined as the period before surgery during which patients did not leave their house or receive visitors from outside their household. The primary outcome was postoperative pulmonary complications, adjusted in multivariable models for measured confounders. Pre-defined sub-group analyses were performed for the primary outcome. A total of 96,454 patients from 114 countries were included and overall, 26,948 (27.9%) patients isolated before surgery. Postoperative pulmonary complications were recorded in 1947 (2.0%) patients of which 227 (11.7%) were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients who isolated pre-operatively were older, had more respiratory comorbidities and were more commonly from areas of high SARS-CoV-2 incidence and high-income countries. Although the overall rates of postoperative pulmonary complications were similar in those that isolated and those that did not (2.1% vs 2.0%, respectively), isolation was associated with higher rates of postoperative pulmonary complications after adjustment (adjusted OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.05-1.36, p = 0.005). Sensitivity analyses revealed no further differences when patients were categorised by: pre-operative testing; use of COVID-19-free pathways; or community SARS-CoV-2 prevalence. The rate of postoperative pulmonary complications increased with periods of isolation longer than 3 days, with an OR (95%CI) at 4-7 days or ≥ 8 days of 1.25 (1.04-1.48), p = 0.015 and 1.31 (1.11-1.55), p = 0.001, respectively. Isolation before elective surgery might be associated with a small but clinically important increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Longer periods of isolation showed no reduction in the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. These findings have significant implications for global provision of elective surgical care