Analysis and Design of a Two Stage CMOS OP-AMP with 180nm using Miller Compensation Technique

With the continuous growing trend towards the reduced supply voltage and transistor channel length, designing of high performance analog integrated circuits such as operational amplifier in CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) technology becomes more critical. In this paper the two stage CMOS Operational amplifier (op-amp) has been designed using miller compensation technique which operates at 2.5V. Miller compensation technique has been employed with two approaches, first is using single miller compensation capacitor whereas second approach uses single miller compensation capacitor in series with nulling resistor. To achieve increased phase margin which indicate stability of a system, new design has been proposed with the help of second approach. The simulation was performed using TSMC 180nm CMOS process and design has been carried out in tanner EDA tool. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.160410

A Review on Digital Image Compression Techniques

No Abstrac

Prostate Brachytherapy Seed Migration to the Heart Seen on Cardiovascular Computed Tomographic Angiography

Brachytherapy consists of placing radioactive sources into or adjacent to tumors, to deliver conformal radiation treatment. The technique is used for treatment of primary malignancies and for salvage in recurrent disease. Permanent prostate brachytherapy seeds are small metal implants containing radioactive sources of I-125, Pd-103, or Cs-131 encased in a titanium shell. They can embolize through the venous system to the lungs or heart and subsequently be detected by cardiovascular computed tomography. Cardiovascular imagers should be aware of the appearance of migrated seeds, as their presence in the chest is generally benign, so that unnecessary worry and testing are avoided. We report a case of a patient who underwent brachytherapy for prostate cancer and developed a therapeutic seeds embolus to the right ventricle

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

The prevalence of squamous cell carcinoma in different sites of oral cavity at our Rural Health Care Centre in Loni, Maharashtra – a retrospective 10-year study

Aim of the study : Oral cancer ranks in the top three of all cancers in India and is quickly becoming a global health priority. More than 90% of oral and oropharyngeal cancers are squamous cell carcinoma. The purpose of this study was to document its incidence depending upon the involvement of different sites of oral cavity, and its variation with age and gender. Material and methods : Histopathologically proven oral squamous cell carcinoma cases were collected from the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery RDC, PIMS. The cases were systematically grouped under three headings: anatomical sub-site of oral cavity, age group, and gender, which were analysed to calculate the prevalence of oral cancer. The study was undertaken after obtaining approval from the institutional Ethical Committee board. Results : Among the different sites of oral cavity, the highest incidence (31.47%) of oral squamous cell carcinoma was seen for buccal mucosa in our study. The most affected age group (39.50%) were patients above 50 years old, predominantly involving males. Conclusions : The population in this study were mostly from remote areas, among which a high rate of occurrence of oral cancer was encountered because the people were of low socio-economic class, had a casual attitude towards their health, high rate of tobacco consumption, and limited health care facilities. This study provides valuable data of the prevalence of oral cancer among the rural population

Isolated agenesis of the right pulmonary veins with pulmonary sequestration

We report two cases of agenesis of the right pulmonary veins (PVs) associated with sequestration of the right lung with systemic to pulmonary collateral. Both the children were referred for evaluation of recurrent lower respiratory tract infections. Transthoracic echocardiographic evaluation showed reversal of flow in the right pulmonary artery (PA) and absent right PVs. Cardiac catheterization confirmed the diagnosis of agenesis of the right PVs. Transcatheter closure of collaterals was performed in view of significant shunt from systemic to PA. Both the patients are asymptomatic on follow-up