Measurement of Women\u27s Effect on Migration

The most often utilised approach to migration research has traditionally focused on movement of persons because of economic mobility. Improving the financial status of migrants and having an influence on their socioeconomic status is just as crucial, but when it comes to analysing the effects of migration, it does not truly enhance the economic and social standing of the migrants. This paper compiles the many ways in which people of various demographics are burdened by migration, including the social isolation and constrained mobility that it causes, and the ramifications of this confinement for migrant women, specifically the propensity to stay inside their homes and rise up the social ladder. Other subjects touched on in the study include the different effects that shape migrant women\u27s perspectives, with a focus on matters beyond their initial choice and those brought on by social and political environments

SOCIO-ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN THROUGH MICRO ENTERPRISES: A CASE STUDY OF AJK

The present study socio-economic empowerment of women through micro enterprises: a case study of AJK is an attempt to analyze the role of women owned microenterprises on their socio economic empowerment in Azad Kashmir. In this study Socio economic empowerment of women through microenterprise is taken as predictor variable while freedom of movement and Economic freedom and social uplift is taken as criterion. This is a quantitative research study based on purposive sampling technique. The statistical estimates and analysis are based on a data set of survey and stake holder’s interviews. The data set was statistically tested using standard SPSS software. Descriptive and regression analysis were used for data analysis. The results of this study revealed that women gained socio-economic empowerment after taking up these ventures

Photonic crystal fibers for microwave signal processing

[EN] We present a novel design of an optical True Time Delay Line based on a 19-core Photonic Crystal Fiber that operates in a broad radiofrequency signal processing range from 1 to 67 GHz on a 10-km link, thus enabling simultaneous microwave signal distribution and processing.This work was supported by the European Research Council (ERC) under Project 724663, the Spanish MINECO under BES-2017-079682 scholarship for S. Shaheen and Ramon y Cajal fellowship RYC-2014-16247 for I. Gasulla.Shaheen, S.; Gris-Sánchez, I.; Gasulla Mestre, I. (2021). Photonic crystal fibers for microwave signal processing. IEEE. 1-2. https://doi.org/10.1109/IPC48725.2021.95929341

Thermal Performance of Typical Residential Building in Karachi with Different Materials for Construction

This research work deals with a study of a residential building located in climatic context of Karachi with the objective of being the study of thermal performance based upon passive design techniques. The study helps in reducing the electricity consumption by improving indoor temperatures. The existing residential buildings in Karachi were studied with reference to their planning and design, analyzed and evaluated. Different construction?s compositions of buildings were identified, surveyed and analyzed in making of the effective building envelops. Autodesk® Ecotect, 2011 was used to determine indoor comfort conditions and HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, Air-Conditioning and Cooling) loads. The result of the research depicted significant energy savings of 38.5% in HVAC loads with proposed building envelop of locally available materials and glazing

THYROID AND THYROIDECTOMY: A REPORT

The thyroid gland is a small butterfly-shaped gland located in front of the neck. It secretes hormones called thyroid hormones that regulate almost every function of the body. Enlargement of the thyroid gland is called goiter, also called “giller” or “ghudood” by the natives. Thyroidectomy is the surgical removal of all or part of the thyroid gland. It is performed for various reasons, such as cosmetic, functional, or oncological. Thyroidectomy is a challenging surgery that poses a major burden to the healthcare system in under-developed areas like Muzaffarabad, Azad Kashmir. Funding for investigations and procedure should be made available in each healthcare setup to investigate and treat the goiter in time. Proper training of surgeons as well as staff is also required to make thyroidectomy less challengin

Effect of NaCl on Morphophysiological and Biochemical Responses in <i>Gossypium hirsutum</i> L.

Soil salinity is increasing due to several factors such as climate change and areas with uneven rainfall. This increase in level of salinity compelled the cotton breeders to develop a new germplasm that exhibit the suitable for salty soil. This study aimed to determine the salt tolerance of 50 accessions of Gossypium hirsutum in hydroponic conditions having three levels of NaCl, i.e., 0 mM, 150 mM, and 200 mM. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with a factorial arrangement. Morphological, physiological, and biochemical attributes were estimated in these genotypes. The Na+/K+ ratio was determined by dry digestion method. Salt-susceptible and -tolerant genotypes were identified by biplot and cluster analysis. The genotypes showed significant differences for morphophysiological and biochemical parameters. In control, Cyto-515 showed enhanced growth with shoot length (30.20 cm), root length (20.63 cm), fresh shoot weight (2.34 g), and fresh root weight (0.93 g), while under 150 mM and 200 mM salinity levels, MNH-992 had the maximum root length (15.67 cm) and shoot length (24.67 cm). At a 150 mM salinity level, maximum levels of antioxidants were found in Kehkshan and CIM-595, while at a 200 mM salinity level, AA-703, CIM-595, and Kehkshan showed maximum values of antioxidants. The highest Na+/K+ ratio was observed in VH-363 and FH-114, while Kehkshan had lowest Na+/K+ ratio. The biplot analysis revealed that Kehkshan, CIM-595, VH-330, Cyto-178, MNH-992, and Cyto-515 were widely dispersed and distant from the origin, and exhibiting variability for morphophysiological and biochemical traits under the salt stress. In terms of performance across the treatments, accessions MNH-992, Kehkshan, Cyto-515, and CIM-595 performed significantly better. Peroxidase activity, proline contents, H2O2 determination, and Na+/K+ ratio were shown to be useful for the salt tolerance selection criteria. The potential of such salt tolerant accessions (MNH-992, Kehkshan, Cyto-515, and CIM-595) could be assessed after planting in salt affected areas and could be used in breeding programs for the development of diverse salt tolerant new genotypes of upland cotton

THE APPENDIX: A REPORT

Appendix is a small finger-like tube, about 7cm to 10cm long, attached to the cecum just below ileocecal valve. It was considered a vestigial organ for a long time, but recent studies correlate its important role in immune function and maintenance of gut micro biota. Inflammation of appendix is called acute appendicitis. The incidence of appendicitis all over the world is 233 per 100,000 populations per year1. Appendectomy (surgical removal of appendix) is the most common abdominal surgical emergency worldwide. More research needs to be done to establish the exact cause of increased incidence of acute appendicitis during (time mentioned). Only in this way we can avoid such an outbreak in future

BREAST CANCER: A REPORT

Breast cancer is defined as uncontrolled growth of breast cells creating a mass of tissues called “tumor”. Though it can affect males, but it is more common in females especially at or above the age of 40 years. Breast cancer (also called) is one of the leading causes of cancer related deaths among females all over the world. Nearly a million women are given the diagnosis of breast cancer each year. During their lifetime, one in every nine women runs the chance of developing breast cancer. Pakistan has the highest incidence of breast cancer among Asian countries1. In Pakistan, breast cancer is a serious public health issue that needs to be addressed right now. In Pakistan, women need to be more informed about breast cancer screening, diagnosis, and treatment options. The social and cultural hurdles that hinder women from getting timely medical attention for their breast issues must also be addressed. Women with breast cancer can live longer and experience better quality of life if they opt for early identification and treatmen

Estimation of Drought Tolerance Indices in Upland Cotton under Water Deficit Conditions

Cotton is a precious commodity that offers raw material to the textile industry. This crop is grown in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. Abiotic stresses exerts negative impact on cotton production, but water scarcity has the worst impact. It is rising due to current situation, in which global warming is producing a decrease in precipitation while an increase in evapo-transpiration is causing an agricultural drought. Thus, it is a difficult task for cotton breeders to identify cotton lines that can respond to areas with limited water supplies without lowering yields and might be utilized as suitable parents in a breeding program to produce drought-tolerant indices. The primary objective of this research was the estimation of drought tolerance indices in upland cotton under water deficit conditions. For this purpose, fifty accessions of upland cotton were assessed for their ability to tolerate the water stress under three conditions, namely control, 50% FC, and 75% FC. These genotypes showed significant variations based on morpho-physiological and biochemical characteristics. At control conditions, these genotypes exhibited enhanced growth and better performance. Whereas, the behavior of some indices under 75% FC showed less growth as compared to control, while under the 50% FC highly significant reductions were observed among genotypes. The genotypes that are resistant to drought and those that are susceptible were found using the K-means cluster and biplot analysis. In terms of performance, the genotypes namely Cyto-515, CIM-595, FH-142, and IR-3701 exhibited relatively better in all the treatments and low excised leaf water loss, high relative water contents, chlorophyll contents, free proline contents, and peroxidase activity were observed to be useful selection criteria for drought resistance. These identified genotypes namely, Cyto-515, CIM-595, FH-142, and IR-3701 may be grown in water deficit areas of the country to assess their potential, could be used in breeding programs for development of germplasm suitable for water stress conditions

Health-status outcomes with invasive or conservative care in coronary disease

BACKGROUND In the ISCHEMIA trial, an invasive strategy with angiographic assessment and revascularization did not reduce clinical events among patients with stable ischemic heart disease and moderate or severe ischemia. A secondary objective of the trial was to assess angina-related health status among these patients. METHODS We assessed angina-related symptoms, function, and quality of life with the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) at randomization, at months 1.5, 3, and 6, and every 6 months thereafter in participants who had been randomly assigned to an invasive treatment strategy (2295 participants) or a conservative strategy (2322). Mixed-effects cumulative probability models within a Bayesian framework were used to estimate differences between the treatment groups. The primary outcome of this health-status analysis was the SAQ summary score (scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better health status). All analyses were performed in the overall population and according to baseline angina frequency. RESULTS At baseline, 35% of patients reported having no angina in the previous month. SAQ summary scores increased in both treatment groups, with increases at 3, 12, and 36 months that were 4.1 points (95% credible interval, 3.2 to 5.0), 4.2 points (95% credible interval, 3.3 to 5.1), and 2.9 points (95% credible interval, 2.2 to 3.7) higher with the invasive strategy than with the conservative strategy. Differences were larger among participants who had more frequent angina at baseline (8.5 vs. 0.1 points at 3 months and 5.3 vs. 1.2 points at 36 months among participants with daily or weekly angina as compared with no angina). CONCLUSIONS In the overall trial population with moderate or severe ischemia, which included 35% of participants without angina at baseline, patients randomly assigned to the invasive strategy had greater improvement in angina-related health status than those assigned to the conservative strategy. The modest mean differences favoring the invasive strategy in the overall group reflected minimal differences among asymptomatic patients and larger differences among patients who had had angina at baseline