Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Rimpang Kunyit Putih (Curcuma mangga Val.) Terhadap Staphylococcus Aureus ATCC 6538 DAN Escherichia coli ATCC 11229 Secara In Vitro

Latar belakang: Rimpang kunyit putih (Curcuma mangga Val.) merupakan tanaman yang mempunyai potensi sebagai tanaman obat. Senyawa yang terkandung didalam rimpang seperti kurkumin, flavonoid, dan saponin memiliki khasiat sebagai antibakteri. Tujuan: Penelitan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol rimpang kunyit putih (Curcuma mangga Val.) dalam menghambat pertumbuhan taphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Metode: Desain penelitian true experimental laboratorik dengan metode post test only control group design. Kadar ekstrak etanol rimpang kunyit putih (Curcuma manga Val.) yang diujikan dengan metode sumuran dengan masing-masing konsentrasi 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, dan 100%b/v. Sumuran dibuat pada media pertumbuhan bakteri Muller Hinton yang diolesi dengan biakan Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 dan Escherichia coli ATCC 11229 yang telah distandarisasi dengan standar 0,5 Mc Farland. Sumuran ditetesi dengan ekstrak etanol rimpang kunyit putih (Curcuma mangga Val.) dengan masing-masing konsentrasi. Diinkubasi pada suhu 370 C selama 24 jam dan zona hambat yang terbentuk diukur dengan jangka sorong. Hasil: Ekstrak etanol rimpang kunyit putih (Curcuma mangga Val) dengan konsentrasi 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, dan 100%b/v, dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dengan rerata masing-masing diameter zona hambat yaitu 13,6mm, 16,4mm, 17,8mm, 18,6mm, 23,4mm, dengan nilai uji statistik p= 0,000 sedangkan Escherichia coli dengan rerata masing-masing yaitu 5mm, 5,4mm, 6mm, 6,8mm, 7,4mm dengan nilai p= 0,000. Kesimpulan: Ekstrak etanol rimpang kunyit putih (Curcuma mangga Val.) memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 dan Escherichia coli ATCC 11229 secara in vitro

Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Kunyit Kuning (Curcuma Longa Linnaeus) Terhadap Esherichia Coli Atcc 1129 dan Staphylococcus Aureus Atcc 6538 Secara In Vitro

Latar Belakang: Kunyit Kuning (Curcuma longa Linn) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang memiliki potensi digunakan menjadi obat. Kunyit kuning memiliki senyawa curcuminoid yang terdiri dari curcumin, desmetoksicurcumin, bidesmetoksicurcumin yang terkandung di dalamnya menunjukan efek antibakteri. Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas ekstrak etanol kunyit kuning (Curcuma longa Linn) dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus. Metode Penelitian: Desain penelitian true experimental laboratorik dengan metode post test only control group design. Kadar ekstrak etanol kunyit kuning (Curcuma longa Linn) yang diujikan dengan metode sumuran yaitu 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100%b/v. Sumuran dibuat pada media pertumbuhan kuman Muller Hinton yang diolesi dengan biakan Escherichia coli ATCC 11229 dan Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 yang telah distandarisasi dengan standar 0,5 Mc Farland. Sumuran ditetesi ekstrak etanol kunyit kuning (Curcuma longa Linn) dengan berbagai seri konsentrasi. Diinkubasi dengan suhu 37◦ C selama 24 jam dan zona hambat terbentuk kemudian diukur. Hasil Peneltian: Ekstrak etanol kunyit kuning (Curcuma longa Linn) dengan konsentrasi 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100%b/v dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli dengan rerata masing-masing yaitu 4,6mm, 4,6mm, 5mm, 5,4mm, dan 5,6 mm dengan nilai uji statistik p= 0,000 sedangkan Staphylococcus aureus dengam masing-masing rerata diameter zona hambat yaitu yaitu 5,6mm, 6,8mm, 7,4mm, 8,8mm, dan 10,2mm dan nilai uji statistik p= 0, 000. Kesimpulan: Ekstrak etanol kunyit kuning (Curcuma longa Linn) memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Escherichia coli ATCC 11229 dan Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 secara in vitro

Case-Fatality Ratio of Blood Culture-Confirmed Typhoid Fever in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

With impending rollout of new conjugate typhoid vaccines, better estimates of typhoid case-fatality ratio are needed for countries to set priorities for public health programs. We enrolled 1425 patients of all ages with blood culture-confirmed Salmonella Typhi from laboratory networks serving inpatients and outpatients in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Participants were asked about symptoms and complications including death experienced over a median 3-month period following blood culture diagnosis. Four fatal cases were identified (case-fatality ratio of 0.3% [95% confidence interval, .05%-.55%]). Applying this case-fatality ratio to global typhoid burden estimates would reduce deaths by 70%

Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Kayu Tanaman Secang (Caesalpinia sappan Linn) Terhadap Bakteri Escherichia Coli ATCC 11229 Dan Staphylococcus Aureus ATCC 6538 Secara In Vitro

Latar Belakang : Tanaman Secang (Caesalpinia sappan Linn) ialah termasuk tanaman yang mempunyai prospek yang sangat baik dalam pemanfaatannya sebagai obat terutama antibakteri. Pada tanaman secang terdapat senyawa tanin, saponin, serta flavonoid yang mempunyai aksi sebagai antibakteri. Tujuan Penelitian : Tujuan pada penelitian ini ialah agar diketahuinya aktivitas dari ekstrak etanol tanaman secang (Caesalpinia sappan Linn) dalam kemampuannya untuk menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli serta Staphylococcus aureus. Metode Penelitian : Metode pada penelitian ini ialah true experimental laboratorik menggunakan metode post test only control group design. Ekstrak etanol tanaman secang (Caesalpinia sappan Linn) yang diujikan memakai metode sumuran kemudian dibagi dalam beberapa konsentrasi diantaranya 20% b/v, 40% b/v, 60% b/v, 80% b/v, serta 100% b/v. Pada media pertumbuhan kuman Muller Hinton dibuat beberapa sumuran yang diolesi dengan biakan Escherichia coli ATCC 11229 serta Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 yang sebelumnya sudah distandarisasi menggunakan standar 0,5 McFarland. Sumuran ditetesi ekstrak etanol tanaman secang (Caesalpinia sappan Linn) dalam berbagai seri konsentrasi. Selanjutnya diinkubasi pada temperatur 37° C selama 24 jam yang kemudian zona hambat yang terbentuk selanjutnya diukur. Hasil Peneltian : Ekstrak etanol kunyit kuning (Caesalpinia sappan Linn) dengan konsentrasi 20% b/v, 40% b/v, 60% b/v, 80% b/v, serta 100%b/v dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli dengan rerata masing-masing yaitu 7,6 mm, 10 mm, 12,2 mm, 13,8 mm, dan 16 mm dengan nilai uji statistik p = 0,000 sedangkan Staphylococcus aureus dengan masing-masing rerata diameter zona hambat yaitu 8,6 mm, 11,8 mm, 13,8 mm, 14,6 mm, dan 17,6 mm dan nilai uji statistik p = 0, 000. Kesimpulan : Ekstrak etanol tanaman secang (Caesalpinia sappan Linn) mempunyai kemampuan dalam aksinya sebagai suatu antibakteri terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli ATCC 11229 serta Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 secara in vitro

Differences in field effectiveness and adoption between a novel automated chlorination system and household manual chlorination of drinking water in Dhaka, Bangladesh: a randomized controlled trial.

The number of people served by networked systems that supply intermittent and contaminated drinking water is increasing. In these settings, centralized water treatment is ineffective, while household-level water treatment technologies have not been brought to scale. This study compares a novel low-cost technology designed to passively (automatically) dispense chlorine at shared handpumps with a household-level intervention providing water disinfection tablets (Aquatab), safe water storage containers, and behavior promotion. Twenty compounds were enrolled in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and randomly assigned to one of three groups: passive chlorinator, Aquatabs, or control. Over a 10-month intervention period, the mean percentage of households whose stored drinking water had detectable total chlorine was 75% in compounds with access to the passive chlorinator, 72% in compounds receiving Aquatabs, and 6% in control compounds. Both interventions also significantly improved microbial water quality. Aquatabs usage fell by 50% after behavioral promotion visits concluded, suggesting intensive promotion is necessary for sustained uptake. The study findings suggest high potential for an automated decentralized water treatment system to increase consistent access to clean water in low-income urban communities

A Randomized Controlled Trial to Measure Spillover Effects of a Combined Water, Sanitation, and Handwashing Intervention in Rural Bangladesh.

Water, sanitation, and handwashing interventions may confer spillover effects on intervention recipients' neighbors by interrupting pathogen transmission. We measured geographically local spillovers in the Water Quality, Sanitation, and Handwashing (WASH) Benefits Study, a cluster-randomized trial in rural Bangladesh, by comparing outcomes among neighbors of intervention versus those of control participants. Geographically defined clusters were randomly allocated to a compound-level intervention (i.e., chlorinated drinking water, upgraded sanitation, and handwashing promotion) or control arm. From January 2015 to August 2015, in 180 clusters, we enrolled 1,799 neighboring children who were age matched to trial participants who would have been eligible for the study had they been conceived slightly earlier or later. After 28 months of intervention, we quantified fecal indicator bacteria in toy rinse and drinking water samples and measured soil-transmitted helminth infections and caregiver-reported diarrhea and respiratory illness. Neighbors' characteristics were balanced across arms. Detectable Escherichia coli prevalence in tubewell samples was lower for intervention participants' neighbors than control participants' (prevalence ratio = 0.83; 95% confidence interval: 0.73, 0.95). Fecal indicator bacteria prevalence did not differ between arms for other environmental samples. Prevalence was similar in neighbors of intervention participants versus those of control participants for soil-transmitted helminth infection, diarrhea, and respiratory illness. A compound-level water, sanitation, and handwashing intervention reduced neighbors' tubewell water contamination but did not affect neighboring children's health

Point-Spread-Function-Aware Slice-to-Volume Registration: Application to Upper Abdominal MRI Super-Resolution

MR image acquisition of moving organs remains challenging despite the advances in ultra-fast 2D MRI sequences. Post-acquisition techniques have been proposed to increase spatial resolution a posteriori by combining acquired orthogonal stacks into a single, high-resolution (HR) volume. Current super-resolution techniques classically rely on a two-step procedure. The volumetric reconstruction step leverages a physical slice acquisition model. However, the motion correction step typically neglects the point spread function (PSF) information. In this paper, we propose a PSF-aware slice-to-volume registration approach and, for the first time, demonstrate the potential benefit of Super-Resolution for upper abdominal imaging. Our novel reconstruction pipeline takes advantage of different MR acquisitions clinically used in routine MR cholangiopancreatography studies to guide the registration. On evaluation of clinically relevant image information, our approach outperforms state-of-the-art reconstruction toolkits in terms of visual clarity and preservation of raw data information. Overall, we achieve promising results towards replacing currently required CT scans

The role of multidisciplinary meetings for benign pancreatobiliary diseases: a tertiary centre experience

Multidisciplinary meetings are central to the management of chronic and complex diseases and they have become widely established across the modern healthcare. Patients with pancreatobiliary diseases can often present with complex clinical dilemmas, which fall out with the scope of current guidelines. Therefore, these patients require a personalised management approach discussed in a multidisciplinary meeting

Collembola are Unlikely to Cause Human Dermatitis

There have been several unconfirmed case reports of dermatitis caused by Collembola (springtails). We recently investigated two nurses with dermatitis suspected to be caused by Drepanura Schött (Collembola: Entomobryidae). IgE antibodies to Collembola proteins were not detected in sera from the nurses and skin tests with the Collembola extract and crushed whole Collembola were negative in both the nurses and volunteers. This study suggests that the springtail Drepanura may not cause human dermatitis and that other organisms and organic matter that are also found in the moist environment inhabited by Collembola might instead be responsible

Evaluasi Kepuasan Pasien Rawat Inap Dan Rawat Jalan Terhadap Pelayanan Gizi Pasien Diet Diabetes Mellitus Di RSU PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul Yogyakarta

This research aims to identify and evaluate: 1) the performance of health workforce to satisfaction of patient with diabetes mellitus. 2) The obedience of eating schedule to satisfaction of patient with diabetes mellitus. 3) The obedience of food type to satisfaction of patient with diabetes mellitus. The data of this research is the premier data which was obtained from the answers of 100 respondents with accidental sampling method. This research is using multiple linear regression analysis. The test result concluded that all variables instrument are valid and reliable as a data collecting tool. In the data analysis shows that: 1) There is effect of the performance of health workforce to satisfaction of patient with diabetes mellitus. 2) There is not effect of the obedience of eating schedule to satisfaction of patient with diabetes mellitus. 3) There is not effect of the obedience of type food to satisfaction of patient with diabetes mellitus