Parameters to reduce waste in the paper curl process in a PIM company

In a highly competitive environment among companies, standardization of processes has been one of the means to reduce errors, defects, and costs. Thus, the objective of this study is to investigate what is the best standard with parameters to be applied to the manufacture of corrugated cardboard in a company in the Industrial Pole of Manaus (PIM), aiming to reduce the number of wastes from this process. The data were collected from the production management system of company X and analyzed through brainstorming with the employees of the studied process. At the end of the research it was concluded that the parameters that most influence the generation of approximately 9 types of scrap are: (a) Temperature of the cover and core; b) Press pressure; c) Corrugate pressure; d) Glue crack; e) Pressure of the coil door brakes. To reduce factory waste, a standardized list was proposed containing the parameters for each composition, observing the peculiarities of this production process

OCURRENCE OF LINGULAPHOLIS (CRANIOPSIDAE, BRACHIOPODA) IN THE PIMENTEIRA FORMATION (DEVONIAN, PARNAÍBA BASIN): Registro de Lingulapholis (Craniopsidae, Brachiopoda) na Formação Pimenteira (Devoniano, Bacia de Parnaíba)

The genus Lingulapholis had temporal and spatial restrictions during the Devonian, being found only in Colombia and the United States. In Brazil, its related taxa Craniops is common in the Amazonas, Paraná, and Parnaíba basins. New data from the cities of Picos and Itainópolis, east flank of Parnaíba Basin, led to the discovery of a yet previously undescribed brachiopod genus for this region of Gondwana. The Lingulapholis brachiopod was found associated with plant fragments under conditions of moderate to low hydrodynamic energy as indicated by ichnological assemblage, in proximal expressions of Cruziana ichnofacies alternated to Skolithos ichnofacies. The presence of Lingulapholis suggests that the Parnaíba Basin was inserted in the zone of diffuse faunal mixing during the Middle Devonian.ABSTRACT - The genus Lingulapholis had temporal and spatial restrictions during the Devonian, being found only in Colombia and the United States. In Brazil, its related taxa Craniops is common in the Amazonas, Paraná, and Parnaíba basins. New data from the cities of Picos and Itainópolis, east flank of Parnaíba Basin, led to the discovery of a yet previously undescribed brachiopod genus for this region of Gondwana. The Lingulapholis brachiopod was found associated with plant fragments under conditions of moderate to low hydrodynamic energy as indicated by ichnological assemblage, in proximal expressions of Cruziana ichnofacies alternated to Skolithos ichnofacies. The presence of Lingulapholis suggests that the Parnaíba Basin was inserted in the zone of diffuse faunal mixing during the Middle Devonian. RESUMO - - O gênero Lingulapholis teve restrições temporais e espaciais durante o Devoniano, sendo encontrado apenas na Colômbia e nos Estados Unidos. No Brasil, seu táxon relacionado Craniops é comum nas bacias do Amazonas, Paraná e Parnaíba. Novos dados das cidades de Picos e Itainópolis, flanco leste da Bacia do Parnaíba, levaram à descoberta de um gênero de braquiópode ainda não descrito para esta região do Gondwana. O braquiópode Lingulapholis foi encontrado associado a fragmentos de plantas em condições de moderada a baixa energia hidrodinâmica, conforme indicado pela assembleia icnológica, em expressões próximas de icnofácies Cruziana alternadas a icnofácies Skolithos. A presença de Lingulapholis sugere que a Bacia do Parnaíba esteve inserida na zona de mistura faunística difusa durante o Devoniano Médio

A CONSTRUÇÃO DA CATEGORIA VELHICE E SEUS SIGNIFICADOS

O presente estudo visa analisar a construção da categoria velhice, tendo como pressuposto que os princípios de classificação que são utilizados em nossa sociedade, até mesmo os que nos parecem ser 'naturais', como características físicas ou especificidades biológicas, a exemplo da idade, não contém uma natureza pura, ou seja, biológica. Para tanto, foram utilizadas como apoio importantes reflexões da cientista social Guita Debert, que em seu trabalho Pressupostos da Reflexão Antropológica Sobre a Velhice aborda as dificuldades e os caminhos que devem ser seguidos em estudos relacionados ao envelhecimento, e a análise do sociólogo francês Remi Lenoir, que aborda a construção da velhice enquanto objeto sociológico. Ambos se apresentaram como materiais essenciais e de extrema importância para compreender a constituição da velhice como problema social e objeto do discurso científico, além do trabalho coletivo de imposição de uma identidade social específica. Esta generalização é possível através da compreensão de que a velhice é uma concepção absoluta. Diversos discursos possuem um caráter homogeneizador dos idosos, mas a presente reflexão permitiu concluir que a velhice é uma construção social, onde são expressas diversidades como raça, gênero, classe, entre outras, características estas que tornam as experiências do envelhecimento muito distintas e os significados a ela associados extremamente heterogêneo

A relação entre teoria e prática: contribuições e desafios na formação inicial de professores

The action consisted of a teaching experience planned and carried out by volunteer teachers and monitors (Three graduates in Chemistry), in a high school in the interior of Ceará and aimed to ascertain the contributions and challenges of the relationship between theory and practice in the initial teacher training process. For data collection, the individual semi-structured interview was used, carried out with each of the three licensees, asking them about the impacts of the relationship between theory and practice in the training process, still in the initial period of this journey. The experience highlighted the importance of equitable work between theory and practice in the context of initial teacher training, where undergraduate students can interact with practicing teachers, promoting the mutual exchange of learning, as well as knowing the complexity that guides the school, guided by multiple and changing situations that are evident in daily life.A ação consistiu em uma experiência de ensino planejada e realizada por professores e monitores voluntários (três licenciandos em Química), em uma escola de Ensino Médio do interior Cearense e teve como objetivo averiguar as contribuições e desafios da relação entre teoria e prática no processo formativo inicial docente. Para o recolhimento de dados foi utilizada a entrevista semiestruturada individual, realizada com cada um dos três licenciandos, inquirindo os mesmos sobre os impactos da relação entre teoria e prática no processo formativo, ainda no período inicial desse percurso. A experiência evidenciou a importância do trabalho equitativo entre teoria e prática no âmbito da formação inicial de professores, em que os licenciandos possam interagir com professores em exercício, promovendo a troca mútua de aprendizagens, bem como conhecer a complexidade que norteia a escola, pautada por múltiplas e inconstantes situações que se evidenciam no cotidiano

COORDENAÇÕES DE CURSO NO INSTITUTO FEDERAL DO PIAUÍ: COMPETÊNCIAS, PAPÉIS E LIMITAÇÕES

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar as competências gerenciais relevantes para coordenadores de cursos na percepção dos gestores e coordenadores do Instituto Federal do Piauí. O estudo classificou-se como uma pesquisa de campo quanto aos meios e pesquisa descritiva quanto aos fins. Quanto a abordagem predominou o método qualitativo. Os campi escolhidos para a investigação localizam-se nas região Norte do Piauí: Campo Maior, Pedro II, Parnaíba, Piripiri e Cocal. A escolha desses campi justifica-se sob diversos aspectos: primeiro, todos são campi do eixo norte do Piauí. O agrupamento geográfico torna a pesquisa viável, pois há limitações para os pesquisadores na realização do estudo nos campi do eixo sul. Foram entrevistados 35 participantes, incluindo os gestores (coordenadores de curso, diretor de ensino e diretor geral) dos cinco campi pesquisados. Os coordenadores e diretores participaram de uma entrevista com 11 perguntas divididas em duas partes, gerais e específicas. A entrevista evidenciou que poucos são os conhecimentos sobre competências gerenciais, na visão dos gestores, que apontaram uma necessidade de treinamentos e uma carência de formação voltada à atividade de coordenação e gerenciamento das unidades de ensino

Phylogenetic analysis and genotype distribution of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) in Roraima, Brazil

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious global health problem. HBV has a high viral genetic diversity, with 10 genotypes recognized. In Brazil, the Roraima State is the third in the Northern region regarding the number of hepatitis B cases. On the other hand, few data on HBV genotyping and phylogenetic analysis are available. The purpose of this study is to characterize the HBV genotypes circulating in Roraima State. Of the 113 chronic hepatitis B patients enrolled in this study, 40 were HBV-DNA positive. A fragment of 280 bp (S gene) was amplified by PCR and submitted to nucleotide sequencing. A dataset containing the viral sequences obtained in this study, plus 130 obtained from GenBank was used for genotyping by phylogenetic analysis. The HBV subgenotype distribution found was A1 (62.5%), A2 (7.5%), D2, D3, D4 (2.5%), F2a (12.5%), and F3 (10%). We characterized the genotypes and subgenotypes of HBV circulating among patients in the State of Roraima. In addition, our study shows for the first time the HBV/F3 genotype circulating in Brazil. In conclusion, our findings showed a high diversity of HBV genotypes in Roraima, which is also found in other Brazilian geographical regions

Social inequalities in access to cancer screening and early detection: A population-based study in the city of São Paulo, Brazil

Objective: This study monitors trends in access to cancer screening, focusing on mammography, Papanicolaou (Pap smear), and Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA), assessing the magnitude of inequality in the city of São Paulo from 2003 to 2015 according to education level. Method: This is a cross-sectional population-based study conducted with data from the 2003, 2008, and 2015 editions of the Health Survey of the City of São Paulo (ISA-Capital). Outcome variables were the proportion of mammography, Papanicolaou (Pap smear), and Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) tests according to the protocols. Inequality was measured by education level according to years of study. For static analysis, Poisson regression was used to estimate proportion ratios. Results: The proportion of Pap smears remained stationary at a high level (>89%) throughout the study period, while access to mammography and PSA tests significantly increased in the 2003‒2015 period. The present results indicate inequalities in access to cancer screening due to education, and being more expressive for mammography and PSA tests. However, this inequality significantly decreased over the period analyzed comparing the most educated individuals with those with the lowest educational level. In addition, an increase in the proportion of tests performed in the Brazilian Unified Health System was identified, especially for mammography and PSA tests, in the period 2003‒2015. Conclusions: The inequalities observed in the access to preventive exams were influenced by the level of education. The offer of exams was expanded, more significantly for mammography and PSA, especially among the less educated group

Agave sisalana extract induces cell death in Aedes aegypti hemocytes increasing nitric oxide production

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effects of Agave sisalana (A. sisalana) extract on Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti) primary cell culture.MethodsCells of Ae. aegypti were exposed to different concentrations of A. sisalana crude extract (0.18–6.00 mg/mL) for 24 h. Then, the cells were labeled with propidium iodide and subjected to fluorescence microscopy to verify cell viability. In addition, nitric oxide production was measured.ResultsResults showed that cells exposed to 6 mg/mL of the crude extract presented a greater percentage of death when compared to control (73.8% ± 9.6% vs. 34.6% ± 9.6%). Furthermore, there was an increase in the nitric oxide production in cells exposed to 6 mg/mL of A. sisalana crude extract [(0.81 ± 0.08) μmol/L] compared to control group [(0.41 ± 0.18) μmol/L].ConclusionsThe results show that A. sisalana is cytotoxic to Ae. aegypti and may be used as raw material for new eco-friendly and inexpensive insecticides, since sisal industry discards the liquid waste for the extraction of plant fiber

Sulfated small molecules targeting EBV in Burkitt lymphoma: from in silico screening to the evidence of in vitro effect on viral episomal DNA

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infects more than 90% of the world population. Following primary infection, Epstein– Barr virus persists in an asymptomatic latent state. Occasionally, it may switch to lytic infection. Latent EBV infection has been associated with several diseases, such as Burkitt lymphoma (BL). To date, there are no available drugs to target latent EBV, and the existing broad-spec trum antiviral drugs are mainly active against lytic viral infection. Thus, using computational molecular docking, a virtual screen of a library of small molecules, including xanthones and flavonoids (described with potential for antiviral activity against EBV), was carried out targeting EBV proteins. The more interesting molecules were selected for further computational analysis, and sub sequently, the compounds were tested in the Raji (BL) cell line, to evaluate their activity against latent EBV. This work identified three novel sulfated small molecules capable of decreasing EBV levels in a BL. Therefore, the in silico screening presents a good approach for the development of new anti-EBV agents.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Quality of Tanzania grass (Panicum maximum) haylage in relation to plant dry matter content

This study aimed to evaluate the quality of Tanzania grass (Panicum maximum) haylage with varying contents of dry matter (DM) and stored for 90 days. The quality of this grass was evaluated through the lens of a variety of physiochemical properties (e.g., chemical composition, aerobic stability, pH, microbial profile, etc.). A completely randomized design was used with four treatments (in natura, 400, 500, and 600 g kg-1 DM) and five replicates. Treatment with 600 g kg-1 DM yielded the highest DM haylage (p < 0.01) and soluble carbohydrate content (p < 0.01). Treatment in natura resulted in the highest O2concentration inside the bales (p < 0.01), whereas treatments with 500 and 600 g kg-1 DM resulted in the highest CO2 values. The highest acetic acid concentrations of 36.4 ± 1.6, 38.2±1.6, and 48.9 ± 1.6 g kg-1 DM (p < 0.01) were observed post the in natura, 500 g kg-1 DM, and 600 g kg-1 DM treatments, respectively. Treatment with 600 g kg-1 DM yielded the highest pH value at hour zero (p < 0.01). Tanzania grass with 500 and 600 g kg-1 DM produced the highest quality haylage. Highlights: Haylage can be defined as stored pre-dried forage with a dry matter (DM) content of approximately 400 to 800 g/kg. Aerobic stability was affected by the interaction between the different plant DM contents and hours of exposure of the Tanzania grass haylage to air after opening the bales. Haylage surface temperature has a linear relationship with the length of time the materials are exposed to air. Higher plant DM yields Tanzania grass haylage of high quality. Tanzania grass with 500 and 600 g kg-1 DM for haylage production is indicated.This study aimed to evaluate the quality of Tanzania grass (Panicum maximum) haylage with varying contents of dry matter (DM) and stored for 90 days. The quality of this grass was evaluated through the lens of a variety of physiochemical properties (e.g., chemical composition, aerobic stability, pH, microbial profile, etc.). A completely randomized design was used with four treatments (in natura, 400, 500, and 600 g kg-1 DM) and five replicates. Treatment with 600 g kg-1 DM yielded the highest DM haylage (p < 0.01) and soluble carbohydrate content (p < 0.01). Treatment in natura resulted in the highest O2concentration inside the bales (p < 0.01), whereas treatments with 500 and 600 g kg-1 DM resulted in the highest CO2 values. The highest acetic acid concentrations of 36.4 ± 1.6, 38.2±1.6, and 48.9 ± 1.6 g kg-1 DM (p < 0.01) were observed post the in natura, 500 g kg-1 DM, and 600 g kg-1 DM treatments, respectively. Treatment with 600 g kg-1 DM yielded the highest pH value at hour zero (p < 0.01). Tanzania grass with 500 and 600 g kg-1 DM produced the highest quality haylage. Highlights: Haylage can be defined as stored pre-dried forage with a dry matter (DM) content of approximately 400 to 800 g/kg. Aerobic stability was affected by the interaction between the different plant DM contents and hours of exposure of the Tanzania grass haylage to air after opening the bales. Haylage surface temperature has a linear relationship with the length of time the materials are exposed to air. Higher plant DM yields Tanzania grass haylage of high quality. Tanzania grass with 500 and 600 g kg-1 DM for haylage production is indicated