Legal Control of Municipal Bodies’ Power to Levy Tax: An Indian Perspective

This piece of research work tries to evaluate and exemplify the importance of the Constitutional scheme of levying the tax by the municipal local bodies for the purposes of the collection of taxes. It analyses the provisions related to taxes which the Parliament can impose or the State legislatures can authorize. It also highlights the provisions which authorizes the local Self- governments like municipal corporations, municipalities and other local bodies of having power to impose various kinds of taxes for developmental purposes. It proceeds to study the scheme of distribution of powers under Schedule VII of the Constitution which contains the various provisions where the parliament as well as the State legislatures have delineated areas of operation in the form of the Union List, State List and the Concurrent List

Antagonistic Effects of Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens Against Seed- Borne Mycoflora of Pennisetum americanum

Antagonistic activity of two bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens against Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus terreus and Fusarium oxysporum of Pennisetum americanum was studied. In vitro studied were carried out in both dual culture technique and blotter test method. In dual culture technique the Bacillus subtilis was most antagonistic ones to the seed-borne mycoflora in vitro, while the other isolate Pseudomonas fluroescens did not show any antagonistic activity on any seed-borne mycoflora. Bacillus subtilis antagonistic isolate as well as the commercial biocide was applied as seed treatment for controlling seed-borne mycoflora under Blotter test in vitro and Pot experiment in vivo conditions. It was observed that maximum seed germination and maximum shoot and root length recorded with Aspergillus flavus and Bacillus subtilis combination in Pot experiment. Experiment shows, that Bacillus subtilis antagonistic isolate was able to significant reduction in seed-borne mycoflora than Pseudomonas fluorescens in Pennisetum americanum

Structural relaxation in orthoterphenyl: a schematic mode coupling theory model analysis

Depolarized light scattering spectra of orthoterphenyl showing the emergence of the structural relaxation below the oscillatory microscopic excitations are described by solutions of a schematic mode--coupling--theory model

Assessment of genetic variability among rabbit breeds by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR

[EN] Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was employed to assess the genetic variation and phylogenetic relationship among three broiler rabbit breeds. Ten individuals from each rabbit breed viz. White Giant (WG), Soviet Chinchilla (SC) and Grey Giant (GG) was taken for the study. Initially, 40 RAPD primers were screened, of which six primers were found polymorphic and they were further utilized to assess the genetic variability among these breeds. The band sharing frequencies (BSF) were computed within and between breeds. The overall BSF value within breed was highest in WG (0.846±0.02) and GG (0.846±0.01), while lowest in SC (0.818±0.02). However, between breeds, BSF value was found higher in SC-GG (0.805± 0.01) followed by WG-SC (0.792±0.02) and WG-GG (0.790±0.02). Overall, there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in BSF values within and between breeds. The BSF value indicated low genetic variability within the breed as compared to between breeds. The Nei's genetic distance (D) was found highest between WG-GG (D=0.1605) followed by WG-SC (D=0.1403) and SC-GG (D=0.1295). The phylogenetic relationship among breeds was analyzed and dendrogram revealed that SC and GG are more closer, while WG-GG are distant to each other. The study suggests that RAPD can be successfully utilized for detecting genetic variation among rabbit breeds.Rangoju, P.; Kumar, S.; Kolte, A.; Gulyani, R.; Singh, V. (2007). Assessment of genetic variability among rabbit breeds by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR. World Rabbit Science. 15(1):3-8. doi:10.4995/wrs.2007.6113815

Note On Linear Stability of Steady Hydromagetic Flows of An Incompressible Fluid

In the present paper energy method is used to obtain two sufficient conditions for linear stability of steady hydrodynamical flows. The idea of the method is to construct a small three-dimensional perturbations and formulate the stability criteria for the steady magnetohydrodynamic flows of an ideal incompressible.The stability conditions so obtained ensure non existence of perturbations which grow with time faster than linealy

Structure and Surface Analysis of SHI Irradiated Thin Films of Cadmium Telluride

Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) thin films grown by thermal evaporation on quartz substrates were irradiated with swift (100 MeV) Ni + 4 ions at various fluences in the range 1011 – 1013 cm – 2. The modification in structure and surface morphology has been analyzed as a function of fluence using XRD and AFM techniques. The XRD showed a reduction in peak intensity and grain size with increasing fluence. The AFM micrographs of irradiated thin films show small spherical nanostructures. In addition to direct imaging, AFM profile data enable to derive the Power Spectral Density (PSD) of the surface roughness. In the present work PSD spectra computed from AFM data were used for studying the surface morphology of films. The PSD curves were fitted with an appropriate analytic function and characteristic parameters were deduced and discussed in order to compare film morphology with varying fluence levels. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2960

Structure and structure relaxation

A discrete--dynamics model, which is specified solely in terms of the system's equilibrium structure, is defined for the density correlators of a simple fluid. This model yields results for the evolution of glassy dynamics which are identical with the ones obtained from the mode-coupling theory for ideal liquid--glass transitions. The decay of density fluctuations outside the transient regime is shown to be given by a superposition of Debye processes. The concept of structural relaxation is given a precise meaning. It is proven that the long-time part of the mode-coupling-theory solutions is structural relaxation, while the transient motion merely determines an overall time scale for the glassy dynamics

Pathologic Splenic Rupture in a Patient with Follicular Lymphoma

A middle aged man presented with abdominal pain and fever, with progressive dyspnea for the past one week. He had generalized lymphadenopathy with hepatosplenomegaly and a left sided pleural effusion on admission. Further evaluation revealed that he had lymphocytosis on peripheral blood. He then developed increasing abdominal pain and fall in hemoglobin which was confirmed on imaging to be due to a splenic rupture and he underwent a splenectomy. The diagnosis on lymph node biopsy and peripheral blood immunophenotyping was grade 1 follicular lymphoma. He has completed his 6 cycles of chemotherapy (R-CVP) and is on maintenance rituximab and doing well. The case highlights the fact that splenic rupture can even be caused by indolent lymphomas

ATP synthesis driven by a pH gradient imposed across the cell membranes of lipoic acid and unsaturated fatty acid auxotrophs of escherichia coli

L'edifici té el seu origen a principis del segle XIX.Primer pla, contrapicat, d'un edifici de planta baixa i quatre plantes pis. S'estructura segons eixos verticals amb tres obertures per planta que s'organitzen com a balconades en els dos primers pisos i com a balcons en els restants

The High Decay Resistance in the Sapwood of the Naturally Durable Malaysian Hardwood Belian (Eusideroxylon zwageri)

It has long been assumed that the observed natural durability of the heartwood in certain timbers is perhaps associated with a relatively lower decay susceptibility also of the sapwood of these species. While the heartwood of Belian is reputedly highly decay resistant among the tropical hardwoods of Southeast Asia, laboratory decay tests reported in this paper have also confirmed the high decay resistance of the sapwood of this timber species. The sapwood of Belian is found to be resistant to decay by soft rot (Chaetomium globosum), white rot (Pycnoporus sanguineus & Coriolus versicolor) and brown rot (Poria sp. & Gloeophyllum trabeum) fungi after 12 weeks of decay testing, sustaining <2% mass loss, equivalent to that in its heartwood. The reference sapwood species Rubberwood (Hevea brasiliensis) and the heartwood of Kempas (Koompassia malaccensis) sustained significant mass losses from decay of up to 59% and 17%, respectively. Microscopic observations of Belian sapwood revealed extensive proliferation of extractives in the lumina of various cell types showing a pattern of extractive distribution similar extent to that in the heartwood tissues, although the extent of cell filling by extractives was not quite as high as for the heartwood. It is plausible that the inherent wood extractives deposited in the cells confer the same degree of anti-fungal properties to both the heartwood and sapwood of Belian