867 research outputs found
3-amino-1,2,4-triazole induces quick and strong fat loss in mice with high fat-induced metabolic syndrome
BACKGROUND: Obesity is a growing epidemic with limited effective treatments and an important risk factor for several diseases such as metabolic syndrome (MetS). In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (ATZ), an inhibitor of catalase and heme synthesis, in a murine model for MetS. METHODS: Male C57BL/6 mice with high-fat diet-induced MetS received ATZ (500âmg·kg(-1)·24âh(-1)) for 12 weeks. RESULTS: The HFD group showed increased blood pressure and body weight, enhanced fat deposition accompanied by an increase in adipocyte diameter, and decreased lipolysis in white adipose tissue (WAT). The expression of genes related to inflammation was increased in WAT of the HFD group. Concurrently, these mice exhibited an increase in leptin, nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA), insulin, and glucose in plasma, coupled with glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Strikingly, ATZ prevented the increase in blood pressure and the HFD-induced obesity as observed by lower body weight, WAT index, triglycerides, NEFA, and leptin in plasma. ATZ treatment also prevented the HFD-induced increase in adipocyte diameter and even induced marked atrophy and the accumulation of macrophages in this tissue. ATZ treatment also improved glucose metabolism by increasing glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, GLUT4 mRNA expression in WAT in parallel to decreased insulin levels. CONCLUSIONS: In the context of HFD-induced obesity and metabolic syndrome, the fat loss induced by ATZ is probably due to heme synthesis inhibition, which blocks adipogenesis by probably decreased RevErbα activity, leading to apoptosis of adipocytes and the recruitment of macrophages. As a consequence of fat loss, ATZ elicits a beneficial systemic antiobesity effect and improves the metabolic status
Possible symmetries of the superconducting order parameter in a hexagonal ferromagnet
We study the order parameter symmetry in a hexagonal crystal with co-existing
superconductivity and ferromagnetism. An experimental example is provided by
carbon-based materials, such as graphite-sulfur composites, in which an
evidence of such co-existence has been recently discovered. The presence of a
non-zero magnetization in the normal phase brings about considerable changes in
the symmetry classification of superconducting states, compared to the
non-magnetic case.Comment: 4 pages, REVTe
Composição E Distribuição De Cruståceos Decåpodes Associados à Pesca Do Camarão-sete-barbas Xiphopenaeus Kroyeri (heller, 1862) No Litoral Norte Do Estado De São Paulo
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)The aims of this study were to identify spatially and temporally the composition and diversity of decapod crustaceans caught at fisheries of shrimp Xyphopenaeus kroyeri in Ubatuba bay. Samples were obtained monthly with a shrimping boat from September 1995 to August 1996 at 8 permanent transects. In total were collected 233094 individuals belonging to 85 species. The greatest riches were obtained for Brachyura (49 species) and Anomura (16 species). In the transects IV and V, the highest values of diversity and smaller abundance of shrimp X. kroyeri were found. Regarding the similarity, transects IV and V has low similarity in relation to other points due to its characteristics, such as location in the bay and type of substrate. Studies on the diversity of bycatch of commercially important shrimps are essential for management plans and conservation of renewable natural resources. © 2016, Instytut Technologii Drewna. All rights reserved.4223073261995/2833-0, FAPESP, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São PauloFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP
Poisson Algebra of Diffeomorphism Generators in a Spacetime Containing a Bifurcation
In this article we will analyze the possibility of a nontrivial central
extension of the Poisson algebra of the diffeomorphism generators, which
respect certain boundary conditions on the black hole bifurcation. The origin
of a possible central extension in the algebra is due to the existence of
boundary terms in the in the canonical generators. The existence of such
boundary terms depend on the exact boundary conditions one takes. We will check
two possible boundary conditions i.e. fixed bolt metric and fixed surface
gravity. In the case of fixed metric the the action acquires a boundary term
associated to the bifurcation but this is canceled in the Legendre
transformation and so absent in the canonical generator and so in this case the
possibility of a nontrivial central extension is ruled out. In the case of
fixed surface gravity the boundary term in the action is absent but present in
the Hamiltonian. Also in this case we will see that there is no nontrivial
central extension, also if there exist a boundary term in the generator.Comment: LaTex 20 pages, some misprints corrected, 2 references added.
Accepted for publication on Phys. Rev.
Horizons, Constraints, and Black Hole Entropy
Black hole entropy appears to be ``universal''--many independent
calculations, involving models with very different microscopic degrees of
freedom, all yield the same density of states. I discuss the proposal that this
universality comes from the behavior of the underlying symmetries of the
classical theory. To impose the condition that a black hole be present, we must
partially break the classical symmetries of general relativity, and the
resulting Goldstone boson-like degrees of freedom may account for the
Bekenstein-Hawking entropy. In particular, I demonstrate that the imposition of
a ``stretched horizon'' constraint modifies the algebra of symmetries at the
horizon, allowing the use of standard conformal field theory techniques to
determine the asymptotic density of states. The results reproduce the
Bekenstein-Hawking entropy without any need for detailed assumptions about the
microscopic theory.Comment: 16 pages, talk given at the "Peyresq Physics 10 Meeting on Micro and
Macro structures of spacetime
The Role of Purinergic Signaling in the Pathophysiology of Perinatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy
Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), known as birth asphyxia, remains a major contributor to poor neurodevelopmental outcomes including cerebral palsy and seizures. One striking feature of HIE injury is a delayed progression of neuronal degeneration that spreads over time from the most severely damaged areas outward into neighboring undamaged regions. There is increasing evidence that these lesions act as sites of origin for waves of spreading depression (SD), a wave of neuronal and glial depolarization, that progressively enlarge the brain lesions. While the pathophysiology of SD is still under debate, there is increasing evidence that purinergic receptors in conjunction with connexin and pannexin 1 channels are necessary for sustained propagation of the waves and neuroinflammation. This review intends to discuss the relative contribution of purinergic signaling and connexin and pannexin 1 channels to trigger and spread SD waves leading to the development of progressive brain lesions under conditions of perinatal HIE
Hypoalbuminemia is a frequent marker of increased mortality in cardiogenic shock
Altres ajuts: VPH was supported by the Aarne Koskelo Foundation (no grant number): http://www. aarnekoskelonsaatio.fi/, and the Finnish Cardiac Foundation (no grant number): https://www. fincardio.fi/. Laboratory kits were provided by Roche Diagnostics. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Introduction The prevalence of hypoalbuminemia, early changes of plasma albumin (P-Alb) levels, and their effects on mortality in cardiogenic shock are unknown. Materials and methods P-Alb was measured from serial blood samples in 178 patients from a prospective multinational study on cardiogenic shock. The association of hypoalbuminemia with clinical characteristics and course of hospital stay including treatment and procedures was assessed. Theprimary outcome was all-cause 90-day mortality. Results Hypoalbuminemia (P-Alb < 34g/L) was very frequent (75%) at baseline in patients with cardiogenic shock. Patients with hypoalbuminemia had higher mortality than patients with normal albumin levels (48% vs. 23%, p = 0.004). Odds ratio for death at 90 days was 2.4 [95% CI 1.5-4.1] per 10 g/L decrease in baseline P-Alb. The association with increased mortality remained independent in regression models adjusted for clinical risk scores developed for cardiogenic shock (CardShock score adjusted odds ratio 2.0 [95% CI 1.1-3.8], IABPSHOCK II score adjusted odds ratio 2.5 [95%CI 1.2-5.0]) and variables associated with hypoalbuminemia at baseline (adjusted odds ratio 2.9 [95%CI 1.2-7.1]). In serial measurements,albumin levels decreased at a similar rate between 0h and 72h in both survivors andnonsurvivors (ÎP-Alb -4.6 g/L vs. 5.4 g/L, p = 0.5). While the decrease was higher for patients with normal P-Alb at baseline (p 0.001 compared to patients with hypoalbuminemia at baseline), the rate of albumin decrease was not associated with outcome. Conclusions Hypoalbuminemia was a frequent finding early in cardiogenic shock, and P-Alb levels decreased during hospital stay. Low P-Alb at baseline was associated with mortality independently of other previously described risk factors. Thus, plasma albumin measurement should be part of the initial evaluation in patients with cardiogenic shock
Mayaro Fever Virus, Brazilian Amazon
In February 2008, a Mayaro fever virus (MAYV) outbreak occurred in a settlement in Santa Barbara municipality, northern Brazil. Patients had rash, fever, and severe arthralgia lasting up to 7 days. Immunoglobulin M against MAYV was detected by ELISA in 36 persons; 3 MAYV isolates sequenced were characterized as genotype D
- âŠ