MACERAÇÃO FETAL POR USO DE CONTRACEPTIVO EM GATA

The population growth of dogs and cats, stray and domiciled, shows the need for contraceptive methods, aiming at controlling overpopulations and increasing the life expectancy of these animals. However, the inappropriate administration of contraceptives in feline females has been associated with serious pathologies of the reproductive system. This work aims to report the case of fetal retention followed by fetal maceration in a cat submitted to the use of contraceptives based on synthetic progesterone. At the Veterinary Clinic Pet Valle Center, a feline, female, mixed breed, 7-month-old, pregnant, who used injectable contraceptives about 2 months ago. During anamnesis and physical examination, he presented apathy, hyporexia and bloody vaginal discharge. The animal underwent hematological and ultrasound examinations, indicating advanced gestational age, non-viability and fetal degeneration, characterizing the process of fetal maceration. With stabilization and subsequent surgical treatment, removing the organs compromised by the technique of ovariosalpingohisterectomy (OSH), the female had excellent recovery.O crescimento populacional de cães e gatos, errantes e domiciliados, mostra a necessidade de métodos contraceptivos, visando controlar as superpopulações e aumentar a expectativa de vida desses animais. No entanto, a administração inadequada de contraceptivos em fêmeas felinas tem sido associada a graves patologias do sistema reprodutor. Este trabalho tem como objetivo relatar o caso de retenção fetal seguida de maceração fetal em uma gata submetida ao uso de anticoncepcional a base de progesterona sintética. Na Clínica Veterinária Pet Valle Center, tratou-se de um felino, fêmea, sem raça definida, 7 meses, prenhe, que fazia uso de anticoncepcional injetável há cerca de 2 meses. Durante a anamnese e exame físico, apresentou apatia, hiporexia e corrimento vaginal sanguinolento. O animal foi submetido a exames hematológicos e ultrassonográficos, indicando idade gestacional avançada, inviabilidade e degeneração fetal, caracterizando o processo de maceração fetal. Com estabilização e posterior tratamento cirúrgico, retirando os órgãos comprometidos pela técnica de ovariossalpingohisterectomia (OSH), a fêmea teve excelente recuperação

ASPECTOS CLÍNICOS, LABORATORIAIS E ULTRASSONOGRÁFICOS DE CÃES NATURALMENTE INFECTADOS COM LEISHMANIA SPP

Visceral canine leishmaniasis (LCV) is considered an important zoonosis, which has spread with great agility, and in metropolitan regions, such as the municipality of Caucaia- Ceará, the disease is already considered endemic. Conceptualized as a chronic disease, it is able to progress to a fatal condition, and dogs are the main domestic reservoirs, which implies the intimate contact of the parasite and man. Although the pathology is systemically severe, there is no up to now specific test for its diagnosis. Thus, association of various diagnostic techniques may be beneficial and allow earlier diagnosis due to signs of need for asymptomatic dog research. In this context, few studies report on sonographic changes present in animals positive for Leishmaniasis. This work aims to review the main diagnostic aspects of Leishmaniasis from the main clinical symptoms and laboratory findings such as hemogram, serious biochemistry, urine summary, ultrasonographic and histopathological findings of animals naturally infected with Visceral Canine Leishmaniasis.A leishmaniose visceral canina (LVC) é considerada uma zoonose importante, que tem se propagado com grande agilidade, e em regiões metropolitanas, como o município de Caucaia, no Ceará, a doença já é considerada endêmica. Conceituada como uma enfermidade de caráter crônico, a mesma é capaz de progredir para um quadro fatal, e os cães são os principais reservatórios domésticos, o que implica o contato íntimo do parasita e homem. Apesar de a patologia ser sistemicamente severa, não há até o momento teste específico para seu diagnóstico. Assim, associação de várias técnicas de diagnóstico pode ser benéfica e permitir o diagnóstico mais precoce devido a sinalizações de necessidade de pesquisa de cães assintomáticos. Neste contexto, há poucos estudos que relatam sobre as alterações ultrassonográficas presentes em animais positivos para leishmaniose. Este trabalho tem como objetivo fazer uma revisão acerca dos principais aspectos de diagnósticos da leishmaniose desde os principais sintomas clínicos e dos achados laboratoriais, tais como hemograma, bioquímicas sérias, sumário de urina, achados ultrassonográficos, histopatológicos de animais naturalmente infectados pela Leishmaniose Visceral Canina

Mandibulectomy in feline with bacterial fibrosing osteomyelitis

Background: Fibrosing osteomyelitis is a chronic inflammatory process caused by infectious agents that lead to the destruction and replacement of bone tissue by fibroblasts. The diagnosis is based especially on histopathological and bacterial culture. In cases where extensive and irreversible injuries are observed, surgical treatment may be indicated. The objective of this work is to report the clinical, radiographic, histopathological, and microbiological aspects of a cat presenting fibrosing osteomyelitis.Case: A 10-year-old male feline, no defined breed, weighing 3.9 kg was referred to one Private Veterinary Clinic of Fortaleza, CE, Brazil with a history of left mandibular enlargement, presenting dysphagia, sialorrhea, an increase in firm consistency along of the left mandibular body, temporomandibular arthralgia and decreased joint motion range. On cranium radiograph, signs of proliferative osteopathy of irregular contours were observed in the branch and body of the left mandible and extending to the rostral region of the right mandible, suggesting a neoplastic process. After anesthesia, for better assessment of the oral cavity, a sample was collected by incisional biopsy, however, the histopathological result was nonspecific. In view of the inconclusive condition, it was decided to perform left hemimandibulectomy combined with right partial mandibulectomy. Tissue samples were obtained and sent for microbiological and histopathological analyses. The last test revealed an inflammatory reaction consisting of neutrophils and plasma cells, associated with a large amount of fibrous connective tissue, multifocal bacterial aggregates, necrosis and bone resorption. Based on the findings, the diagnosis of chronic bacterial osteomyelitis was concluded. The microbiological culture demonstrated the growth of the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with sensitivity to cefovecin, which was administered to the treatment in doses of 8 mg/kg/SC, every 15 days, for 60 days. After 10 days of the surgery, the patient was able to start the process of swallowing and seizing pasty food.Discussion: Although radiography is a diagnostic method of choice to assess the extent of bone involvement, it hardly allows the distinction between neoplastic processes and osteomyelitis. Thus, in addition to the cranium radiographic examination, that revealed signs of proliferative osteopathy with irregular contours in branch and body topography of the left mandible were required biopsy and bacterial culture. After mandibulectomy, difficulty in retracting the tongue and anorexia were observed in the first days. Despite that, from the 12th day on, there was an improvement in food seizure, with the return to voluntary feeding. Mandibulectomy is indicated in cases where extensive and irreversible lesions are observed, although excision of the caudal mandible to the third or fourth premolar tooth is not recommended, because it compromises the sublingual musculature, with fall of the tongue and loss of function apprehension. In the present case, the caudal portion of the right mandibular branch was maintained, which facilitated the return of spontaneous feeding. The tissue removed was necessary to perform a microbiological culture with antibiogram, essential to determine the possible etiologic agent and choosing antimicrobial drugs. For the treatment of P. aeruginosa infection, cefovecin was prescribed due to the dosage and route of administration that collaborate with the mandibular surgery, once that the oral treatment is more difficult. Post-surgical complications related to mandibular resection, such as anorexia and difficulty in grasping food, are common. However, in the present case, the patient had an adequate reestablish after 15 days. Therefore, hemimandibulectomy is effective in treating fibrosing osteomyelitis, with maintenance of the patient's ingestive function.

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data