Antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of new sphingolipids and other constituents isolated from Cissus incisa leaves

Cissus incisa is used in traditional Mexican medicine to treat certain ailments, infectious or cancerous diseases. Excepting for our previous research, this species had no scientific reports validating its traditional use. In this study, we evaluated the antibacterial and cytotoxic properties of the sphingolipids and others phytocompounds isolated from C. incisa leaves to increase the scientific knowledge of the Mexican flora. The antibacterial activity was evaluated against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria by the Microdilution method. Meanwhile, the cytotoxic potential was determined on six human cancer cells: PC3, Hep3B, HepG2, MCF7, A549, and HeLa; using an aqueous solution cell proliferation assay kit. A cell line of immortalized human hepatocytes (IHH) was included as a control of non-cancerous cells. Selectivity index (SI) was determined only against the hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. The phytochemical investigation of C. incisa leaves resulted in the isolation and characterization of five compounds: 2-(20-hydroxydecanoyl amino)-1,3,4-hexadecanotriol-8-ene (1), 2,3-dihydroxypropyl tetracosanoate (2), β-sitosterol-D-glucopyranoside (3), α-amyrin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), and a mixture of cerebrosides (5). Until now, this is the first report of the sphingolipids (1), (5-IV) and (5-V). Only the compound (4) and cerebrosides (5) exhibited antibacterial activity reaching a MIC value of 100 μg/mL against Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant to carbapenems. While, the acetylated derivate of (3), compound (3Ac) showed the best cytotoxic result against PC3 (IC50 ¼ 43 � 4 μg/mL) and Hep3B (IC50 ¼ 49.0 � 4 μg/mL) cancer cell lines. Likewise, (3Ac) achieved better SI values on HepG2 and Hep3B cell lines. This research reveals the importance of study medicinal plants, to identify bioactive molecules as sources of potential drugs. The presence of these compounds allows us to justify the use of this plant in traditional Mexican medicine

Evaluación del comportamiento del pollo broiler durante las etapas de crecimiento y engorda alimentado con tres niveles de levadura de cerveza (5, 10 y 15%) en sustitución parcial de la torta de soya como fuente de proteínas en la formulación del balanceado: Ambato, Ecuador 2011

In the Program of Poultry Production of the Luis A. Martínez Technological Institute, located in the parish Celiano Monje, canton Ambato, county of Tungurahua, to 2650 m.s.n.m, half temperature 14,0 ºC and relative humidity of 72,50%. it was evaluated three levels of yeast of beer (5, 10 and 15%) more a witness (without yeast of beer) in the feeding of chickens Broiler males during the growth and put on weight. 288 chickens Broiler of a day of age and a weight average of 0,039 Kg were used., the same ones that were distributed Totally at random under a design of Blocks (DBCA), in cubicles of metallic mesh of 1,50 x 1,20 x 0,60 m with a density of 18 chickens for cubicle, you considers 4 repetitions for treatment. The chickens were fed twice a day 08H00 and 15H00, the control of weight of the chickens was weekly. The study variables so much in the stage of growth and put on weight they were: I weigh final, gain of weight, food consumption, nutritious conversion, cost for kilogram of gain of weight, mortality and economic evaluation.En el Programa de Producción Avícola del Instituto Tecnológico Luis A. Martínez, localizada en la parroquia Celiano Monje, cantón Ambato, provincia de Tungurahua, a 2650 m.s.n.m, temperatura media 14,0 ºC y humedad relativa de 72,50 %. Se evaluó el comportamiento del pollo broiler durante las etapas de crecimiento y engorda alimentado con tres niveles de levadura de cerveza (5, 10 y 15 %) más un testigo (sin levadura de cerveza) en sustitución parcial de la torta de soya en la formulación de balanceado. Se utilizaron 288 pollos Broiler de un día de edad y un peso promedio de 0,039 Kg., los mismos que fueron distribuidos bajo un diseño de Bloques Completos al Azar (DBCA), en cubículos de malla metálica de 1,75 x 1,10 x 0,80 m con una densidad de 18 pollos por cubículo, se considero 4 repeticiones por tratamiento. Los pollos fueron alimentados dos veces al día 09H00 y 16H00, el control de peso de los pollos fue semanalmente

A multi-century δ13C record of the C4 grass Setaria macrostachya in the US Southwest: Identifying environmental causes of variability

Annual and 5-year averages of delta C-13 measured on florets of the C-4 grass Setaria macrostachya decreased from -10 to -13 parts per thousand between 1849 and 2016. Atmosphere-plant delta C-13 discrimination (A) changed from 3 to 4 early in this interval, to 4-5 since 1970. These century-scale changes result from decrease in atmospheric delta C-13 and, prior to 1970, from changes in A related to increase in the partial pressure of CO2 in the atmosphere, both largely caused by the burning of fossil fuels. Short-term fluctuations (interannual to decadal) in slope of the time series of averaged delta C-13 do not result from natural causes, but in certain cases appear to coincide with human economic activities. Annual delta C-13 ranges in years with sufficient measurements are consistently about 2 parts per thousand. It is unlikely that useful information on past atmospheric delta C-13 will be obtained from S. macrostachya seeds preserved in packrat middens or other archives.24 month embargo; published online: 13 October 2017This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]