223 research outputs found
ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ° ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΏΡΡΠΊΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅ Ρ Π²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π½Π° ΡΠΊΠ²Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ½Π΅ β 520 Π‘Π½Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π½ΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°
A new high repetitive, compact and low cost gas discharge based EUV "lamp" has been studied as an alternative to laser-produced plasmas as EUV sources. First results using oxygen in a fast discharge of electrically stored energy around 1 J lead to a conversion efficiency of about 0. 1 per cent for the emission at 13.0 nm which is suited for the use with Mo/Si-multilayer mirrors. Using Xenon a broadband emission in the investigated wavelength range from 10 nm to 18 nm is observed. With a first version a source with 40 W electrical input power could be demonstrated that emits about 50 mW/(4pisr) around 13 nm at a repetition rate of 150 Hz. No debris and no electrode erosion was observed after more than 10 (exp 7) pulses done up to now. Making use of the remaining optimisation potential this concept seems to be promising to fulfil the requirements of extreme-ultraviolet lithography
ΠΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠΉ Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ Ρ Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ
Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² Ρ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π·Π° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌΠ° Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅. ΠΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π°Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° "ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ² ΡΠ°Π·Ρ" Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Ρ
ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ
ΠΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ. Π’. 1
ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ V ΠΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΌΠ° "ΠΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ", ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ 9 - 13 ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ±ΡΡ 2017Π³. Π½Π° Π±Π°Π·Π΅ ΠΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ° Π’ΠΎΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°
Π Π΅ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π³ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π¦Π€Π’Π Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ BestPractices
The development of new types of sophisticated soft x-ray sources requires the knowledge of their emission characteristics such as photon flux, spectral distribution, and size of the radiation source. Calibrated spectrographs for the soft x-ray region are needed to determine these properties. The components of a soft x-ray spectrograph consisting of a pinhole gold transmission grating and a charge coupled device (CCD) camera are calibrated at the radiometry laboratory of the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt using the synchrotron radiation facility BESSY. Two different kinds of CCD-based photon detectors (one thinned and back illuminated, one coated with a phosphorous layer) are compared with regard to their sensitivities in the spectral range between 50 eV and 1.7 keV. The results obtained for the thinned CCD are compared with theoretical calculations of the sensitivity
UV radiation enhanced oxygen vacancy formation caused by the PLD plasma plume
Pulsed Laser Deposition is a commonly used non-equilibrium physical deposition technique for the growth of complex oxide thin films. A wide range of parameters is known to influence the properties of the used samples and thin films, especially the oxygen-vacancy concentration. One parameter has up to this point been neglected due to the challenges of separating its influence from the influence of the impinging species during growth: the UV-radiation of the plasma plume. We here present experiments enabled by a specially designed holder to allow a separation of these two influences. The influence of the UV-irradiation during pulsed laser deposition on the formation of oxygen-vacancies is investigated for the perovskite model material SrTiO3. The carrier concentration of UV-irradiated samples is nearly constant with depth and time. By contrast samples not exposed to the radiation of the plume show a depth dependence and a decrease in concentration over time. We reveal an increase in Ti-vacancyβoxygen-vacancy-complexes for UV irradiated samples, consistent with the different carrier concentrations. We find a UV enhanced oxygen-vacancy incorporation rate as responsible mechanism. We provide a complete picture of another influence parameter to be considered during pulsed laser depositions and unravel the mechanism behind persistent-photo-conductivity in SrTiO3
The integration of occlusion and disparity information for judging depth in autism spectrum disorder
In autism spectrum disorder (ASD), atypical integration of visual depth cues may be due to flattened perceptual priors or selective fusion. The current study attempts to disentangle these explanations by psychophysically assessing within-modality integration of ordinal (occlusion) and metric (disparity) depth cues while accounting for sensitivity to stereoscopic information. Participants included 22 individuals with ASD and 23 typically developing matched controls. Although adults with ASD were found to have significantly poorer stereoacuity, they were still able to automatically integrate conflicting depth cues, lending support to the idea that priors are intact in ASD. However, dissimilarities in response speed variability between the ASD and TD groups suggests that there may be differences in the perceptual decision-making aspect of the task
Time Resolved Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Thioflavin T Photoisomerization: A Simulation Study
The excited state isomerization of thioflavin T (ThT) is responsible for the quenching of its fluorescence in a non-restricted environment. The fluorescence quantum yield increases substantially upon binding to amyloid fibers. Simulations reveal that the variation of the twisting angle between benzothiazole and benzene groups (Ο(1)) is responsible for the sub-picosecond fluorescence quenching. The evolution of the twisting process can be directly probed by photoelectron emission with energies Ξ΅ β₯ 1.0 eV before the molecule reaches the Ο(1)-twisted configuration (~300 fs)
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