Una reflexión sobre la importancia de la enseñanza de la shoá en Argentina

Este ensayo propone compartir algunos dilemas encontrados al momento de redactar un Proyecto de Ley para la incorporación de la temática Holocausto – Shoá en los contenidos de los currículos escolares de la provincia de Buenos Aires. Finalizada la tarea, se hizo necesario dar cuenta de algunos problemas que fueron surgiendo a lo largo del trabajo. Una de las cuestiones prioritarias quedó trazada cuando apareció la pregunta sobre ¿Por qué debería ser el Holocausto Judío un tema de enseñanza vigente en las sociedades presentes? Esta indagación suscitó un debate que llevó a desnaturalizar el acuerdo básico y común que había sido sostenido por los miembros de esta Comisión en una primera instancia. Si se pretendía que se reconociera la enseñanza del Holocausto como un tema de importancia para ser incorporado dentro del currículo de las escuelas, se debía considerar cuáles son los argumentos fundamentales que sostienen dicho tema. Es por ello que en este escrito proponemos dejar a un lado la cuestión del cómo llevar acabo la incorporación del Holocausto (en el que se debería trabajar rigurosamente con los contenidos de cada ciclo de la educación primaria, secundaria y superior), para dar lugar a un análisis profundo y específico de los ‘dilemas educativos a la hora de enseñar la temática del Holocausto-Shoá.Facultad de Periodismo y Comunicación Socia

Lack of robustness of textural measures obtained from 3D brain tumor MRIs impose a need for standardization

Purpose Textural measures have been widely explored as imaging biomarkers in cancer. However, their robustness under dynamic range and spatial resolution changes in brain 3D magnetic resonance images (MRI) has not been assessed. The aim of this work was to study potential variations of textural measures due to changes in MRI protocols. Materials and methods Twenty patients harboring glioblastoma with pretreatment 3D T1-weighted MRIs were included in the study. Four different spatial resolution combinations and three dynamic ranges were studied for each patient. Sixteen three-dimensional textural heterogeneity measures were computed for each patient and configuration including co-occurrence matrices (CM) features and run-length matrices (RLM) features. The coefficient of variation was used to assess the robustness of the measures in two series of experiments corresponding to (i) changing the dynamic range and (ii) changing the matrix size. Results No textural measures were robust under dynamic range changes. Entropy was the only textural feature robust under spatial resolution changes (coefficient of variation under 10% in all cases). Conclusion Textural measures of three-dimensional brain tumor images are not robust neither under dynamic range nor under matrix size changes. Standards should be harmonized to use textural features as imaging biomarkers in radiomic-based studies. The implications of this work go beyond the specific tumor type studied here and pose the need for standardization in textural feature calculation of oncological images

Genome-Wide Meta-Analysis of Five Asian Cohorts Identifies PDGFRA as a Susceptibility Locus for Corneal Astigmatism

Corneal astigmatism refers to refractive abnormalities and irregularities in the curvature of the cornea, and this interferes with light being accurately focused at a single point in the eye. This ametropic condition is highly prevalent, influences visual acuity, and is a highly heritable trait. There is currently a paucity of research in the genetic etiology of corneal astigmatism. Here we report the results from five genome-wide association studies of corneal astigmatism across three Asian populations, with an initial discovery set of 4,254 Chinese and Malay individuals consisting of 2,249 cases and 2,005 controls. Replication was obtained from three surveys comprising of 2,139 Indians, an additional 929 Chinese children, and an independent 397 Chinese family trios. Variants in PDGFRA on chromosome 4q12 (lead SNP: rs7677751, allelic odds ratio = 1.26 (95% CI: 1.16–1.36), Pmeta = 7.87×10−9) were identified to be significantly associated with corneal astigmatism, exhibiting consistent effect sizes across all five cohorts. This highlights the potential role of variants in PDGFRA in the genetic etiology of corneal astigmatism across diverse Asian populations